There are also generals Liu Zeqing and Ma Guangyuan, who were also brought out.

Because Liu Zeqing was a general, the Ming court appointed him as Ningyuan and the avant-garde defense of Liaodong, and was promoted to the secretary of the Shandong capital, and then added an official to the general.

In the third year of Chongzhen (1630), the Houjin army attacked the iron factory and wanted to occupy this place to cut off the grain route of Fengrun City. Yang Zhaoji, the general soldier who came to the aid of Santun, sent Liu Zeqing to come to the aid, and met the Houjin army at a place fifteen miles away from the iron factory, and started a fierce battle, fighting from early morning to noon, regardless of victory or defeat. Later, they received reinforcements, and they fought together in Zunhua, and then flanked the Houjin army and entered the city. Later, he was evaluated for military merits and was promoted to two levels as deputy commander-in-chief.

In the fifth year of Chongzhen (1632), Liu Zeqing was impeached for deducting military rations, and the imperial court ordered him to make meritorious contributions to strategic places.

In the sixth year of Chongzhen (1633), he was promoted to the chief soldier. In the winter of that year, he tried to serve as the governor of Zuodu, and he made great achievements in the campaign to restore Dengzhou.

In the eighth year of Chongzhen (1635), the imperial court ordered him to lead the troops in Shandong to protect Caoyun.

In the ninth year of Chongzhen (1636), the Beijing division was under martial law, he led the army to defend the Beijing division, Zhu Youzhen let him garrison the new city as a transportation hub between the north and the south, and later ordered him to stay in Tongzhou, and crowned him as the governor of the left capital, the prince and the prince.

In May of the thirteenth year of Chongzhen (1640), a severe famine occurred in Shandong, and the victims of disasters from all over the country gathered to revolt, especially in Caozhou and Puzhou. Zhu Youzhen ordered Liu Zeqing to join forces with the troops of Yang Yufan, the commander-in-chief, to arrest them. In August, Liu Zeqing was demoted to the post of governor of the right capital, guarding the coastal defense of Shandong. He asked for the dismissal of the appointment on the grounds that he had grown up in Shandong and that it was inappropriate for him to stay here for a long time. Zhu Youzhen ordered him to immediately reorganize his troops to cross the Yellow River, and unite all kinds of troops to go to Shandong to aid in the night and night.

In February of the fourteenth year of Chongzhen (1641), Zhou Yanru entered the cabinet, and Liu Zeqing knew that Zhou Yanru was a greedy villain, so he took the opportunity to drill the camp in order to make a comeback. He calculated Zhou Yanru's itinerary from his hometown Yixing to the north, rushed from Linqing to Yangzhou, and reported to Xiangjun's shogunate on the day, and prepared a building boat to invite Zhou Yanru to go north by water, Zhou Yanru felt embarrassed for a while. He said: "With me, how dare those thieves approach Xiangye and want to harm you?

Therefore, Zhou Yanru decided to enter Beijing by water, and at this time, Liu Zeqing was dressed all over his body and met Zhou Yanru. said: "These thieves in Shandong, you don't have to worry. If the court uses me to appease them, it will be peaceful in a few days. And sending 20,000 taels of gold as travel expenses, Zhou Yanru was extremely happy. After Zhou Yanru entered Beijing in August, Liu Zeqing was indeed reinstated as the commander-in-chief of Shandong.

In February of the sixteenth year of Chongzhen (1643), the peasant army besieged Kaifeng for a long time, and Liu Zeqing was ordered to help. Because Zhujiazhai was only eight miles away from the blockade, he led 5,000 troops to cross the Yellow River, set up camp there along the riverside, and dug ditches to divert the water of the Yellow River around the barracks, hoping to set up eight barracks in turn to reach the embankment, and then build a passage with walls on both sides to transport grain to the city. Before the wall could be built, the peasant army came to fight, and the two sides held each other for three days, each suffering casualties. Liu Zeqing ordered his team to pull out the camp and leave, and for a time the Ming army fled in a hurry, and many of the soldiers fell into the water and drowned in order to fight for the boat.

Liu Zeqing is cowardly and selfish. He once falsely claimed that he had received a reward for his great achievements, and that he had fallen from a horse and was injured, and the court rewarded him with forty taels of silver for medical expenses. The imperial court ordered him to go to Baoding to suppress thieves, but he did not obey the order and robbed the soldiers in Linqing every day. Later, when he led his troops south, he burned and robbed all the places he passed. In the case of the peasant army's momentum, Han Ruyu and Ma Jiazhi both sought to be ordered to come to the south, Han Ruyue had impeached Liu Zeqing, and when Han Ruyue passed through Dongchang, Liu Zeqing sent people to kill him on the road, and no one dared to report this matter to the imperial court.

In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644), Li Zicheng, the king of Huang Chuang, broke through Beijing, Zhu Youzhen hanged himself, and Wu Sangui, the chief soldier of Shanhaiguan, led the Qing soldiers into the customs. Liu Zeqing and others supported the enthronement of Zhu Youxiang, the king of Fu, and was named Dongpingbo.

Zhu Youxiang opened four feudatories: Xingping Bo Gaojie defended Xuzhou and Sizhou, Dongping Bo Liu Zeqing defended Huai'an and Yangzhou, Guangchang Bo Liu Liangzuo defended Fengyang and Shouzhou, and Huang Degong was promoted to marquis and guarded Chuzhou and Hezhou. Their families are all resettled in the mainland.

At that time, the four towns each occupied their own defense areas, did not hand over their financial revenues, and squandered them wantonly, leaving the territory, military and other matters in the back of their minds. They and the ministers in the middle of the court formed factions with each other, intervened in the government affairs, and excluded dissidents, and they constantly handed over all kinds of chapters, destroying the discipline in the court, among which Ze Liu Qing's proposition was the most arrogant and fallacious.

When Zhu Youxiang had just ascended the throne, he asked for the yuan to be changed in May this year, and he also asked for pardon and release of the stolen money that Zhou Yanru, the former assistant minister, had been copied as military salary. Liu Zongzhou, the imperial historian of the capital, impeached the generals for arrogance and lawlessness, and Liu Zeqing wrote twice to impeach Liu Zongzhou, and said: "Your Majesty as long as you are willing to kill Liu Zongzhou, I will resign." The court had no choice but to comfort him with a gentle edict. He also asked for a ban on the investigation, arrest, and recovery of prisoners by the magistrates, and asked the judicial department to severely arrest the former governor Hou Sui and his son Hou Fangyu, and the court obeyed him flexibly.

Liu Zeqing opened the mansion Huai'an, Lei Zhi Domain, and the specifications of the mansion were similar to those of the palace. The first is spacious, the gate is magnificent, the gold is splendid, the magnificence is magnificent, the garden is curved, the high house is deep wall, and the sword guards are numerous. Not only that, but he has always been fond of voice play, and once raised beautiful prostitutes to pet more than 40 people. In Huai'an, he was drunk and dreamed of death, spending all day drinking. "The women of good families, who are robbing from all directions, rejoicing uncontrollably. Someone asked him, "What is the best way to keep the king." He said: "I am here to support King Fu, he should let me enjoy, in case something happens, I choose a county in the south of the Yangtze River, and occupy the mountain as the king." ”

In April of the second year of Shunzhi (1645), the Qing army went south, Yangzhou was in an emergency, and the Southern Ming court ordered Zeqing and others to go to reinforcements, but he had secretly planned to surrender to the Qing Dynasty.

After Liu Zeqing surrendered to the Qing Dynasty, he was relieved of his military authority and raised in Beijing, thus ending his career as a horseman. Dorgon gave him two maids-in-waiting.

In August of the fifth year of Shunzhi (1648), the Qing court conferred the title of third-class viscount.

In May of the sixth year of Shunzhi (1649), Liu Zeqing saw that the situation was chaotic and concluded that "the Qing State will not employ people, and the national fortune is not long", and secretly sent his nephew Liu Zhiyu and his deputy generals Zheng Longfang and Yao Wenchang to the south to contact Nanming, and brought back a message saying that "the king is very happy" (according to the situation at that time and Liu Zeqing's analysis of some boat masters, the envoy is likely to meet Zhu Yihai of Lu Jianguo, not Zhu Youlang, Emperor Yongli).

Liu Zeqing believed that this was a good opportunity to oppose the Qing Dynasty and restore the Ming Dynasty, so he summoned his confidant Li Huajing to Beijing for secret discussions, and agreed that Liu Zeqing would "start from Beijing on 15 August, and he would also act on the same day." Li Huajing returned to Caozhou to recruit troops and secretly carry out preparations against the Qing Dynasty. After Yang Fangxing, the governor of Qinghe Road, learned the news, he adopted the plan of transferring the tiger from the mountain to assign Li Huajing as the garrison of Gunzhou, and let him take office on his own.

Li Huajing was forced to start the incident in July. He contacted nearby Yuyuan and other rebel armies to support a Ming Dynasty clan as the king, issued a document with Tianzheng as the year name, and successively conquered Caozhou, Dingtao, Chengwu, Dongming and other prefectures and counties. The people of Juye, Shandong, the Zhili Daimyo Mansion and the Guide Mansion in Henan, which bordered Caozhou, responded one after another. The Qing court was afraid that the situation would expand and become out of control, so it ordered the officers and soldiers of the three provinces to be transferred to suppress it.

Those who participated in the encirclement and suppression included the troops stationed in Dongchang Prefecture, Meile Zhangjing, Lai Fu, Tong Yangliang, the general soldier of Yizhou, Yi Yonggui, the general soldier of Linqing, Lu Guonan, the general soldier of Baoding, Gao Di, the general soldier of Henan, and Kong Xigui of the Hebei general army (referring to the three prefectures north of the Yellow River in Henan Province). A large number of Qing troops swarmed into Caozhou, and although the rebels resisted bravely, they were finally suppressed because they were outnumbered. The Qing army successively recaptured Dongming, Dingtao, Chengwu and other counties, and surrounded Caozhou on the first day of August.

Seeing that the situation was unfavorable, Li Huajing and others went out of the city to negotiate and handed over the Ming Dynasty clan, hoping to exchange for the Qing side's withdrawal of troops. The Qing court ignored it and continued the siege. On 15 September, Li Huajing and others went out of the city again to negotiate, but were detained by the Qing army and escorted him, the "puppet king," and Liu Zeqing's three nephews into Beijing.

Li Huajing and others were escorted to Beijing to confront Liu Zeqing. Liu Zeqing knew that the conspiracy was corrupt, and he privately burned the secret letter and other evidence, refused to admit the conspiracy to rebel, and said that the so-called burning of the thief's book was actually the burning of the Ming Dynasty's edict, and he was denounced by the maid at home. On 25 October, after the Qing court was interrogated by the ministers, Liu Zeqing, his younger brother, nephew, Li Huajing, and others were escorted to Cao Lingchi to be executed on charges of treason.

Liu Zeqing is ruthless and vicious, and he will be revenged, and he once called Liu Hongxun, a university scholar at the time of Chongzhen, as his uncle. As soon as Liu Hongxun died, he treated his sons Kong Zhong and Kong He as nephews. He didn't know much about books and was pretentious, once he had a banquet in Huai'an, and took out his poems for everyone to see. The guests flattered and praised each other.

Liu Konghe was silent, he asked Liu Konghe by name, and Kong He jokingly said: "It's better not to do it." He was immediately furious, and then took the opportunity to send Liu Konghe to lead 2,000 people to cross Hezhou, and suddenly beheaded him under the pretext, and the 2,000 people in his department refused to accept the murder, and he actually killed all the 2,000 people, without missing a single person.

Liu Zeqing once had a former residence in a certain county, which was empty and unoccupied. At a time, more than a dozen Xiucai borrowed there to drink, and because of the legend and play, he found a woman's brocade shoes upstairs, and laughed and sarcastic. Afterwards, Liu Zeqing knew about it, and he killed all of them.

Liu Zeqing had a discord with his cousin and sent someone to find the cousin, who pleaded with his mother, but he pretended to be reconciled, but in fact sent someone to kill the cousin on the way back.

Liu Zeqing knew some poetry and scriptures very well, liked to chant poems and songs, and often invited guests to drink and sing together.

One day, Zeqing held a banquet for a friend's son, poured wine into a gold cup, a cup of about three liters, and asked the ape to kneel with the wine glass in his hand and hand it to the guest. The ape's appearance was very sinister, and the guests trembled and hesitated to take it. Zeqing smiled and said, "Sir, are you scared?" Then he ordered a prisoner to be brought in, and after he had been beaten to death in the hall, he cut out his brain and heart, and put him in a wine glass and wine, and let the ape hold it to him, and drink it while he was chewing on it, and his face did not change. This is probably the case of Liu Zeqing's cruelty.

Ma Guangyuan, Shuntian Daxing people. General Ming Jianchang. In the fourth year of Tiancong, I studied Ke Yongping, Guangyuan descended to the department, ordered to be under the blue flag, awarded Meler Ezhen, and gave crowns and saddle horses. Five years, on the resumption of the Ming Dynasty, around the Daling River, Guangyuan Cong, Zhaocheng Nantai descended, got a hundred total one, more than 50 men and women, that is, Guangyuan Yuyan.

In November of the sixth year of Tiancong, Guangyuan said: "The six ministries are established, and the cabinet should be established, and the second and third ministers of Qingzheng Lianda will be elected as the president, and the cabinet will be entered at dawn." Eight solid mountains, six departments to undertake the government, there is something to discuss in the cabinet, please command. "And discuss the establishment of six departments and eight officials. The next day, he was sparse again, and he was in charge of the six sections.

In the first month of the seventh year of Tiancong, Wu Zhenchao Haang Bang Zhang Jing Tong Yang and Guang Yuanhe said: "Shang and Zhu Beile are generous to Han officials, and the ministers are pretending to be leaders. There is a life, and you dare not exert your strength. The ministers are guilty, and the ministers are impeached. The officials of the Han Dynasty such as resisting the order and bullying the public, slandering and misleading, avoiding stealing security, playing tricks, and the ministers should be impeached, and they dare not avoid taboos. However, I was worried about the grievances of the Han officials, and the ministers were offended by the proverbs, although they died, they did not know why.

beggars and bevels and other ministers, if there is a fault in the future, they will be punished immediately; If there is a slander, immediately question: The evil must not do its own dangers. "In March, Guangyuan Shu Chen rectified the military and government: provincial weapons, regarded herding horses, learned artillery, controlled artillery vehicles, saved gunpowder, guarded the city, made rockets, built a bureau of storing artillery and stored medicines, supported the battle of casting artillery and making medicine, and raised artillery, all ten things. In July, he ordered the Han people under the old Manchurian household to give one cotton armor to 1,580 people, and ordered Guangyuan and others to make up for the shortage of the old armor.

When Kong Youde and Geng Zhongming came to surrender, Ke Lushun. Guangyuan said: "When you first came, Denglai, Lushun and the warships of the islands did not dare to return to the estuary, and they were afraid of the law. Now that Lushun is lost, the Jiangkou warship will be surrendered to Denglai. It is advisable to send sailors to chase the other boats and ride the wind to the west. The commander of the army took the mountains and seas and attacked Beijing, and it was not half a year before a major event could be decided. "In October, he was awarded the rank of chief officer of the first class.

In March of the eighth year of Tiancong, he invited the teacher: "One from the east of the thistle, one from the Balipu to the Shanhaiguan, inside and outside the attack, first take its water pass, then the Shanhaiguan is easy to go down." Not only Keshan Customs, but also take the ancestral birthday, the whole brigade went west, attacked Beijing, Sai Chong, blocked the transportation road, and there will be internal changes in a few months. But on the day of leaving the school, he commanded the soldiers not to kill, not to commit adultery, not to plunder goods, not to burn houses. When the Quartet heard it, they all led it back. "In April, he was changed to a first-class Aung Bang Zhangjing.

In July of the ninth year of Tiancong, the officials of the Han people under the jurisdiction were screened, and the rewards and punishments were given to the increase or decrease of each fort household, and the reduction of one-third of the initial amount was reduced to the people. Guangyuan said: "The merits of all officials are not equal, and they are all hereditary, and it is very difficult to obtain. Nowadays, it is not as good as the law to raise people, they are all for the people, and everyone is afraid. beggars are punished heavily, and do not take away their positions; Let the guilty look at things, and make the merit worse than the fault. The minister is the king's law, and he dares to die. "Meller is really Zhang Cunren also thought that he was obedient.

In April of the tenth year of Tiancong, the ministers persuaded him to advance, and the Han generals listed Kong Youde, Geng Zhongming, Shang Kexi, Shi Tingzhu and Guangyuan, all five.

In December of the first year of Chongdeok, he invaded North Korea and conquered Pyongyang and Ganghwa Island. In August of the second year of Chongde, Wuzhen Chaoha was divided into two wings, and the mountain was set up. The left wing is governed by the Tingzhu, and the right wing is governed by Guangyuan.

In the third year of Chongde, he attacked Jinzhou, and Wuzhen Chaoha transported firearms as the precursor. Looking for and Youde to conquer Taiwu with firearms, and recovering with Tingzhu Keli Yuntun, Baishitun, Guojiabao, Kaizhou, Jingjiabao, three out of 700 prisoners, and the livestock are said to be. Guangyuan led Jiala Zhenlang Shaozhen to besiege the city of Jinzhou, the enemy fled, did not pursue, cross-examined, Guangyuan argued, should seize the post, and ordered to punish him.

In the fourth year of Chongde, the Ming Dynasty was restored, and Guangyuan took the southwest corner of Kesong Mountain in the department, and lowered its general Yang Wenxian, and attacked the city. The details of Shi Tingzhu's biography. The teacher returns, counts his sins, and stops; He also used Ji Shichang, a staff member of the shelter department, to cast a cannon that was not medium-range, and he was killed, and he was specially punished. In June, the analysis of Wuzhen Chaoha is the eight flags, the solid mountain is really four, and the revival of the light is far for the positive yellow, inlaid yellow two flags to fix the mountain and the real one. The Han military flag was formulated, and Guangyuan was inlaid with a yellow flag.

Died in his later years

Shunzhi for four years, begging for old age and illness.

In the second year of Kangxi, he died, and he was sincere. Siwen, the son of his younger brother, attacked the knighthood. Enzhao into the third class. At the beginning of Qianlong, he was awarded the first class.