(3) About dealing with the world. Confucius said: I have never been afraid that others will not understand me, I am just afraid that I will not be able to understand others. If we want to understand a person, we should think about the motives of his words and actions, observe the path he is taking, and examine what he is doing, so that the person's condition cannot be hidden. It is not a ghost or god that we should worship, but we worship it, that is flattery; When we see something that we should stand up for, we stand by and watch, and that is cowardice. If you're not in that position, don't think about that position. It is easy for a person to be rich and not proud, but it is very difficult for a person to be poor and be able to do it without resentment. As human beings, we should repay others' resentment towards us with integrity, and repay others' kindness towards us with kindness.

If we don't talk to a friend what we can say to him, we will lose our friends; If we speak to this man what we cannot say to him, then we say the wrong thing. A wise man will neither lose a friend nor say the wrong thing. If a person does not have a long-term consideration, he will definitely have immediate troubles. We need to blame ourselves more and others less, so that others do not resent you. If you are a man who often speaks flatteringly, he will ruin his own virtue; If you can't endure the little things, you will ruin the big things. A man, if everybody is disgusted with him, then I have to examine him; If everybody likes him, then I'm going to look at him even more. In fact, there are people who are disgusted, and gentlemen are disgusted with those who preach the bad things of others everywhere, those who are inferior and slander those who are superior, those who are brave and do not know etiquette, and those who are stubborn and unreasonable.

(4) On teaching. Confucius said: It is a very pleasant thing to review and practice the knowledge you have learned. It's a great joy to have like-minded people come from afar; Others don't understand me, and I don't resent or get angry, this is the mind that a virtuous gentleman should have. It is not difficult for me to silently remember what I have learned, not to feel that learning is a boring thing, and to teach people never to know that they are tired. In fact, human nature is similar, and because of their different habits, everyone gradually became different. When reviewing old knowledge, if we can get new insights and make new discoveries, then we can be teachers. Education is accessible to everyone, regardless of ethnicity.

I teach my students, mainly in the four contents of literature, conduct, loyalty, and faithfulness. There is a kind of education that is silent, like God, it never speaks, but the seasons run as usual, and all things grow as usual; Sometimes, words can only convey one meaning at best. I often tell my students that knowing is knowing, and not knowing is not knowing, and this is true wisdom. My ambition is to reassure the elderly, to make my friends trust me, and to care for the young. When I was fifteen years old, I was determined to study, when I was thirty years old, I was able to stand on my own, when I was forty years old, I was able to not be confused by things in the outside world, when I was fifty years old, I understood the destiny of heaven, when I was sixty years old, I was able to deal with all kinds of remarks correctly and not feel unpleasant, and when I was seventy years old, I was able to do whatever I wanted without going out of the rules, hehe.

In my life, I only expounded and did not create, because I liked ancient things very much, and more importantly, I believed in ancient things. Ye Gong once asked Zilu what kind of person Confucius was, but Zilu didn't answer for a while; When Confucius found out, he said to Zilu: Why don't you say that, he is a person who works so hard that he even forgets to eat, and he is so happy that he forgets all his worries, and he doesn't know that he is about to get old. When we are usually studying, we must pay attention to listening more and choose the best places to learn; Look at them more and keep them in your heart. I used to skip meals all day and never sleep all night, thinking all the time, and then I realized that it was not as good as studying. If we only read and study, but do not think about problems, we will be ignorant and have no gain. If it's just a fantasy and we don't read and study, then we will be confused and uncertain.

When we are in front of our parents, we are to be filial to them. When you go out, you must listen to the teachings of your teacher; Learn to be cautious in your words and deeds, be honest and trustworthy, speak as little as possible, love people widely, and be close to those who are kind; If you still have the energy to practice like this, you can learn the knowledge from the books again. A gentleman does not seek to be full in food and comfortable in living, but he is diligent and agile in his work, and he is very cautious when he speaks; Moreover, the gentleman is also very studious, and often goes to the people of the Tao to correct himself.

If a person loves benevolence but not learning, his disadvantage is that he is easily fooled. If you love wisdom but not learning, its disadvantage is that it is easy to behave in debauchery; If he loves faithfulness but not learning, his disadvantage is that he will be confined to small faith and thief will harm himself; If you like to be straightforward and not like to learn, its disadvantage is that you speak harshly; If you love to be brave and not like to learn, its disadvantage is that it is easy to make trouble; If he loves to be strong but not like to learn, his disadvantage is that he is prone to arrogance.

(5) Concerning poetry and liturgical music. Confucius said: People's cultivation begins from the study of the Book of Songs, people's self-reliance begins from learning etiquette, and the completion of studies is after learning music; If we don't learn the Book of Songs, we won't know how to speak, and if we don't learn etiquette, we won't know how to stand. There are 300 articles in the Book of Songs, and we can summarize it in four words, that is, "pure thought". If we are usually respectful and do not use courtesy to guide us, it will be in vain. If we are only cautious and do not use courtesy to guide us, it will make us cringe; If we are only brave and not guided by courtesy, then we will be bitter when we speak.

If the high king can be loyal and affectionate to his relatives, then the common people will naturally embark on the path of benevolence; Only in this way will the etiquette and benevolence of the ancients not be corrupted and lost, and the people will not steal and pervert the law. If the people in the upper position like courtesy, the people below will naturally be easy to manage. Confucius once heard the music of "Shao" in the country of Qi, and after a long time he could not taste the taste of meat, he exclaimed: I can't imagine that the beauty of "Shao" music has reached such a charming point!

(6) On politics. Confucius said: In order to govern a country with 1,000 military chariots well, the king must handle state affairs rigorously and conscientiously, abide by his credits, be honest and undeceiving, save money, take care of his ministers, and do not delay their agricultural time when serving the people. The monarch of the Zhou Dynasty used moral education to govern political affairs, and he was like the North Star, he lived in a certain direction, and the stars would surround him. As a monarch, if you treat the people with a solemn attitude, the people will respect you; If you are filial to your parents and kind to your children, the people will be loyal to you; If you choose a kind person as an official, and you can educate people with poor ability, the common people will naturally encourage each other and redouble their efforts.