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There is evil in human nature——?

Confucianism has always advocated governing the country by virtue and advocating virtue in the world, and its root is based on the goodness of human nature, so that it can educate the people with benevolence, righteousness, etiquette and music and act in the world with virtue. Pen | fun | pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

At this moment, Yu is a master of the Confucian generation, Meng Ke and Meng Fuzi were also slightly moved, and looked at Wei Zheng curiously. Motionlessly, he said, "The old man would like to hear what he is talking about——! ”

After an uproar, all the sons and hundreds of schools in the palace said in unison: "I would like to hear Wei Li's argument——! ”

Seeing this situation, the school palace commander raised his hands to signal the princes to be quiet, so he said: "Jixia school palace, there is no end to words, everyone can talk about it." ”

The hundreds of schools of thought were also silent, so they all raised their eyes to look at Wei Zheng, wanting to hear his so-called evil in human nature.

A pair of eyes converged on Wei Zheng, at this moment, it had become a dispute between Confucianism and law, Wei Zheng first bowed to Mencius and then saluted the sons and hundreds of scholars in return.

After pondering for a while, Wei Zheng thought of the Confucian "Analects" before talking about human nature, which contained the deeds of Confucius's student Zigong, and he was sure in his heart, so he said: "In the past, when I heard that Jingzi was called Zigong, I said: The gentleman is just a gentleman, why is it a text?" ”

The meaning of this sentence is to say: A gentleman, since he has noble qualities, why not show it directly? Why do you still have to use etiquette to express it, why do you still talk about literature and dress well?

I saw Wei Zheng say again: "Zigong said: Sorry! The master said, the gentleman also. Tongue-in-cheek. The quality of the text is also, and the quality is still the text. Tiger and leopard of 鞟 (kuò) of dogs and sheep? ”

Zigong replied to Jingzi's meaning: That's a tragedy, buddy! How can the gentleman say this, if you say it, it will be the water that will be spilled, and when you say it, you will not be able to catch up with four horses, and you will never be able to take it back. Haw, leopard, dogs and sheep all have fur, but the difference between them is that the fur of the tiger and leopard has lace lines, while the dog and sheep do not, if the fur of the tiger and leopard dog and sheep is shaved, then there is no difference between them. Therefore, the gentleman is like a tiger and a leopard, the literary quality is like a lace pattern, and the villain is like a dog and sheep without a lace pattern. Is there a difference between a tiger and a leopard without lace and a dog or sheep? In the same way, is there a difference between a gentleman and a villain if he has no literary etiquette? It is precisely because of the gentleman that he needs to be literate, moral, benevolent, righteous and etiquette, so as to distinguish the gentleman and the villain.

Wei Zheng, who wants to argue about the good and evil of human nature, opens by introducing the classics of Confucian ancestors and celebrities, and everyone, including Mencius himself, does not know what medicine he sells in his gourd.

"Of course, it is also ——!" Weiwen Mencius nodded in agreement, although I don't know why Wei Zheng led to Zigong's deeds, but this is indeed a fact, Zigong is also a Confucian person, and he is also one of Confucius's proud disciples, which is also a classic thought on behalf of Confucianism, so it is natural to affirm.

"Non-——!" Wei Zheng denied Zigong's classics after he introduced them.

"I wish to hear the high ——!" Mencius said coldly when he heard this.

I saw Wei Zheng say unhurriedly: "Zigong's theory, Wei Li doesn't dare to agree. As the saying goes, ice and charcoal are different for a long time, and cold and heat come from time to time. ”

Just as red-hot coal and ice cannot coexist in the same vessel, and just as winter and summer cannot come at the same time, Wei Zheng meant to oppose Zigong's remarks on the grounds of inconsistency.

As soon as these words came out, all the sons and hundreds of schools felt that what Wei Zheng said made sense, and Mencius also put away some contempt for this young so-called Legalist when he heard it.

Wei Zheng continued to speak: "...... Yes, the etiquette is the emotion, and the text is the quality. ”

Historically, this sentence came from Han Fei decades later, but now, it came from Wei Zheng's mouth......

The idiom of etiquette is from Han Fei, and the meaning of this sentence is a conclusion, that is: Wencai and etiquette are the decoration of human nature, just like a piece of jade, which needs to be processed and modified to be beautiful.

Wei Zheng's words led to the next conclusion.

"Why? Clumsy too——! Wei Zheng asked and answered himself to the hundreds of schools, Mencius on the seat changed slightly when he heard it, all the sons present were well-educated, Wei Zheng did not directly name the surname, but the discerning people could hear that the so-called clumsy one was alluding to Confucianism's way of governing the country by advocating benevolence, righteousness, etiquette and happiness.

In order to prove his assertion, Wei Zheng took out two things as a metaphor: "The beauty of the harmony is not decorated with colors; The pearl of Suihou is not decorated with silver yellow. ”

He Shibi can be described as a famous person today, and when his senior brother Zhang Yi was still in Chu State, he was innocently shot by Zhaoyang Ling for stealing jade, and was almost killed, and Chu State couldn't get along so he went to Qin State.

Wei Zheng said that the world's famous pearls and jade are all pure natural beauty without any modification, and saying it on this contention platform means to tell the hundred schools of thought that the beautiful things in the world do not need any modification, so everything that needs to be modified means that its essence is bad and not beautiful.

Wei Zheng's human nature debate on this Confucianism controversy is to indirectly tell everyone that if human nature and human hearts need to be decorated with benevolence, righteousness, etiquette, music, and literary brilliance, it means that the essence of human nature is not good, so it needs decorations to cover up his stains, so that people think it is good, but it is not.

Now everyone understands why Wei Zheng has to introduce Confucian classics at the beginning.

In this way, it is tantamount to picking up the stick of Confucianism and knocking it on the head of Confucianism, and such a counterattack is a fatal blow to Confucianism.

Doesn't it mean that the more Confucianism tries to maintain the system of etiquette and music, it shows that human nature is evil.

"Wei Li's Theory, Color ——!"

Brush it, the hall is full of applause, especially the soldiers, Mohists and other schools that have been arguing with Confucianism just "lying on the gun" are all applauding, seeing that Confucianism has planted a big heel here in Legalism, there are many happy people.

Among the hundreds of schools of thought here, the people of the Confucian faction are all discolored, and if Mengfuzi can't refute it, the reputation of Confucianism will inevitably be hit hard? However, Meng Ke is known as eloquent in the world, and few people can talk about it, so naturally it is impossible to lose so easily.

There is no vanity under the fame.

But Mencius just had a bad temper.

Smack——!

Meng Fuzi on the seat suddenly made a few big shots, and said with a slightly angry face: "At this time, such a statement that still distinguishes between truth and falsehood, reversing right and wrong, and putting the cart before the horse, isn't it a joke in the world——? ”

The Confucian view is exactly the opposite of Wei Zheng's rebuttal. The Confucian point of view is that it is precisely because he is a gentleman that he has literary talents, so he will talk about benevolence, righteousness and etiquette, will the villain tell you this?

Apparently not!

In the eyes of Legalism it is contradictory, but in Confucianism pressure is the opposite.

All of a sudden, the debate between Confucianism and law was against each other.

Between the two sides, it has reached the point where the public says that the public is reasonable, and the mother-in-law says that the mother-in-law is reasonable.

There is still no result of who is right and who is wrong, the winner is still undecided, and the debate and contention will certainly continue.

It is impossible for Mencius to convince the public with a single scolding, and he has to refute Wei Zheng, and he must make his claim tenable. Therefore, the current Mencius has been "forced to go to Liangshan" and must fight!

In the final analysis, this debate is the question of good and evil in human nature, which is the basis of everything.

Kindness is virtue, and with virtue it can be practiced to educate with etiquette and music, so that the Confucian proposition can stand on its feet in the world and resolve this crisis.

Finally.

The school palace argues for the hall, but Mencius said leisurely: "The old man also disagrees with the remarks. The goodness of human nature is also like the water, and it can be good, which is the so-called good! It is to flow water to a low place, and people to go to a high place, and to consolidate the essence of human nature to be good. However, the flow of water can also go upward, why not? It is man-made to build an embankment to prevent its water from flowing downstream, so the water can also go up. In the same way, human nature tends to be evil, which is evil! ”

Mencius meant that human nature can be good, but if someone forces him to do evil, he will do evil, just as water originally flows downward, which is a matter of common sense, and if a dam is built to block the water, the water will also go up.

"Human nature is good, Mengfuzi said, color ——!"

As soon as Mencius's rebuttal came out, cheers suddenly sounded in the debate hall, especially the disciples of Confucianism, who were excited by the melon-eating masses, and had a feeling of turning defeat into victory.

Mencius was unmoved on the surface, but in his heart he couldn't help but be slightly happy for winning back a game, in order not to give Wei Zheng room to refute, so he said: "How can people be good? ”

Why is human nature good? One by one, their eyes turned to Meng Ke on the seat.

"Dare to love Meng Fuzi to advise ——!" Wei Zheng, who was sitting on the stage, bowed slightly, and said humbly, but he also seemed neither humble nor arrogant, calm and calm.

However, Mencius said leisurely: "Everyone has compassion; Everyone has a heart of shame; Respectful heart is shared by everyone; Everyone has the heart of right and wrong. compassion, benevolence; The heart of shame is also righteousness; Respectful heart, courtesy; The heart of right and wrong, wisdom also. Benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom are not imposed on me from the outside, but also by my inherentness. Therefore, if you ask, you will get it, and if you give it, you will lose it. Full ——! ”

Benevolence, righteousness, propriety, and wisdom are compassion, shame, respect, and right and wrong, and everyone has them, and these are not imposed on me by external factors, but are inherent in me, and I don't think about it so I don't notice it, so I can get it when I seek it, and I lose it when I give it up.

Obviously, the implication of Mencius's four-end theory is that it is precisely because people have the heart of benevolence, righteousness, propriety, and wisdom that human nature is good, so the Zhou rites are feasible, and the Zhou rites are carried out, the world is stable, the people live and work in peace and contentment, and there is no war in the world; It is precisely because of the abandonment of the Zhou Rite that it has led to today's chaos, turmoil and endless disasters.

As soon as these words came out, there was a burst of applause, especially the disciples of Confucianism, who were all excited.

Now you Wei Li should be speechless, right? Isn't it the absurd argument that you, a Legalist, still want to say that people in the world do not have benevolence, righteousness, propriety, and wisdom?

But that's just the beginning!

……