Chapter Seven: The Origins of Confucianism (I)

In November, Luoyang has withered away. The snow had melted the day before, but the temperature was three points colder as a result.

In the early morning, outside the gate of Chengfu, the sound of pedestrians coming and going is endless. The Cheng family is not a wealthy family, and they live in a box where ordinary people live together, which is not as clean as the box where Fu Bi and other important ministers in the north of the city are located.

Cheng Hao had already gotten up at this time, and after greeting his parents, he slowly paced in the courtyard as a daily homework. His sons and daughters also came over one by one, first saluted their father, and then went into the back room to say goodbye to their grandparents - the Cheng family is a Confucian family, and the rules of etiquette have always been abided by, and the children dare not have any negligence.

Last year, Cheng Haoshang was a judge of the Zhenning Army. But at the beginning of this year, his father Cheng Jue returned to his hometown from Sichuan as an official and invited himself to the office. The old father is very old, and he has been serving as an official abroad all the year round. The younger brother Cheng Yi gave up going to school and has been moving around with his father. Now that his father is back, he, as the eldest son, should also do his filial piety. I invited a messenger from a nearby township to return to my hometown to support my parents, study the principles of heaven and earth, teach and educate people, and I didn't care about the level of my official position.

Just served as the errand of Xijing Supervisor Bamboo and Wood Affairs, and let her daughter who loves to eat bamboo shoots be wronged: "Daddy supervises bamboo and wood affairs, everything is good, but there are no bamboo shoots to eat at home." ”

The daughter's coquettish speech made Cheng Hao laugh, "Wait for tomorrow to let A-Niang sell it to you." ”

Cheng Eniang shook her head: "Don't want it...... When Daddy is relieved, it's good to buy it again. ”

"That's right...... Act as you should. It can't be like those corrupt officials and corrupt officials, one point goes to the government and two points go to the house! ”

Cheng Yi came out of the back room. Even if he is at home, he is dressed like a good person and has a serious appearance. has a seven- or eight-point similar appearance to Cheng Hao, because of his always serious expression, and he will not mistake Cheng Hao for Cheng Hao who always has a gentle smile.

When Cheng Eniang saw her uncle coming out, she immediately stepped forward to say hello.

Cheng Yi loves this niece very much. A thirteen-year-old girl, with impeccable appearance, and even better etiquette than those scholars. At a young age, he was very knowledgeable and had a gentle personality. When you see your relatives at home, you can treat them as one, whether you are rich or poor. In his opinion, the virtue of women is impeccable. But when Cheng Yi nodded as a return gift, he still didn't smile.

The daughter of the Cheng family has always been loved by her grandfather and grandmother, and after saluting, she entered the main house.

Cheng Hao walked in circles in the courtyard according to his habit, and after walking twice, he suddenly asked his younger brother: "By the way, have you read Uncle Hengqu's letter the day before yesterday?" ”

"Looked." Cheng Yi nodded, but his straight eyebrows were furrowed.

Cheng Hao smiled slightly: "Uncle Cousin has always said that the void is formless, the essence of qi, but I didn't expect to talk about the truth of learning from things today......"

Cheng Yi wondered about this in his heart, Gewu Zhizhi was the point of view he had always advocated, when did Zhang Zai also turn, and it turned a little confusing: "Uncle Cousin's "Stubborn" is very well done. Reason is one and the same, and the holy place has not been sent before. It can be the same as Mencius's theory of being good at cultivating qi, and Mencius has never seen it for a thousand years. But the theory of knowledge of things, why is there not much to say in the two articles of "Nail Stubbornness" and "Foolishness"? Although this change can be investigated and its source can be found, it always feels a little abrupt. Is it really as my cousin said, inspired by the students? ”

"'If you don't help, men are poor', where does this interpretation come from?" Cheng Hao asked rhetorically.

Cheng Yi was dumbfounded.

Two years ago, he transferred to Chengdu with his father Cheng Jue. I met a cooper reading the I Ching on the street, and somehow we started talking. Nothing else, except for the article 'unhelped, the man is poor', but the cooper explained it thought-provokingly, and the sentence 'the three yangs are out of place' made Cheng Yimao pause. Later, he wrote letters to his relatives and friends, and whenever he mentioned this matter, he lamented that there were many hermits in the world, but no one knew about them. Later, he wrote the "Yi Chuan", and the commentary on this article is the original words of the cooper.

Cheng Hao looked at his younger brother and didn't have any smug thoughts. He paced slowly in the courtyard: "When it comes to difficult places, the truth often returns to the void. The Wei and Jin dynasties were obsessed with the Qing Xuan, and the Tang people admired the release of the elderly. But the most fearful thing about the Qing Xuan interpretation of the old man is to prove it empirically. If you can really do what your cousin said in his letter, exhaust the reason of all things, and explain the old man's words, he should not be able to form an army...... Second brother, isn't this what you and I intended? ”

Han Gang and Zhang Zai exchanged letters, and what they said in the letter was only the tip of the iceberg of the point that Han Gang wanted to expound, but Zhang Zai had already elaborated from this. Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi looked at Zhang Zai's letter again, and they were already able to deduce the role of this theory. They are all great Confucians, and if such a theory can reach the perfect state of harmony and accessibility, it can be seen at a glance what kind of role it will play in Confucianism.

The two schools of thought are different from each other, and in the exchange of relatives, they inevitably absorb each other's opinions. But although I have learned, the word Tianli is my own thoughtfulness. Cheng Hao has full confidence in his own doctrine, and he cites and proves the correct views, but he has no insight into the door, but praises Han Gang even more.

"In the past two years, Yukun has become famous because of his side skills. I didn't expect him to be academic, but he didn't delay at all. ”

When Han Gang went to Beijing, Cheng Hao heard a few words from Han Gang, but Han Gang himself did not have a theory that was formed back then, and after thinking about it for a few days, Cheng Hao could only regard it as a young man's opinion elsewhere. But now it seems that Han Gang has already walked on the path he created.

Han Gang's fame is indeed getting bigger and bigger, and here in Luoyang, you can often hear some of his deeds. But Han Gang, as a disciple of Confucianism, has nothing to do with Sun Simiao, who has died hundreds of years earlier, and fools the world with the theory of ghosts and gods, is it a righteous person? and he once explicitly supported the new law in front of Cheng Hao, and he was involved with famous prostitutes in Beijing, all of which made Cheng Yi dislike it very much, he shook his head: "This son is not from my generation!" ”

"Not really."

Cheng Hao admires Han Gang very much.

When Han Gang went to Beijing, he also came to listen to the teachings day by day, and he was half of his disciple. Now his reputation is even greater, except for some young people's affairs, but he has not heard of any other evil deeds. Everyone in the Kansai Army is grateful for his kindness, and the matter of the sanatorium is definitely worthy of a benevolent word. As for the disciples of the Medicine King, it was just a rumor in the world, and Han Gang mentioned it to himself as a joke back then. Cheng Hao knew that fools and fools in the world often like such anecdotes, even if they try their best to refute the rumors, there will be no result. How could he take it to heart?

And Han Gang's character made Cheng Hao admire it. "Han Gang has made a lot of contributions in the past two years, and most of the rewards he has received have been given to his cousin. Hengqu Academy, as well as the well fields in Hengqu Town, have a lot of power. For people to drink water and think of the source, their original heart can be known. ”

Listening to what Cheng Hao said, Cheng Yi nodded unconsciously. can have a disciple like Han Gang, in fact, he is also a little envious of Zhang Zai. Under his own door, there is not a single disciple who can bare the lintel of the door, but under Zhang Zai's door, there have been several.

Cheng Yi straightened his back: "Uncle Cousin is teaching and educating people in Hengqu, and now he has seen his achievements." Time is not waiting, and when the spring begins next year, I will go to live in Songyang Academy. Although it is not a sectarian dispute, Confucianism and Taoism are orthodox and upright, and they can't be easily with others! ”

Cheng Hao nodded silently. It is not that he also has a competitive spirit, he can learn from and absorb the views and strengths of other schools, but Confucianism and Taoism, as Cheng Yi said, cannot be easily compared with others.

Nowadays, all schools of thought are blooming like a hundred flowers, and the world is inexhaustible.

Wang Anshi was famous for "Huainan Miscellaneous Sayings" in the old years, and taught and educated people in Jinling during the Yingzong period, and the world regarded it as the Huainan School. With Wang Anshi becoming the prime minister, changing the test, repairing the order, and a set of measures, his doctrine has spread all over the world. When the state and county schools in the world are all based on Wang Xue, the Huainan School will inevitably become the mainstream in Shilin.

Although Xujiang Li Jing has been dead for more than ten years, his doctrine is still circulating in the Jiangnan area. 'The truth of governing the country must be based on financial use', and the origin of Wang Anshi's new law comes from this. Whether it is Wang Anshi, Zhang Zai, or Ercheng himself, they all have reference and quotation from his views.

Zhang Zai, who teaches in Hengqu Town, is different from the Central Plains, and the way of civil and military affairs is never wasted. As several disciples gradually rose to prominence, his fame gradually rose. For example, the three brothers of the Lu family in Lantian, such as You Shixiong, who set up special honors in the pacification of the Guangrui Rebellion, and Han Gang, who is famous in Guanzhong, are all outstanding among them. I heard that he is now in Beijing as the commander of the four compartments of the Dragon God Guard, and he also has children in his family who worship under Zhang Zaimen.

As for Sima Guang, who was close to him, since he arrived in Luoyang and took charge of the Xijing Yushitai, he no longer asked about court affairs, and wrote letters to people, and the payment was 'roundabout'. The day before yesterday, I heard that he was going to buy a land and a garden next year, and even the name was given in advance - called 'Paradise of Paradise'. I don't know if it was because after the garden was completed, he closed the door and didn't ask about foreign affairs, and devoted himself to cultivating his "Zizhi Tongjian".

Shao Yong, who is also in Luoyang, has been busy compiling the "Huangji Jingshishu" in his comfort nest recently. The emperor has passed through the world, taking Yi as the sect and the number of images as the foundation, and deducing the way of the evolution of heaven and man. Ercheng is a deep understanding of easy learning, and interpreting "Yi" is a righteous principle, while Shao Yong is biased towards the study of elephant numbers, and if he goes down, he will go to the road of divination. In Ercheng's view, he has gone astray.

Wang Anshi, Li Ji, Zhang Zai, Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi are all the keys to admiring Han Yu, worshiping Mencius, and self-adherence to Taoism. And Yang abandoned the previously popular theories of Xun and Yangxiong. However, each family inherited the source of the Simeng school, but the truth expounded is different.

Who can get one step closer?

Cheng Hao slowly paced in the courtyard, Cheng Yi sat upright on the stone pier, and for a while, both of them lost their speech.