Chapter 21 Zhuangzi's "Theory of Things" Vernacular Text (1)

Nan Guo Ziqi sat at the back of several cases, facing the sky on his back and exhaling slowly, as if it was not a person but something slowly bubbling.

His student Yan Chengziyou stood in front of him and asked, "What's the matter?" Teacher? Is it true that the human form can make it like a dry tree? Can the human spirit and mind also make it as incapable of resurrection as dead ashes? Can we really do it: the shape is like a tree, and the heart is like ashes? Teacher, the way you sit there today is very different from the way you used to sit there! Teacher? ”

Ziqi replied, "Yan, good! That's a great question! Today I forgot about myself, you know? The highest state of cultivation is to forget oneself and not to regard oneself as a human being, but as a thing, just like other things in nature.

To forget oneself is to forget the rights and wrongs, rights and wrongs of the world, and not to be confused by the world. Jump out of the world. That's the only way! We can forget ourselves.

You have only heard the sound of the earth but not the sound of the earth, even if you have heard the sound of the earth, you have not heard the sound of the earth! ”

Ziyou asked, "I took the liberty of asking the teacher?" What is 'human sound'? What do you mean by 'Earth'? What is 'natural sound'? Why have I only heard the sounds of the earth but not necessarily the sounds of the earth, and even if I have heard the sounds of the earth, why have I not heard the sounds of the heavens? ”

Ziqi said: "The breath that comes out of the earth is called wind. The wind does not do anything, and once it is done, many holes in the earth roar with it.

Haven't you heard the whirring wind?

The steep rocks of the mountains, the trunks and branches of the trees, and the countless holes in the trunks. Some of them resemble noses, some resemble mouths, some resemble ears, some resemble square holes inserted into a pillar, some resemble fences encircled, some resemble the sockets of a pit of a rice tree, some resemble deep pools, and some resemble shallow pools.

When the wind blows, they make a sound like the sound of rushing water, like the sound of swift arrows, like a loud shout, like a thin breath, like a loud cry, like a cry, like an echo in a valley, like the chirping of birds. It seems that the front is whining and singing, and the back is whirring and easy-going. There is a small harmony in the breeze, a big response in the long wind, and the swift wind stops, and all the tricks are silent.

That's called the Earth! The sound of the earth.

You don't hear the sound of the wind blowing, don't you see everything swaying with the wind when it blows?

That's the wind! Wind! The breath of the earth! ”

Zi You said: "The sound of the earth is the sound of the wind blowing through the ten thousand holes, and the sound of the human voice should be the sound of blowing through the bamboo pipes side by side with the human mouth." I took the liberty of asking the teacher again, what is nature? ”

Ziqi said: "The sound of heaven is the ensemble of all kinds of sounds from heaven and earth, and this chorus is the sound of nature." The birth and cessation of all kinds of voices in heaven and earth are all from themselves, and who else is the one who moves?

For example, if you say that the sound of the human voice is just the sound of the mouth blowing through the bamboo pipes side by side? Don't? Talking, laughing, crying, etc., are not human? ”

A wise man looks open-minded and idle. A little clever person likes to be calculating and distinguish the line between you and me;

Some of the remarks may sound plausible, giving people a feeling of blood boiling, as if they were overbearing like a fierce flame. And some of the statements sound palatable and are carefully analyzed. But! But it seems very cumbersome, and after listening to it too much, I feel as if I haven't said anything and can't give you a decision;

When I sleep, I often bring the events of the day to my dreams, and I feel much more relaxed when I wake up. Contacting the outside world, dealing with people, that's what it looks like: intrigue all day long, endless.

Some people seem sluggish, some people seem unfathomable, and some people are cautious. When it comes to a little thing, it seems to be afraid and uneasy, and when it encounters a big thing, it looks frightened and depressed.

Some people speak as if a sharp arrow is fast and harsh, in fact! Right and wrong, right and wrong, all arise from this; Others are not like this, they do not speak, as if they had made a promise or swore a curse and did not speak. Not really! Instead, they are waiting for the right moment, looking for the other party's flaws and defeating the other party in one fell swoop.

Some people's voices: It's like the autumn wind and the cold wind of winter, after the wind, the seasons change. What does this mean? It shows that they are becoming more and more ruined and decaying;

They are so immersed in the things they are engaged in that it is impossible for them to return to their former state;

Their minds are closed as if they are bound by ropes, and they cannot open their hearts and eyes to look at problems. What does this mean? It shows that they have entered a state of aging and decay. Mourning is greater than dying, and if a person's mind can't let go, they can't get back to life and restore their original intentions.

They rejoiced, angry, mourned, and rejoiced; They are worried, lamenting, repetitive, fearful, restless and frivolous, extravagant and indulgent, arrogant and posturing.

The sounds of their various expressions and needs are like music coming out of the pipes, and like fungi steaming from the earth. This kind of state of affairs is replaced and replaced in front of them day and night, but they don't know how it came about?

Forget it, forget it! Once we understand the causes of all these births, don't we understand the birth and formation of these various modalities?

Why do people do this?

Because! No one in the world looks at the problem from a higher perspective or vision. Rather, it is simply from the perspective of people and society. And there is no jumping out of the human perspective and height to look at the problem.

Why do we need to look at problems beyond the perspective and height of human beings?

Because! Man is only a part of heaven and earth, and like all things, he is only a part of heaven and earth. Just like the five organs in our human body, the five organs are only a part of the human body.

The five internal organs should not look at the problem from their own perspective and height, but should look at the problem from the perspective and height of the human body as a whole. So! Human beings cannot look at problems from the perspective and height of human beings. Rather, we should look at the problem from the perspective and height of heaven and earth as a whole.

And so on! So! We need to look at the problem from the height of the Tao!

Nothing is isolated, nothing is either/or. But! It's all mutual, mutual. It's all a combination of you, me, and everyone.

Such an understanding is right and close to the essence of things. However! We don't know why, it feels like what's driving all this? It's as if there is a master who dominates everything, allowing us to combine as a whole. But I can't find the clue of this "master".

We practice and get it, but we can't see it. This juggernaut is real, but it cannot be described in concrete form.

If you still can't understand the above? So! Let's take an example! Let's take people as an example!

There are many joints in the human body, including the eyes, ears, mouth, nose, and other nine orifices, and the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, and other six internal organs, all of which are all in my body, which part of them am closest to me? Do you like them all equally? Or do you have a preference for one part or the other?

If there is a preference? So? Which part became a concubine? Which part becomes a slave? Which is the main one? Which is secondary?

To know! Are they all part of my body?

If there is a preference, there is a distinction between a concubine and a slave? So? Can concubines and slaves coordinate with each other? Or do you take turns to be kings and ministers? Today you are the boss, tomorrow he is the boss, and the emperor takes turns?

To know! Are they all part of my body?

If there is a preference? Can we give up a part of our body?

In fact, that's impossible! Whenever we give up a part of our body, our body is crippled.

We jump out of this circle, not to talk about people and the human body, let's talk about all things in heaven and earth. Man is just one thing in heaven and earth! Human beings are not the masters of all things, and they also depend on the earth, the heavens, the earth, the sun and the moon for their survival.

Is there really any "master" between heaven and earth? Whether we find the existence of this master or not, it will not gain or damage us.

Nothing is isolated, nothing is either/or. But! It's all mutual, mutual. It's all a combination of you, me, and everyone.

So! We don't have to fight over who is the master, who is the boss, who is the main and who is secondary! Because! Everyone is a common assemblage, a part of a whole.

Heaven and earth created and formed man, but do not forget: we are only a process of life, we are not immortal, we are going to die.

In fact! Life is very fragile, and at the beginning of human beings, it was necessary to confront nature and survive in nature. It's like a race against life, you can't stop, and if you stop, we'll die! Come to think of that, really! I feel really sad to be a human being.

It is as if a person's life is enslaved, and he is so busy in order to survive that there is no time to stop. I've been like this all my life, and I don't know how to stop and rest when I'm stuck and tired. It's as if a lost person doesn't know the way home, and has been looking for a way home, walking non-stop, can't stop, and can't find a home if he stops. If that's how our lives are, then? Isn't our life sad?

It has been said that people can live forever! But? If we live like this, what is the point of our life? Is our life like this, as if we have been enslaved, and we have toiled all our lives? Except for toil or toil?

As people grow old and life ends, our thoughts, spirits, and all our feelings, our feelings for our relatives, children and grandchildren, all end together. He's dead! We disappeared from the world. Don't? Isn't that one of the great sorrows of being human?

Is this how a person's life passes? Is this so ignorance? Don't? I'm the only one who thinks so, that most people in the world are so ignorant? And there is no one in the world who thinks that the majority of the world is so ignorant like me!