Duan Siping (893-944), that is, the Taizu of Dali, the Bai nationality, the Xibi (now Xizhou) of Dali, is said to be a native of Jianchuan Yongbian, the founder of Dali and the founding emperor. [Full text reading. 】

Duan Siping's family has been a military general of Nanzhao for generations, and his father Duan Baolong is Nanzhao Buxie. Later Jin Tianfu two years (937 years), appointed as the envoy of the Tonghai Festival, because of the persecution of Yang Ganzhen, the lord of Dayining, then to reduce the tax and grain half, Kuaner for three years of servitude as the call, united slaves and serfs as the main uprising team, held an uprising, broke through Taihe City (in the north of today's Dali City), destroyed Yang Ganzhen's Dayi Ningguo, built Dali State, the year name Wende, with Yang Tho Baa City (now Dali City) as the capital. After ascending the throne, he carried out strict reforms and expelled the evil ministers of the Yang family. Easier system, loss of harsh orders. A complete set of feudal systems was established, so they returned to their hearts from far and near, and reunited the situation of division and war since the end of the Nanzhao Dynasty. Daxing is divided, believes in Buddhism, reigns for 8 years, builds temples every year, and casts 10,000 Buddhas. After his death, he was succeeded by his son Duan Siying, who was nicknamed the Holy Wenwu Emperor.

His real name is Duan Siping's era, the ethnic group of Dali State, the birthplace of the Bai nationality, Dali Ximei (now Xizhou), born in 893, died in 944, the main achievements are the establishment of Dali State, strict reform, hard work, development and production, the year name Wende, the name of Shenwu Temple, the name of Taizu, the name of the Holy Wenwu Emperor

Duan Siping is a Han Bai Man; According to the historical materials "History of Nanzhaoye", "A Brief Introduction to Baigu Tongji", and "Yunnan Chronicles", it is recorded: "Siping, the sixth grandson of Mengqingping Guanzhongguo, and the son of Buxie Baolong. Therefore, it can be concluded that Duan Siping is a Han Baiman. Although Duan Siping's ancestors were from a hairpin family and had a prominent reputation, by the time Duan Siping was born, his family was in decline and had become a declining nobleman.

Duan Siping was born in 893, when the power of the Nanzhao Mengshi had declined and palace coups were stacked. When Duan Siping was young, he lived in poverty every day, and when he was a little older, he made a living by shepherding sheep in the mountains. His family cultivated his ability to govern the world and his martial arts strategy, and his poor working life gave him the opportunity to get close to the lower classes of the people and observe the sufferings of the people. Due to Duan Siping's outstanding martial arts and outstanding talents, he was initially promoted to the rank of curtain leader, and later promoted to the envoy of the Tonghai Festival and became the general of the ruling party.

At that time, Nanzhao society was in the midst of change, and the Nanzhao regime had come to an end, and was successively replaced by Zheng Maihei's "Dachangheguo", Zhao Shanzheng's "Datianxingguo" and Yang Ganzhen's "Dayi Ningguo". These regimes have existed for a short time for most of the time, and when they change each other, they will inevitably kill each other, making the people's livelihood miserable and full of complaints. Duan Siping experienced the short-lived regimes of the Zheng, Yang, and Zhao families, and understood the importance of gaining the support of various ethnic groups. Duan Siping knew that the elite troops he had established in Tonghai could not compete with the Yang brothers, so he contacted other Bai surnames, secretly contacted the 37th Department of Eastern Yunnan, borrowed troops from the 37th Department of Eastern Yunnan and other departments, and launched a broad number of people to revolt in order to overthrow the Yang regime.

At that time, it was no accident that history chose Duan Siping, who was born in the Bai nationality. First of all, Duan Siping has the best understanding of the people's woes in his long-term contacts and exchanges with the working people. Clearly different from Zheng Maisi and others, as soon as Duan Siping raised the banner of the uprising, he put forward a slogan that hit the nail on the head and had great motivation: "Reduce taxes and grain by half, and be relieved of conscription for three years." This reflected the voice of the people of all strata who were under heavy taxation and heavy labor, and won their enthusiastic response and support. Second, Duan Siping had the outstanding ability to organize and lead the mass struggle and the indomitable fighting spirit. As early as the early days of his planning for the uprising, "all cattle and horses, roosters and dogs barking, etc., are cloudy, and Duan Siping will be king", indicating that Duan Siping's struggle has a broad mass base.

In 929, in order to avoid the persecution of Yang Ganzhen, Duan Siping temporarily left the Erhai area and moved to other regions to organize and launch the uprising. In the following seven years, there is no systematic written record of Duan Siping, but it is sporadically recorded that he obtained the "divine halberd" at the peasant home of "Pindian Boda Village", obtained the "divine ji" in Xiangyun Yejing Lake, and went to "borrow troops from the eastern black plan". In the past seven years, Duan Siping has been carrying out arduous and meticulous preparations. In this way, in 936, Duan Siping led the army to overthrow Yang Ganzhen's rule in one fell swoop, which was the inevitable result of the ripening of melons.

Duan Siping won the support of the 37th Department of Eastern Yunnan. At the same time, Duan Siping won the approval of the two "white barbarian" nobles of Gao and Dong in the Erhai region. When Duan Siping sent troops, Gao Fang took the lead in responding, and Dong Yingluo served as Duan Siping's military advisor.

On February 4, the second year of Tianfu of the Later Jin Dynasty (937), a large-scale uprising led by Duan Siping broke out. Duan Siping gathered the reinforcements of his younger brother Duan Siliang, the county guard Gaofang, and the 37th Department of Eastern Yunnan, and after careful organization and planning, finally the armies from all walks of life broke through Taihe City, destroyed the Great Yi Ning State, established the Dali State, and set the capital of Yang Tho Baa City (now Dali City), and built the year name Wende.

After Duan Siping established Dali, he also adjusted the class relations and ethnic relations left over from the reign of Nanzhao. The first was to affirm the economic and political status of the emerging Bai feudal lords, and to further support them. For example, Gao Fang, the feudal lord of the Bai nationality, was the marquis of Yue, in addition to recognizing his family's original territory in the Erhai region, he also gave the place of Juqiao (now Puning, Yunnan) as his hereditary territory; In addition to recognizing his family's original territory in the Erhai region, he also granted Chengji (now Yongsheng) his hereditary domain;

The rest of the Bai feudal lords in the Erhai region, such as the feudal estates of the Yang family, were also expanded. For the Bai and Yi village farmers in the Erhai area, the burden of taxes and grain was reduced and forced labor was waived for three years on the premise of recognizing the land they had previously used[6]. Slaves who were "guilty and have no offspring" were "pardoned," i.e., freed. For the ruled tribes and tribes, they were relieved of their collective slave status during the Nanzhao period, and were exempted from slave servitude [7]. The Dali regime was finally stabilized.

On the basis of establishing the feudal system and stabilizing the social order, Duan Siping began to make great efforts to develop production. He proposed: "The country is people-oriented, and the people take food as the sky", ordered swords and guns to be put into storage, horses to be released in Nanshan, water conservancy was built, farmland was reclaimed, and iron farming tools and advanced farming technology of the Han nationality were promoted. At the same time, it also encourages the development of animal husbandry and handicraft production, so that the social economy of Dali has been rapidly restored and developed in a short period of time, and "the people are rich" and have a stable life.

In the ninth year of Tianfu of the Later Jin Dynasty (944), Duan Siping died and was succeeded by his son Duan Siying. The temple name is Taizu, and the name is the Holy Wenwu Emperor.

After Duan Siping ascended the throne, he first made a promise before the uprising, freed slaves, reduced taxes, and pardoned forced labor for three years. At the same time, the old system during the strife of the six major families was completely abolished, and the harsh harsh orders were reformed. [8] After Duan Siping ascended the throne, he carried out strict reforms, "expelled all the evil ministers of the Yang family, and those who committed the most crimes were punished Shuang, showing violence and integrity." easier system, less harsh orders". Abolish slavery, establish and implement the feudal lord land ownership system, and reunify the situation of various ethnic groups and divisions divided and war-torn since the end of the Nanzhao Dynasty.

On the basis of establishing the feudal system and stabilizing the social order, Duan Siping began to make great efforts to develop production. He proposed: "The country is people-oriented, and the people take food as the sky", ordered swords and guns to be put into storage, horses to be released in Nanshan, water conservancy was built, farmland was reclaimed, and iron farming tools and advanced farming technology of the Han nationality were promoted. At the same time, it also encourages the development of animal husbandry and handicraft production, so that the social economy of Dali has been rapidly restored and developed in a short period of time.

During Duan Siping's reign, he carried out strict reforms and expelled the evil ministers of the Yang family. Easier system, loss of harsh orders. A complete set of feudal systems was established, so they returned to their hearts from far and near, and reunited the situation of division and war since the end of the Nanzhao Dynasty. Daxing is divided, believes in Buddhism, reigns for eight years, builds temples every year, and casts 10,000 Buddhas.

As an outstanding Han Bai Barbarian leader and politician, Duan Siping successfully led the great uprising of the people of all ethnic groups in Yunnan, overthrew the rule of Yang Ganzhen, destroyed the slavery system, established the state of Dali, completed the transition to feudal serfdom, and promoted the political, economic and cultural development of Dali and even the whole of Yunnan.

Once, Duan Siping went to Cangshan to graze cattle, and a cow suddenly spoke: "Siping is the king!" Siping is king! At the foot of the mountain, several grazing horses also called to him: "Siping is king!" Siping is king! When he returned home, the chickens in front of the door also shouted at him: "Siping is king!" Siping is king! These words were known to Yang Ganzhen, the king of Dayi Ningguo. He immediately ordered to arrest Duan Siping. But several times he sent people to arrest him, but he didn't catch it because Duan Siping was not at home. It turned out that Duan Siping knew that Yang Ganzhen had sent someone to arrest him, so he fled to the north overnight.

After Duan Siping fled to Pindian, Duan Siping picked up his spear and went hunting in Emperor Mountain. When he walked up the steep spot, he saw something shining with golden light, and when he got closer, it turned out to be a pair of gold saddles and silver bridles. He thought it might be useful in the future, so he took it to a nearby Dog Street pool to scrub it. At this time, a big red horse with a head like a dragon's head and a body like an elephant jumped out of the pool, and it ran towards Duan Siping while neighing loudly. Duan Siping was surprised and delighted, so he put the golden saddle and silver bridle on the dragon horse, stepped on the horse, and ran on the way home.

Duan Siliang and Dong Jialuo You felt very strange when they saw Duan Siping going out empty, riding a high-headed horse back. As soon as Duan Siping jumped off his horse, the two of them asked, "Where did you get your horse?" After Duan Siping explained the experience to the two of them, Dong Jialuo said: "It is no accident that you got the spear and the dragon horse, this must be the will of heaven." Duan Siping said: "From the rescue of the old man in Shangguan to the magic spear dragon horse, I also feel like a god is secretly helping." Dong Jialuo said: "Yang Ganzhen is tyrannical and unreasonable, the heavens are angry and the people are resentful, and the gods secretly help you, which means to help you as the Lord, you should not live up to the will of heaven and the people!" From then on, they began to recruit troops and horses, stepped up drills, and prepared to come to Japan to recruit Yang Ganzhen.

One day, a walnut seller came to Duan Siping and gave him a sack of walnuts, Duan Siping picked up the largest one and knocked it open, and found the word "Qingxi" in the shell. Duan Siping invited Dong Jialuo and asked, "Is it auspicious or fierce, please speak up to the military advisor." Dong Jialuo said, "The blue character is the twelfth month, the old character is the twenty-first day, and the day of your reign is the twenty-first day of the twelfth month." Duan Siping was very happy after hearing this, and said to the people around him: "If I can be the king, I will definitely repay you well, and I will also reduce the tax by half, exempt from labor for three years, and ensure the safety and health of the people." As long as we work together, we will definitely be able to overthrow the Great Righteous Ning Kingdom. When they heard this, they were so happy that they shouted "Long live".

During the attack on Dayining, Duan Siping invited Dong Jialuo to explain the dream. After hearing this, Dong Jialuo smiled and said: "Good dream, good dream, this dream couldn't be better!" Duan Siping asked puzzledly, "Why do you say it's a good dream?" Dong Jialuo said: "The husband is the husband, and the husband is the word 'heaven', which is the son of heaven; the jade ** lacks a mouth, which is the lack of a point next to the jade word, that is, the word 'king', which is the omen of the king; there is a shadow in the mirror, such as a person has an enemy, and the mirror is broken without a shadow, which is an invincible omen." These three things are good signs, and there is no need to worry about them. After hearing this, Duan Siping turned his worries into joy, and led his troops to battle that afternoon. But when he saw the pass full of knives and guns, he was a little overwhelmed. At this time, a měi nǚ suddenly appeared from the river in front of him and said to Duan Siping: "The soldiers cross the water from the end of the river, and the horses advance from the upper and lower Shaping, and you will definitely succeed." After winning the country, the name of the country was changed to Dali. "After saying that, it was gone.

Regarding the birth and founding of Duan Siping, in the areas of Dali, Eryuan, and Jianchuan, there are many legends, widely circulated, and there are many different theories.

The myths and legends of Duan Siping's spear, dragon horse, and Guanyin's indoctrination are not only passed down orally, but also recorded in historical books such as "The Cause of the White Kingdom" and "History of Nanzhaoye", but they are not as vivid and specific as those that are passed down orally among the people. In addition, among the many martial arts, there are also many descriptions of Duan Siping, and he is usually depicted as the first master of Dali and the founder of the Six Veins Divine Sword.

Duan Siping's mother's name is Ah Yuan, and it is said that she was born into the world of an immortal fetus. At that time, under the Wutai Peak of Cangshan Mountain, there was a thousand-year-old plum tree, which did not bear fruit for many years. One year, the old plum tree bore a plum. The plum grows when it sees the wind, and it grows as big as a winter melon in just a few months. One night, in the dead of night, the plum suddenly fell and broke in half, and in half of it lay a little girl with clear eyebrows, crying and screaming, and woke up a nearby couple surnamed Duan. They happened to have no children and no daughters, so they adopted the little girl. Because she was white and fat, she was named Sister Bai. Sister Bai is getting better and better-looking, and she is smart and capable, so many people in the village came to propose, but she didn't like any of them. In addition, the two old men were reluctant to marry her, so she stayed by the old man's side.

One day, she went to the Xiayi River to take a bath, and saw a broken log suddenly rushing towards her from the downstream, and she couldn't hide, and the wood touched her, and she became pregnant. Ten months later, she gave birth to a pair of chubby sons, the eldest named Siping, and the younger named Siliang.

After Duan Siping became the king of Dali, he was deeply loved by the people because of a series of measures to govern the country and secure the country, so after his death, many Bai villages in Dali and Eryuan respected him as the master to worship. The people of Heyang Village, Yinqiao Township, Dali are particularly respectful, build a temple for him, make a statue, and hold a grand ceremony to worship him on the day of the main festival of the eighth month of the lunar calendar every year.

Duan Siping, as the founding emperor of the Dali Empire, is also the ancestor of Duan Yu, one of the heroes of "Dragon Babu", a generation of martial arts masters, and created three peerless martial arts of Kurong Zen Gong, One Yang Finger and Six Veins Divine Sword, and is the first master of Weizhen's contemporary era.

Duan Siping is well versed in Buddhism, established Tianlong Temple, positioned Buddhism as the state religion of Dali, and opened up the political system of the Dali Empire.

(End of chapter)