As a monarch, he should call his courtiers according to the requirements of etiquette, and his courtiers should serve the monarch with a loyal attitude. Since ancient times, people have always died, and if the common people do not trust the rulers, then the state cannot exist. If we want to handle political affairs well, those in power should ensure that everyone can perform their duties and get their own place, try to forgive small mistakes, and must reuse virtuous people in employing people. Before we do things, we must first correct our reputation, because if we don't have a proper reputation, we won't be able to speak properly and reasonably; If you don't speak properly and reasonably, things can't be done; If things cannot be done, the rites and music will not flourish; If the rites and pleasures do not flourish, the punishment will not be carried out properly; If the punishment is not properly enforced, the people will not know what to do. Therefore, before a gentleman does something, he must first set a name, and this title must be able to speak clearly and be able to say it. A gentleman will never be so-so about his words and deeds.

If the politicians themselves are upright, even if they don't issue orders, the people will take the initiative to do it; If you are not right, even if you issue an order, the people will not obey it. Only when the incumbent makes those who are near him happy, can he make those who are far away come and join him. When we do things, we will fail to achieve our goals if we seek speed, and we will not be able to achieve great things if we are greedy for small profits. In terms of governing the country, the only person who can govern the world by doing nothing is Shun, right? What did he do? It's just sitting solemnly on the throne of the imperial court. A true gentleman does not suffer any sacrifice while giving benefits to others; Have perseverance, work hard to do things; There is **, but it will not be overly greedy for it; There is personal cultivation, there is virtue, but it is not scary.

(7) Concerning the evaluation of people and events. Confucius said: Ning Wuzi, when the country has a way, he is very smart, and when the country has no way, he begins to pretend to be stupid; His kind of cleverness can be learned by others, but his kind of pretending to be stupid cannot be learned by others. Confucius had great respect for the prince of Zheng Guo, and he said when he commented on the son: Zichan has the four virtues of a gentleman, and he himself behaves solemnly, serving the monarch respectfully, caring for the people, and serving the people with the law. Yanzi is a person who is good at making friends with people, and after knowing him for a long time, others will still respect him.

Confucius admired the great doctor of the country, Uncle Wenzi, so he asked the patriotic man Gongmingjia about Uncle Wenzi, and Confucius asked: Is it true that the old man Uncle Wenzi does not speak, smiles, or take money? After hearing this, Gongming Jia replied with a smile: This may be that the person who sent the message said too exaggeratedly, so that people have such an impression of Uncle Wenzi. Uncle Wenzi will only say it when it is time to speak, so that others will not hate him for talking; He only laughs when he is really happy, so others will not hate him laughing; He will only take it when it is proper for propriety, so that others will not be disgusted with him taking it.

(8) About the personality of Confucius. Wei Linggong asked Confucius for advice on how to line up the army, and Confucius replied: If it is a matter of sacrificial etiquette, I have heard of it; But I have never learned anything about fighting with soldiers; The next day, Confucius left the country. Gongboliao reported Zilu to Ji Sun, and Zifu Jingbo told Confucius about it, and said: Jisun has been bewitched by Gongboliao, and my strength can kill Gongboliao and put his body in the city; After hearing this, Confucius replied: If the Tao can be implemented, it is determined by the mandate of heaven; If the Tao cannot be implemented, it is also determined by the mandate of heaven, what can Gongboliao do with the mandate of heaven?

Chen Sifu asked Confucius: Does Lu Zhaogong know how to be polite? Confucius said: Yes. After Confucius left, Chen Sifu made a gesture to Wu Ma Qi next to him and asked him to approach him, and then said to him: I heard that a gentleman has no partiality, so does a gentleman still protect others? Lu Zhaogong married a woman with the same surname as his wife in the state of Wu, who was the same surname of the monarch, and everyone called her Wu Mengzi. If Lu Zhaogong is considered to know etiquette, then who in the world does not know etiquette? Later, Wu Ma Qi told Confucius this sentence, and Confucius sighed after hearing it: A gentleman is really lucky, if he has a deviation, others will definitely find out and point it out.

Confucius wanted to live in an uncivilized place in the East, and someone said to him: "There is a closed culture, why do you live there?" Confucius replied: If a gentleman goes to live there, what will be the obsession? When a gentleman learns etiquette, he will love others; When the common people learn the rites and music, it is easy to call. If wealth is in accordance with the Tao, we can pursue it, even if it is an inferior errand that gives a whip to others. If wealth is not in line with the Tao, there is no need to pursue it, so it is better to do things according to your hobbies! Eating whole grains, drinking plain water, and bending your arms as pillows, this is the pleasure; Wealth gained by unfair means is like a cloud in the sky to me.

I never complained about the fate that God gave me, nor did I start complaining about others whenever I encountered a setback; By learning ordinary knowledge, understanding the philosophy, and gaining the true meaning of life, the only thing that understands me is heaven! I am very careful about three things, which are fasting, war, and sickness. I never talk about weirdness, violence, chaos, ghosts, and the like; I seldom talk about interests, but I am in favor of destiny and benevolence. I didn't limit myself to drinking, but I never got drunk; I don't talk anymore when I'm eating, and I don't talk anymore when I'm sleeping.

(9) The evaluation of Confucius by his disciples and the people of his time. Zigong commented on his teacher Confucius, saying: The master is gentle, kind and straightforward, respectful and dignified, diligent and thrifty, courteous and humble. The governor of this place wanted to see Confucius, and he said, "As long as a talented and virtuous person comes to me, I have no reason not to visit him; Confucius's students took him to see Confucius, and when the man came out, he said, "Why should you worry about the collapse of social etiquette?" It's been a long time since the world was out of the right path, and God wants your teacher to be the savior! Once, when Zilu was spending the night at Shimen, the city guards asked him: Where did you come from? Zilu replied: From Confucius. After hearing this, the gatekeeper asked: Is it the one who knows that he can't do it but still wants to do it?

(10) About the disciples of Confucius. The disciples of Confucius include Fusheng Yanzi, Zongsheng Zengzi, Yasheng Mengzi and Shusheng Zi Sizi. Among the ten philosophies of Confucius, the virtues are: Yan Hui, Min Ziqian, Ran Boniu, and Ran Yong; Those who are good at rhetoric are: Zai me, Zigong; Those who are good at political affairs are: Ran You, Zilu; Those who are proficient in literature knowledge are: Ziyou and Zixia.