Yang Guang is also known as Yang Ying, nicknamed Ayi, the second son of Emperor Wen of Sui Yang Jian. Yang Guang is handsome in appearance, smart and studious since childhood, quick in thinking, and his poetry and literary attainments are especially widely praised by the world.

The twilight river is not moving, and the spring flowers are in full bloom;

The waves will go away from the moon, and the tide will bring the stars.

Listen to this song "Spring River Flower Moonlight Night", which sings about the beauty of nature, how far-reaching the artistic conception is, how to say that it can be called a rare masterpiece of writing scenes! Yang Guang has this kind of extraordinary talent, and he is well-behaved, can he win the favor of his parents?

In fact, in the first year of the emperor, that is, the year when Yang insisted on being the emperor, Yang Guang was only thirteen years old, and he was named the king of Jin, the general of the Zhuguo, and the governor of the state.

In July of the fourth year of Renshou (6o4 AD), Yang Guang killed his father and usurped the throne (there have been many controversies among historians throughout the ages about the authenticity of Yang Guang's murder of his father's usurpation.

In the minds of most historians, Yang Guangji killed his father and brother, was cruel and unkind to his subordinates and the people, was lascivious and lustful, and was cunning and virtuous. In all fairness, this statement is a bit excessive, at least, Yang Guang has done two major events that have a profound impact on future generations.

First, he set a precedent and boldly implemented the imperial examination system, trying to promote the fairness of the imperial court's employment mechanism, so that some scholars from poor backgrounds but with real talent can get a fair chance to compete, and this kind of pioneering move is called a great innovation revolution in the talent selection system of human society, which is absolutely well-deserved (the imperial examination system has an extremely far-reaching impact on the employment system of the feudal dynasty for more than a thousand years, and it has been followed until the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty was abolished. Moreover, its influence is not over because of this, not only for modern China, but also for the education and talent selection of contemporary countries around the world, it still has its immortal vitality);

Second: the construction of the Grand Canal, the future generations along the river along the transportation, industrial and agricultural production, folk economy and culture and other aspects of the role of a pivotal role, it is undeniable, it can be said that with this river, Yang Guang's name has always been with history.

Yang Guang has these two great achievements, but it is still portrayed by historians as a mess, especially the Grand Canal, which has benefited future generations, and is even recognized by the vast majority of people as a catalyst for hastening the demise of the Great Sui Dynasty, which is not entirely unreasonable.

As far as the Sui died for this river, so far thousands of miles of Lai Tongbo,

If there is no water temple dragon boat matter, there is not much merit in Gongyu.

In terms of poetry, this little poem may not be a particularly good work, but for the special case of Yang Guang's construction of the Grand Canal, it is undoubtedly an extremely objective portrayal!

Doing good deeds and not getting praise is undoubtedly the greatest sorrow in Yang Guang's life. Seriously investigating the reasons, in addition to committing the great rebellious crime of killing his father and brother, he also disregarded the endurance of the people at that time, regardless of the life and death of the people, so happy that he blindly sought great speed. Although Yang Guang was ordered to lead the army to crusade against Chen and Tuyuhun as the king of Jin, he won many successive victories and easily destroyed the two kingdoms. However, he was at best a child who did not understand the world, and he went on two expeditions, both of which were named commanders of the three armies, attacking cities and plundering land, and commanding the battle, all under the overall planning of Gao Gong, Yang Su and others. Moreover, the Sui army was in its heyday at that time, and the forces of Chen and Tu were already weak and vulnerable, and there were too many lucks to defeat them.

Sadly, Yang Guang has never been aware of his Achilles' heel, and he is often complacent and arrogant with that kind of "brilliant experience". After usurping the throne, not only was he not ashamed of the great crime of rebellion, but on the contrary, he thought that he was "literally talented and armed", far superior to his father and brother, and was a "wise master" who truly ruled the country and leveled the world. After ascending the throne, he changed the style of Emperor Wen's diligent and prudent governance of the country, ignored the bitter advice of the ministers, disregarded the life and death of the people, blindly coveted lewd pleasures, entered the palace of the draft girl, built a large number of buildings, built luxurious palaces and various amusement places, and drunk and dreamed of death in the gentle township, which was only for him to travel and cross the sea to conquer Goryeo to catch up with the shipbuilding, that is, countless craftsmen were immersed in the sea water for a long time, the muscles below the waist were eroded, and the maggots were rolling, which was unbearable, and as many as forty percent were tortured to death, and the disabled were even more numerous.

The people are bored, the real people are not living!

Unable to endure the never-ending cruel labor, many people preferred to mutilate themselves and become "blessed people" (the common term for the disabled at the time) in order to escape the labor. People from all over the country have left their homes with their families and fled to remote mountains and wilderness to live in the wilderness.

Faced with this kind of complaining situation, Yang Guang did not know how to self-reflect, and even ignorantly believed that the reason why the world was chaotic was because there were too many people, and no matter how many people died, it would be beneficial and harmless to the country!

Since ancient times, the people have been the foundation of the country, and Yang Guang actually has such a stupid idea, which seems to be a little incompatible with his cleverness since childhood, I really don't know how to evaluate this famous emperor in Chinese history! With this absurd perception as a guide to action, it is conceivable what he did.

It should be said that the reason why Yang Guang opened the canal, built the Great Wall, and frequently sent troops to conquer neighboring countries was that he wanted to do a few earth-shattering things, so that the land area under his rule could be expanded to the largest range unprecedented, and various achievements reached the height of unprecedented and unprecedented, so as to become a unique "emperor through the ages" throughout the ages.

Such an eloquent strategy, if he is not in a hurry, just a Grand Canal is enough to make him famous through the ages and become the leader of Chinese emperors in all dynasties, alas!

In order to realize that great idea as soon as possible, Yang Guang once overheard Pei Ju, the squire of the Yellow Gate, talking about "the fiefdom of Goryeo Benjizi (the uncle of the king of Shang), the Han and Jin dynasties are all counties, and now they are not ministers, not foreign lands", and he disregarded the endurance of the country and the people, and resolutely raised 1.13 million troops, known as 2 million, and drove the dragon boat along the Yangtze River and through the canal to Zhuojun (now Beijing), and launched a war against Goryeo at the beginning of the first month of the eighth year of the Great Cause.

At the beginning, it was easy to conquer Chen and Tuyuhun, and it was easy to succeed, and Yang Guang naturally did not take it seriously. According to this line of thinking, he imagined that more than a million troops would go out on the expedition, and without actually doing anything, the Goryeo Kingdom would obediently surrender. In order to show the prestige of the country, before the expedition, he specially summoned a number of foreign vassal kings such as Hosana Khan and Gaochang Wang Boya to watch the battle, so that the other party could see the majestic scene when he accepted the surrender of the Goryeo Kingdom, so that many surrounding vassal states did not dare to talk nonsense in the future, and did not think of serious planning at all, fully anticipated the difficult situation that might arise in wartime and the necessary countermeasures, and prepared to fight one or several tough battles.

It's a pity that Yang Guang's wishful thinking failed, and the army arrived at the city of Liaodong, and the Goryeo army, which had already prepared for war, had already defended a city without leaking, and the Sui army tried every possible means to attack and fight, but it was impossible to open a gap.

Due to the lack of sufficient psychological preparation in advance, Liaodong City could not be attacked for a long time, and Yang Guang couldn't hold his breath. In order to make a quick decision as soon as possible, without on-the-spot observation and a comprehensive analysis of the enemy's situation, he once again underestimated the enemy and blindly issued an order, ordering Yu Wenshu to lead 350,000 elite troops to bypass Liaodong and attack Pyongyang directly, in an attempt to blossom in the heart of the enemy army, and then break through each of them. No, the Goryeo people were scheming, and they were defeated six times in a row, step by step, and when they lured the Sui army to the Qingchuan River to cross the river, they launched a general attack on all sides, and they defeated Yuwenshu in a big defeat.

In that battle, the Sui army lost all its grain and grass, 350,000 horses crossed the Liao River, only 2,700 people escaped and returned to China, and all the others died in battle, died of disease, starved to death or trampled on each other.

Since then, the people have fallen more and more into dire straits, widows and orphans have become villages, and countless rebels have risen up in various places.

In the face of this chaotic situation, Yang Guang still doesn't know how to introspect, and what he remembers is unforgettable is that he has lost too much face this time, and he must not give up easily! In order to save face, in March of the ninth year of Daye (that is, nine months after the defeat of the last army), he once again set out on a large-scale expedition to defeat Goryeo.

After experiencing the lesson of the last fiasco, after the army was frustrated again in the battle of Liaodong City, Yang Guang began to become smart, and he was ingenious, relying on the advantage of many people, so that the soldiers shouldered their shoulders, dug and carried soil and stones around the vicinity, and gradually advanced and piled up under the city from far and near. This method also worked wonders, and in just over 20 days, a passage as high as the castle tower was filled, and it only took three or two days to connect the dirt and stone road with the city wall, so that the Goryeo people could no longer defend it.

As for the Koreans, they watched the dirt and stone road approach the city tower day by day, but there was nothing to be done, and there were different opinions for a while, some people advocated a desperate battle, so that they could break the net, and some people proposed to evacuate as soon as possible and avoid this catastrophe first. Discussions come and go, and it is always difficult to choose. Yang Guang also thought that he had a plan, and was about to give an order to launch a general attack, when an urgent report suddenly came from the country: Yang Xuangan openly rebelled in Liyang (now Jun County, Henan) by virtue of the convenience of transporting grain and grass for the army.

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