In the autumn and September of the third year of the early Huang dynasty (222), Cao Pi officially sent troops to the south, and the Wei army marched south in three ways. Pen % fun % Pavilion www.biquge.info

[The Great War Begins]

In the autumn and September of the third year of the early Huang Dynasty (222), Emperor Cao Pi of Wei Wen set out from Xuchang to lead his troops to the south, and divided the troops into several ways to march together, at that time the imperial court ordered Cao Xiu, Zhang Liao, and Zang Ba to send troops to Dongpukou (here Wu is mostly called Dongkou, Wei is mostly called Dongpu, also known as Dongpukou), Cao Ren sent troops to Suwu, Cao Zhen, Xiahou Shang, Zhang He, Xu Huang led the army to besiege Nanjun. On November 11 of the same year, Cao Pi arrived in Wandi.

Sun Quan relied on the Yangtze River to refuse, he sent Lü Fan and others to lead five armies to resist Cao Xiu and others from the waterway, Zhuge Jin, Pan Zhang, and Yang Cang went to the rescue of Nanjun, and Zhu Huan resisted Cao Ren as the governor of the river.

At that time, most of the Yang and Yue barbarian ethnic minorities had not yet been pacified, and the internal troubles had not been eliminated, so Sun Quan respectfully and humbly wrote to Emperor Wen of Wei, asking for permission to correct his sins: "If my crimes are difficult to get rid of, I will not be seen, and I should return the land and people you have rewarded, and ask me to send them to Jiaozhou, but I will live for the rest of my life." ”

Emperor Wei Wen replied: "You were born in a world of great turmoil, and you already have great ambitions to dominate the world, but you have lowered your status to serve Wei and enjoy the current reward. Since you were crowned King of Wu, the tributes have been endless. Crusade against Liu Bei's exploits, and the country depends on you for success. If you are capricious, the ancients regarded it as a shameful thing. Between me and you, the status of the monarch and the minister has been determined, are you willing to work hard to make an expedition to Jiang and Han? The discussion of the imperial court, the monarch must not be arbitrary, and the mistakes of the three princes are all well-founded. I am not wise, although I have the doubts of my great-mother, but I still hope that what they say is not credible, and I will take it as a blessing for the country. Therefore, I will first send an envoy to reward you, and then send Shangshu and Shizhong to rebuild the former alliance with you and swear an oath to you, and agree with you about sending the prince as a hostage. It is quite strange that you excused yourself and did not intend to let the prince come. Let the former Governor Haozhou persuade you to send the prince, which is actually a plan agreed upon by the courtiers, in order to test your sincerity, you really excused yourself, and cited Kui Huan to send the son into the hostage and finally betrayed him as an example, and internally he said that Dou Rong was loyal although he did not send the son into the hostage. The times are different, and people's hearts are different. After returning to the court, Hao Zhou interceded for you with his fingers, and made the ministers of the deliberations more and more aware of your suspicions (Note 1), and there was no basis for your so-called assurances to always serve the imperial court, so I reluctantly agreed to the ministers' suggestions. Now I have read your above table, which is sincere and profound, which makes people feel emotional, sad and touching. I issued an edict on the same day, ordering all armies to dig deep trenches and build high barriers, and not to advance rashly. If you must show your loyalty and clear everyone of suspicion of you, Sun Deng will come to the court as a hostage in the morning, and I will order all the troops to withdraw in the evening. The sincerity of what I said is as irreversible as the Yangtze River! ”

Sun Quan was unwilling to proton, so he no longer negotiated peace with Cao Pi and decided to fight, and in this year Sun Quan changed to Huangwu, which also marked the beginning of the end of the short peace between Cao Wei and Jiangdong since the twenty-second year of Jian'an (217).

【Compound Liu Bei】

After Sun Quan fell out with Cao Pi again, he soon sent an envoy to reunite Liu Bei, and Sun Liu reached an alliance again.

In December of the third year of the Huang dynasty (222), Sun Quan sent Zheng Quan, a doctor from Taizhong, to the White Emperor City to pay homage to Liu Bei, and the two countries of Shu and Wu were re-established. However, there were still envoy exchanges between Sun Quan and Emperor Wen of Wei, and it was not until the following year that relations were officially severed. In this year, Sun Quan changed Yiling to Xiling. According to the "Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms: The Biography of the Ancestors", Sun Quan heard that Liu Bei was stationed in the White Emperor City, and was quite frightened, so he sent an envoy to sue for peace. Liu Bei Xu He sent Taizhong doctor Zong Wei to discuss and complete the mission.

According to the "Wu Lu", Liu Bei heard that Wei was attacking Wu and wrote to Lu Xun: "Cao's army has now arrived in the Yangtze River and Hanshui area, and I will lead the army eastward again, does the general think I can do this?" Lu Xun replied: "I'm afraid that your army will be newly defeated and its vitality has not yet recovered, so I have restored relations with my country." The most urgent task at the moment is to heal the wounds, repair the vitality, and have no leisure to use troops abroad. If you do not consider it carefully, and try to lead the remnants of the army again to be sent from afar, it will still be difficult to escape the end of destruction. ”

In history, the reason why Sun Quan reunited with Liu Bei was of course not because he was afraid of Liu Bei who was stationed in the White Emperor City, but because he hoped that he could concentrate on fighting Cao Pi, so although Sun Quan tried to restore the alliance, he did not cut off the contact with Cao Wei at the first time, nor did he recognize Liu Bei's throne, but only recognized the throne of the king of Hanzhong, indicating that the status of the two was equal, and Sun Quan may have deliberately changed Yiling to Xiling in order to show his sincerity.

According to the record of "Jiangbiao Biography", Quan Yun: "I have recently obtained the book of Xuande, and I have been deeply blamed and asked for the restoration of the old good." The former name is the west for the Shu, the Han Emperor still exists, the Han Dynasty has been abolished, and it can be called the king of Hanzhong. ”、

The Book of Wu also recorded that when Shu was made to Shu, Liu Bei asked: "Why didn't the king of Wu answer my book, and it was not appropriate to have my name?" Quan said: "Cao Cao's father and son are in the Han Dynasty and finally take the throne." His Royal Highness is a clan and has the responsibility of maintaining the city, and he is the first in the sea to insist on being the first, so he has his own name, which is not in line with the world's opinion, and he is a widow who has not replied to his book. "I'm ashamed. The spring is dying, and the same kind of person said: "I will be buried on the side of my Tao family, and after I am 100 years old, I will turn into soil, and I am fortunate to see that it is taken as a wine pot, and it has won my heart." ”

As for Liu Bei, at that time, he had already suffered a great loss of Shu Han's national strength because of the fiasco in the Battle of Yiling, although Liu Bei was impulsive but not stupid, he also wrote a letter to threaten Lu Xun after agreeing to restore the alliance It was actually just a temptation, at most he wanted some benefits, but Lu Xun didn't eat it. At that time, Shu Han had greatly declined because of the impact of the Battle of Xiangfan, the change of Shangyong, and the fiasco of Yiling, and the great war between Cao Wei and Eastern Wu gave Liu Bei the opportunity to take advantage of the fire to rob, but unfortunately Liu Bei had more than enough strength and was insufficient, and he was no longer capable of being a fisherman. If Cao Pi and Sun Quan had fallen out earlier, Liu Bei would even have the opportunity to re-demarcate the Xiangshui boundary, of course, it was just a delusion for Liu Bei now.

Liu Bei, whose strength was damaged, could only be forced to accept Sun Quan's alliance in the end, Liu Bei may not have wanted to agree at that time, but he had no choice, after all, Shu Han's national strength was the weakest among the three kingdoms, and they needed the help of their allies more than Sun Quan.

Historically, because of the strength of Cao Wei, the Sun-Liu alliance against Cao has always been a mainstream, which only had twists and turns when Liu Bei developed rapidly, when Liu Bei, Guan Yu and others ignored the feelings of their ally Sun Quan, and the two sides gradually drifted apart, which eventually led to Sun Quan's side of Cao Wei, sneak attack on Jingzhou, and attack and kill Guan Yu to make the two turn against each other.

However, although Sun Quan defeated Guan Yu and obtained Jingzhou, his power was strengthened, but it did not weaken Cao Wei's strength, Cao Wei sat on the mountain to watch the tiger fight, but obtained Meng Da, Huang Quan and others to take refuge, Wei's national strength was not reduced, and Wu Shu's threat to it was greatly reduced, so Cao Wei's dominance did not change because of Wu Shu's internal bar, Sun Quan obeyed the general trend after Cao Pi's attack, and the two sides resumed their alliance again.

Note 1: Wei Luozai Wei Sangong said: "The minister hears that the branch is big and the heart is draped, and the tail is big, and the country is cautious." The former Han Dynasty inherited the disadvantages of Qin, the world was newly determined, the king of the great country, the ministers were not finished, and Xiao and Zhang's plans were not recorded, so that the six kings rebelled before and after, and they were cut down, and they did not give up. Another Wen and Jing Shoucheng, forgetting the war and service, arrogant Wu and Chu, raising a snake into a snake, not only for the community to worry about the community, but also to cover the past, and the teacher of the future. Wu Wang Sun Quan, a young erection boy, no size of the merit, encountered a rebellion, because of the cause of his father and brother, less of the grace of the winged eggs, the long with the rebellious nature of the owl, betraying the heavens, and accumulating great sins. Fu and Guan Yu coveted each other even more, seeking profit and convenience, and coerced them as humble excuses. The first emperor knew that the power was treacherous in order to use, and when he was forbidden to defeat in the flood, he should ask for feathers, because he entrusted power. The first emperor commissioned Qiu to sit down, the power was not satisfied, and he was sincere in compassion, and he wanted to be widowed and weak because of the great mourning, and he hoped that Dong Tao would pass on the emperor's order, and he did not get the permission, took Xiangyang without permission, and saw the expulsion, which was more frustrated. The state of evil and clever words are like a stream, although they are tired of making heavy posts, sending bans, etc., they are treacherous and looking forward to the traitor, and they want to slow down the punishment outside, and support the thieves in Shu. The holy dynasty contains Hong, both plus unbearable, excellent and forgive, with the beginning, the molestation is the king of the land, so that the south is lonely, and the official is tired, the etiquette is prepared for nine lives, the name of the horse is hundred, in order to become its momentum, the light is illustrious, ancient and modern. The right is the posture of dogs and sheep, and the text of the tiger and leopard is not thought of the festival of Jingli to death, in order to repay the immeasurable grace of the world. Every time the minister sees the list of the rules and regulations before and after the power, he adopts the will of the power with foolishness, and he thinks that he is obstructing the rivers and lakes, and he is stubborn and disobedient, and he is ruthless and stubborn, and he succeeds in fraud. thought that if the mistake did not weaken the prince's plan, the seven kingdoms would be balanced, and the disaster would be great for a long time; If Kuaitong does not decide to attack the previous strategy, Tian Heng will worry about himself, and the crime will become serious. The law of the nine wars of the Zhou rites of the ministers is carefully examined, the power is vicious, and the rebellion is born, and the crime is fifteen. Xi Jiuli was chaotic, and the Yellow Emperor was punished; Xiang Yu committed ten crimes, and Han Zu was reluctant. The crime of power is clear, not supported by benevolence, but tolerated by the universe. The ministers asked to remove the officials, cut the land, and arrest the crimes. Dare not obey, move troops to discuss, with the likes and dislikes of the Ming Guodian, and the suffering of the Yuan Yuan of the three states. "The fifteen articles are not contained in many articles.