Chapter 101 Guantian
Wang Kefan lacks talents, and he wants to recruit Gu Yanwu and Huang Zongxi, and even Wang Fuchen, who has a backbone in the back of his head.
But Gu Yanwu and Huang Zongxi are both elites of this era, and it is not easy to fool only by words, even if they drop children and cry like Liu Bei, a big-eared thief, it may not be able to make them loyal.
Hearing is false, seeing is believing.
The best way is to let them see for themselves, see how the Chu army is different from other armies, see what the Chu Xun group has done, let them think for themselves, judge for themselves, and make their own choices.
If you agree, you will stay, and if you don't, you will go.
Therefore, Wang Kefan wanted to take them on an inspection to deepen his understanding of the Chuxun Group.
The strategy for Wang Fuchen is slightly different. Although this person is a military general, he is a happy-eyed person, and if he reveals the slightest intention of solicitation, he will weigh and consider it according to his own interests, Wang Kefan has not yet figured out how to use this person, so he will not offer too high a bargaining chip.
Wang Fuchen was young and did not have a family, if he was wise enough, he would have given up his past achievements and joined the Chu army to start over, instead of returning to Datong to die...... If he can't see the shape clearly and insists on returning to Datong, Wang Kefan will take some extraordinary measures to prevent the Manchus from getting this good general.
The situation is different, treated differently, on the way from Luling to Jinggangshan, Wang Kefan has a lot of contact with Wang Fuchen, and will talk about his heart from time to time, but he keeps a certain distance from Gu Yanwu and Huang Zongxi, and has not had in-depth exchanges with each other.
No one is in a hurry. When you see it clearly, you can figure it out. Or if you have a question that you don't understand, you will naturally communicate.
In order to let Gu Yanwu and Wang Fuchen walk slowly with peace of mind, Wang Kefan sent people to Guilin first. Presented Jiang Jiu's recital to Emperor Longwu, and said good words to appease the two Gu Wang - the so-called sharpening of the knife is not a mistake in chopping wood, you have to give the court a buffer time to consider, and after sending the recital first, when we arrive in Guilin, Emperor Longwu is also thinking about maturity, and nothing will be delayed.
For the outcome of the war in Shanxi. Wang Kefan is not optimistic. Since Shanxi was located in the hinterland of the Manchu-controlled area, the Longwu Imperial Court could only support from the flank, even if it did its best. The result of Jiang Liang's defeat is difficult to reverse...... If you persist for a longer time, it will be more beneficial to Nanming.
The whip is out of reach!
Since the whip is beyond reach, there is no need to be too entangled, and there are more important ones. There are also more intractable issues that need to be addressed urgently.
A big mess on the military side is not to be said beforehand. What strategy to adopt after returning to Guilin, Wang Kefan did not completely think about it. Longwu's new policy has suffered a heavy setback, and it is necessary to carry out a resolute counterattack, but in order to catch mice, the houses cannot be demolished, and it is difficult to grasp the proportions in this.
If the attack is too light, the civil officials and gentry and landlords will not be hurt or itchy, and it will still be a huge hidden danger in the future.
It's too heavy. It will also break the balance of the situation and get rid of a declining Donglin Party. An even more difficult imperial party was fostered, and the alliance between the civil officials and the gentry and landlords became more unbreakable, but the Chuxun group became the target of public criticism.
"This kind of intrigue is really not funny!"
Wang Kefan was a lecturer at a military academy in his previous life, and military theory was his strong point; after several years of tempering, his actual combat command ability has also been greatly improved, and he is not inferior to famous Manchu generals such as Kong Youde and Tan Tai, and can win in battle. However, when it comes to political struggles, he is only a middle-class asset, and the direction of the general policy will not deviate too far, but the specific details are not delicate enough......
Stayed overnight in the Yin Hotel, and early the next morning, Wang Kefan and his party left the county seat and went to Jinggangshan accompanied by Tang Yonggang.
The season is flawless, there are no farmers plowing in the fields, and the yellow-brown land is bare, and there are no overwintering crops. As the peaks and loops turned, the terrain gradually rose and entered the real mountainous area, Huang Zongxi, Gu Yanwu and Zhu Ji all abandoned the bumpy carriage, or rode horses, or rode donkeys, but felt refreshed.
Turning the foot of the mountain, a wide valley suddenly comes into view, a clear river meanders and the banks are planted with green crops, lush and full of life!
"What's this?" Gu Yanwu was stunned for a moment, and urged him to take a closer look.
"It's wheat!" Wang Fuchen is a northerner, who grew up with snack pasta, and he recognized it at a glance.
"Yes, it's wheat that is planted!" Huang Zongxi nodded, and asked Tang Yonggang again: "If my guess is right, this should be a rice and wheat rotation, right?" One season of autumn rice was harvested, and another season of winter wheat was planted. ”
Tang Yonggang praised: "Mr. Lizhou is really familiar with agricultural affairs, and the county's official fields have been implementing rice and wheat rotation since two years ago, and the harvest has increased by 60% compared with previous years. ”
Huang Zongxi frowned: "Rice and wheat rotation, one year and two crops, of course, the harvest is more than a single season of autumn rice, but it is too laborious, Guixian County began to plant rice and wheat in rotation two years ago, and I am afraid that it will be fallow next winter." ”
"That's not necessary." Tang Yonggang said with a smile: "After planting the last season of winter wheat, planting another season of beans in the second year can make up for the field and increase the harvest in vain." ”
"Oh? This method is fresh, can planting beans supplement the field strength? Huang Zongxi was very interested.
"This is still a secret method taught by Wang Junmen." Tang Yonggang explained: "Whether it is soybeans, mung beans, mud beans, broad beans, or peas, as long as they are planted in the spring, they can protect the field......
Legume crops can fix nitrogen in the air and increase nitrogen in the soil, and using legume crops to participate in crop rotation can not only obtain a season of food, but also make up for the loss of nutrients in the soil, which is a good way to kill two birds with one stone.
"Does Wang Junmen still understand farming?" Gu Yanwu also became interested.
"I should understand...... Tang Yonggang was a little uncertain, and said: "Wang Junmen is busy with official affairs and will not stick to these mundane things, but in his later life, I heard that rice and wheat rotation and planting beans to replenish the field are all implemented by the military gate. ”
"Are those people building canals?" Wang Fuchen pointed ahead.
"Yes, the slack season is just to renovate the water conservancy, the rotation of water and drought can also increase the field strength, the county's official fields have been ripe in the past two years, not only pay the field in full, but also the people who rent the seeds also have no worries about food and clothing." Tang Yonggang showed a reserved smile, Yongning is a mountainous county, and if agricultural production can reach this level, his evaluation will definitely be outstanding.
"Oh, I heard Tang Daling say yesterday that the people of Yongning are willing to rent official land, why is this?" Huang Zongxi has been hiding this question in his heart since last night.
History of the Ming Dynasty? There is such a sentence in the Food and Goods Journal, "The system of Ming Tutian, where the second class: Guantian, Mintian." Translated into the vernacular, that is, the fields of the Ming Dynasty are divided into two kinds of official fields and private fields, if they are subdivided, the official fields include returning official fields, no official fields, broken into official fields, school fields, Huangzhuang, horse pastures, begging fields, hundred official fields, border ministers raising incorruptible fields, military tun fields, people tun fields, Shang Tun fields and so on.
In the Southern Ming Dynasty, the more important ones in the official fields mainly include those who do not have official fields, break into official fields, give begging fields, and give hundreds of official positions and military tuntian.
The begging field is the land owned by the princes, nobles and eunuchs, and the field of the hundred officials is the land owned by the minister of civil and military affairs.
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the land annexation was strict, and the main expression was on the begging field and the hundred official fields.
Due to the saving of begging fields and hundreds of official fields, princes and nobles, eunuchs in the inner court, princesses and ministers, and temples and Taoist temples not only owned a large amount of official land, but also put the encroached private land under the name of the official land, and the tenant farmers bore heavy land endowments, but they all fell into the hands of the landlords, and the court could not get a grain or a penny, and the greater the proportion of beggar fields and vocational fields in the national land, the more the state finances suffered.
The military tuntian is the land owned by the guards. It is a problem left over from history.
In the last years of the Ming Dynasty, the guards not only lost their combat effectiveness, but also the military tun system was also destroyed by Yanzhòng, a large number of military households fled, and the military fields were either abandoned or occupied by wealthy landlords, and the children of military households who did not flee became tenant farmers, and the imperial court did not get any income.
In Huguang and Jiangxi, especially in the territory of the Chu army, there are still many unofficial fields and broken official fields.
Wuguan land was originally a private land, but it was confiscated by the government and turned into an official land.
Huguang and most of Jiangxi were occupied by the Qing army, and after the Chu army recovered these lost territories, they vigorously cracked down on the traitors who surrendered to the Manchu Qing Dynasty, beheaded and confiscated all the most heinous crimes, confiscated all fields and real estate, and confiscated the amount of silver and land property if the crime was not too strict but had the behavior of the enemy.
The ownership of the official land is unknown, and it is reclaimed by the government and turned into official land.
Every time the Qing army went south, Huguang and Jiangxi had a large number of gentry and people fleeing, the gold and silver were soft and could be taken away, but the land and property could not be taken away, it became the spoils of the Qing army, and the Ming army and the Qing army had been tugging with each other for several years, and these fields and properties were also transferred to the owner several times, and finally became a confused account.
A land that originally belonged to the third of the local claim, the Qing army took it and rewarded it to the traitor Li Si, Li Si sold it to the Shunmin Wang Wu, and then the Ming army counterattacked, and then was snatched away by the warlord Zhao Liu, and sold to Sun Qi, the Qing army came again, the master became Zhou Ba, the Chu army recovered the lost land, suppressed the traitor lackey Zhou Ba, and regarded this land as a field of invalids, and gave it to Wu Jiu, a retired soldier of the loyal battalion, Wu Jiu did not want to be a farmer, so he sold this land to Zheng Shi, at this time, the third of the land came back......
In many cases, Zhang San may not be able to come back, or Zhou Ba will not die for his crimes, and the ownership of the field cannot be clarified, and it will finally be classified as an official field.
These official fields nominally belong to the government, but in the territory of the Chu army, the government may not listen to the orders of the imperial court, but they are all Wang Kefan's head, and invisibly, Wang Kefan has become a super large landowner with more than 100,000 acres of official land.
Guantian is generally a good field with high yield, so the field is heavier, coupled with a variety of harsh taxes and miscellaneous taxes, such as car foot money, water foot money, mouth money, treasury money, pu basket money, bamboo basket money, god and Buddha money, etc., are all common practices in all parts of the Ming Dynasty, so tenants are more willing to rent private land with relatively low cost of farming. (To be continued......)