The fourth person, Wu Sangui, the number one traitor in the late Ming Dynasty, 96 in force, 96 in command, 88 in intelligence, and 90 in politics;

In the 40th year of Wanli (1612), Wu Sangui was born in the Zhonghou Institute of Han Town, outside the Guan, and his ancestral home was Gaoyou, Jiangsu. Born in the Jiangmen Wang clan in western Liaoning, he has been practicing martial arts since he was a child and is good at riding and shooting. Wu Xiang heard and witnessed how the Ming Dynasty lost the Battle of Guangning in the second year of the Apocalypse (1622), how Xiong Tingbi, the governor of Liaodong, was rumored to be the head of the Nine Sides, and how Wang Huazhen, the governor of Liaodong, was imprisoned and died. Wu Xiang was transferred to Beijing by order and married Zu Dashou's sister. Zu Dashou is a prominent family living in Liaoxi, Wu Xiang became Zu Dashou's brother-in-law, and Wu Sangui became Zu Dashou's nephew.

The marriage of the Zu and Wu families made Wu Xiang and Wu Sangui find a strong backer, and also made the power of the Zu family stronger. Under the teachings and influence of his father Wu Xiang and his uncle Zu Dashou, Wu Sangui studied both literature and martial arts, and was admitted to the martial arts examination before the age of 20.

In the second year of Chongzhen (1629), Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty personally led an army of 50,000 or 60,000 to avoid the Ningjin defense line built by the Ming Dynasty, and detoured through Mongolia to Beijing. Yuan Chonghuan's failure to block Huang Taiji led to the Qing army coming to Beijing, coupled with the previous Jiao Zhao's unauthorized killing of Mao Wenlong and cultivating his own power in Liaodong, Emperor Chongzhen arrested Yuan Chonghuan and imprisoned him.

When Zu Dashou heard this, he immediately withdrew from Beijing with Wu Xiang and Wu Sangui and his son and 15,000 Qin Wang Ming's army. Hurry back to Ningyuan in order to protect yourself. This year, Wu Sangui was 17 years old. [6] In the battle of Dalinghe in the fourth year of Chongzhen (1631), Wu Xiang, the chief soldier of the regimental training, led more than 40,000 horses to aid Dalinghe Zu Dashou, but Wu Xiang escaped from the battle and was cut down.

In June of the fifth year of Chongzhen (1632), in order to quell the mutiny of Kong Youde, a general in Dengzhou, Shandong, Wu Xiang went to Shandong with the deputy general Zu Dabi, and finally Kong Youde crossed the sea by boat from Dengzhou and defected to Houjin, and Wu Xiang resumed his position as a general soldier. With the reinstatement of Wu Xiangguan, Wu Sangui also served as a guerrilla at the age of 20.

In the eighth year of Chongzhen (1635), Wu Sangui was promoted to the general of the right battalion of the forward, at the age of 23. In September of the eleventh year of Chongzhen (1638), he served as the deputy general of the right battalion of the forward, equivalent to the deputy general soldier, at the age of 26. In the twelfth year of Chongzhen (1639), Hong Chengchou, the governor of Jiliao, Fang Yizao, the governor of Liaodong, and the eunuch Gao Qiqian, the imperial horse supervisor of the two towns of Guanning, reported to the imperial court for approval, and Wu Sangui was promoted to the general soldier of the Ningyuan regiment at the age of 27.

In the thirteenth year of Chongzhen (1640), the Ming army and the Qing army had an encounter in the area of Jiama Mountain near Xingshan (now Xingshan, Jinxian County, Liaoning). Wu Sangui showed his superb combat skills in this battle, he desperately rushed to kill, and fought a bloody battle with the Qing army, but due to the extraordinary bravery of the Qing army, it ended in mutual casualties on both sides.

At the beginning of the fourteenth year of Chongzhen (1641), the Qing army gradually formed a situation of encirclement of Jinzhou. Hong Chengchou, the governor of Jiliao, and Qiu Minyang, Wu Sangui, the governors of Liaodong, repeatedly discussed and decided to take the risk of transporting rice to the three cities of Jinzhou, Songshan, and Xingshan.

In the first month of the sixteenth year of Chongzhen (1643), Zu Dashou, who had surrendered, received a letter from Wu Sangui in Shengjing. The heart of the general, hesitating. I'm afraid that the general will miss a chance, but it's a pity. ”

Wu Sangui was shaking, although he did not clear the clear, but he had already left himself a way back. In the spring, Wu Sangui was ordered to enter the customs and gallop to the aid of the Beijing division to resist the Qing army that entered the fortress for the fifth time. The march was slow, and the Qing army had retreated when he arrived, but Chongzhen still valued him very much and thanked him for coming to Beijing to serve as king. On May 15, Emperor Chongzhen invited Wu Sangui and others who came to King Qin to a banquet in the Wuying Palace, and gave Wu Sangui Shangfang a sword. In September, the Qing army bypassed Ningyuan, and laid down the back station, the front guard, and the middle front station, seven or eight days before and after, the three cities all fell, and Wu Sangui's Ningyuan became a lonely city outside the Shanhai Pass, which had lost its strategic significance.

At the beginning of the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644), the Ming Dynasty, which was facing the fate of collapse, bet on Wu Sangui, who had heavy troops outside the Guan. Many courtiers, such as Wang Yongji and Wu Linzheng, successively went up and demanded that Ning Yuan's division be withdrawn to defend the capital. The Dashun army pointed directly at the Beijing division, Chongzhen edict to recruit the king of the world's soldiers, and on March 5, Wu Sangui was crowned as Ping Xibo, and Wu Sangui was ordered to quickly lead the troops into Beijing.

On 19 March, Wu Sangui led his army to Shanhaiguan, and then led his troops westward to Gyeonggi. On the 22nd, Wu Sangui's soldiers went to the area of Yutian, and at this time they suddenly received the news that the Beijing division had fallen and Chongzhen had hanged himself. The fall of the Ming Dynasty made Wu Sangui lose his trust, and in order to find a new master, Wu Sangui engaged in speculative activities among various political forces for more than a month.

Dashun Li Zicheng has surrendered many times, Wu Sangui hesitated again and again, and once had the idea of surrendering Li Zicheng. It is rumored that he later heard that his concubine Chen Yuanyuan was taken captive by Li Zicheng's subordinates and gave up. Wu Sangui, who was attacked on both sides, was invincible to Li Zicheng internally, and it was difficult to stop Dolgon externally. Chen Yuanyuan and the Wu family became hostages of Li Zicheng. In order to save his family's life, Wu agreed to negotiate peace with Li Zicheng, and in order to prevent Li Zicheng from cheating, he privately asked Dolgon for help on the condition of dividing the north and south of the Yellow River.

On 13 April, Li Zicheng led an army of 60,000 to Shanhaiguan. At this time, Li Zicheng, who had been carried away by a series of victories since the beginning of the year, underestimated the seriousness of the military confrontation at that time. After Wu Sangui learned the news that Li Zicheng personally led his army to the east, he immediately sent six people, including the gentry of Shanhaiguan, Confucian scholars Li Yousong, Tan Dihuan, Liu Tailin, Liu Taishan, Huang Zhen'an, and Gao Xuan, to "light up the thieves" to greet Li Zicheng's army in Sanhe County, not far east of Beijing, and express their intention to surrender, so as to delay time and wait for the Qing army.

After the envoy sent to the Qing army for help returned to Shanhaiguan with Dolgon's reply, Wu Sangui immediately sent a letter to Dolgon, begging him to "quickly organize the tiger brigade and go straight into the mountains and seas". It was not until Li Zicheng arrived at the gate that Wu Sangui sent representatives to contact the surrender in a vain attempt to escape, and only then did he discover Wu Sangui's true intention of making a false surrender, but he had already missed the favorable opportunity for the light troops to quickly advance and seize the gate. However, after receiving Wu Sangui's second letter for help, Dolgon arrived at Guanmen fifteen miles away on the 21st after a day and night of forced marching.

On April 21, Dolgon took advantage of Wu Sangui's critical situation to force Wu Sangui to abandon the policy of attacking Li and completely surrender to the Qing Dynasty. On April 22, Wu Sangui was defeated, and Wu Sangui asked for help from Dolgon, who took advantage of the negotiation between Wu Sangui and Li Zicheng to suddenly attack Li Zicheng. In the Battle of Yibianshi, Wu Sangui united with the Qing army to defeat Li Zicheng. After the Qing army entered the customs, they invaded Beijing, and Dolgon moved the young Shunzhi Emperor and the imperial court from Shengjing in the northeast to Beijing, and named Wu Sangui as the king of Pingxi after the Qing Dynasty made the capital Beijing.