After conducting driving training on various restricted road terrains, the training team began to conduct night tank driving training. Pen @ fun @ pavilion wWw. ｂｉｑUｇE。 ｉｎｆｏ

Active infrared night vision devices, passive infrared night vision devices and low-light night vision devices are mainly used on modern tanks.

Infrared night vision device is a night vision instrument that uses infrared rays emitted or reflected by targets (objects, people) to observe.

Modern tanks are equipped with infrared night vision for the driver, infrared night vision for the commander, infrared night vision for the commander of the gun, and infrared night sight for the commander of the gun.

The active infrared night vision device relies on its own infrared light source---- infrared searchlight to illuminate the target, and uses the infrared rays reflected by the target to convert it into a visible image, which is composed of three parts: infrared searchlight, observation mirror and power supply.

Due to the low temperature of natural objects, the infrared energy radiated is very small, which cannot meet the imaging requirements of the instrument, so an infrared searchlight or an incandescent searchlight with infrared filter glass is needed to emit infrared radiation that is invisible to the human eye.

At present, the sight distance of the tank driver's infrared night vision device (target tank) is 60~100 meters, the sight distance of the commander's infrared night vision device (target tank) is 800~1000 meters, and the sight distance of the gun commander's infrared night sight is 1200 meters, and some can reach 1500 meters.

Active infrared night vision device because there is an infrared searchlight illumination scene, the beam irradiated to the target will make the scene form a more significant contrast between light and dark, so the image is clear, conducive to observation but easy to self-expose and attract fire attack, and the scope of observation is limited to the illuminated scene, the sight distance is also limited by the size and power of the searchlight, the infrared searchlight is easy to be damaged, so it is gradually replaced by a variety of passive night vision instruments.

Speaking of low-light night vision devices, an instrument that uses the glimmer of the night sky and magnifies it to make the human eye see the target image is called a low-light night vision device.

The overall structure of the low-light night vision device is basically the same as that of the active infrared night vision device, the only difference is that the infrared light source - infrared searchlight is omitted, so it is a passive night vision instrument.

The key component of the low-light night vision device is the image intensifier, which converts the image of the scene that is indistinguishable by the human eye under the dim night sky light into a visible image that can be seen by the human eye.

The low-light night vision device has a simple structure, small size, and less power consumption, especially the infrared light source that does not require artificial use, so it is safe and reliable to use, and it is not easy to be exposed, thus improving the concealment of the tank at night.

The observation effect and action distance of the low-light night vision device are greatly affected by the natural illumination of the surrounding environment---- the brightness of starlight or glow and the transparency of the atmosphere, and it can hardly work in total darkness.

Compared to active infrared night vision devices, the image is not as clear as the latter. In particular, dense clouds in the sky and smoke close to the ground and non-directional scattering will significantly reduce the illumination and contrast of the scene, which will seriously affect the observation effect.

So some tanks are also equipped with active infrared night vision devices or passive infrared night vision devices at the same time.

The low-light night vision device using a cascaded image intensifier can basically meet the tactical performance requirements, but it will produce blurring phenomena when encountering muzzle flames, explosive flashes, etc., and the last level of image is still distorted, so it has to be interrupted from time to time.

Inserting a device with electron multiplication function between the photocathode and the phosphor screen of the image intensifier avoids the blurring caused by flashing.

At present, the night vision distance of the more advanced low-light night vision devices has reached 1,600 meters under the starlight and 2,700 meters under the moonlight.

As we all know, the rattlesnake's eyes have degenerated to the point of becoming blind, but it can quickly catch mice and other small animals, because the small "cheek socket" between the eyes and nose of the rattlesnake is a heat-sensitive organ that can receive infrared radiation emitted from the small animal, and it can feel the change in the surrounding temperature at 0.003 °C, and can set the direction to guide the rattlesnake to hunt for food.

Passive infrared night vision devices are developed based on this phenomenon.

It is a kind of night vision device that uses infrared detectors to receive the radiation difference between the target and the background and between the various parts of the target to form a visible image and display.

It can be observed and aimed using the faint infrared light source emitted by the human body and tank engine exhaust gas.

Because it works in the thermal infrared band of 8~14 microns, it can record the thermal radiation distribution image of the scene at room temperature and convert it into a visible light image for display, so it is also called a thermal imager. Both the M-1 and Leopard II tanks are armed with thermal imagers.

The passive infrared night vision device itself has no infrared light source, and only relies on the thermal radiation imaging generated by the temperature difference between the target and the background and between various parts of the target, so it is not affected by the natural lighting conditions of the surrounding environment;

It can be used to observe targets through fog, rain, and snow, and even through sparse jungles, and can detect the location of hidden vehicles and artillery through camouflage, and even identify the outline of "heat marks" left by aircraft that have just taken off at the airport;

It has good concealment, is not easy to be discovered and interfered with by the enemy, and is safe and reliable to use;

It does not have a blinding effect due to muzzle flames, bomb explosions, etc.;

For tank engines and freshly fired barrels and other targets with strong sources of thermal radiation, its line-of-sight range can reach several kilometers.

The visual distance of the passive infrared night vision device equipped with modern and more advanced main battle tanks is generally 1200~1500 meters, and the maximum has reached 3000 meters.

However, the thermal imager requires additional refrigeration equipment, which is not easy to ensure timely replacement; The gas cylinder for cooling the detector is not easy to obtain, and the contamination of the refrigerator system after the bottle change is also a problem, the angle resolution is still relatively low, and the details of the target are difficult to identify;

The temperature contrast image it displays is different from the visible light contrast image, and people are not used to observing it;

The enemy may be able to maneuver as usual under the cover of a smoke screen containing anti-infrared agents or camouflage devices equipped with anti-thermal infrared reconnaissance.

In short, because the tank is equipped with these night vision devices, it can see the surrounding targets clearly at night, so the tank has become an expert in night combat.

Compared with foreign armies that rely on relatively advanced night vision instruments to carry out night operations, our army mainly has two main ways of conducting night operations.

The first is to turn on the headlights and drive at night.

The second is to use luminous infrared night vision devices for night driving.

According to the arrangement of the training plan, night driving training will be conducted tonight, mainly by using infrared night vision devices.

Yang Wenbin boarded the tank, put on infrared night vision devices, and began to observe.

Compared to the daytime, the familiar scene outside has changed color when viewed through infrared night vision.

Objects and landscapes have become light green, and objects have become almost black in shaded and damp places.

Moreover, it is also very difficult to judge the terrain.

From this point of view, it is still more difficult to judge the disposal situation when driving at night, and it is not easy to control the tank in a timely and correct manner according to the terrain.

Through the night vision device, Yang Wenbin observed the familiar driving training site, in the night vision device, the shape of the soil ridge can be seen more clearly, the upper end of the slope is brighter than the lower end, the brightness of the upper and lower ends is poor, the steeper the slope, the more obvious.

From the night vision device, the brightness of the vertical wall is higher than that of the soil ridge, and the space on the ridge line is a dark shadow, and the boundary is relatively clear. When going uphill, the brightness is similar to that of flat land, and it is not easy to distinguish.

The trench, which usually looks clear at a glance, appears bright on both sides at night, with a dark shadow in between.

And the ditch that I passed through during the day, the water in it turned dark green and there was no reflection.

Yang Wenbin observed the road again.

Under the night vision signal, the road is clearly seen on both sides of the road up or down on both sides.

When you reach the open space, there are many tracked fields, and there is no obvious landform, so it is easy to get lost.

Since it was training, the assistant instructor still sat on top of the hatch of the tank and reminded the driver in case of deviation.

Yang Wenbin turned off the headlights, put on the night vision device, and drove the tank, he followed the familiar road during the day, under the guidance of the night vision device, first on the flat ground, ran a hundred meters of 100 meters to increase and decrease gears, and then, crossed the soil ridge, aligned the rutted bridge, bumped in the undulating ground, experienced a circle of infrared night vision driving, and stopped.