Therefore, if such music is played in the temple, and the monarchs and ministers listen to it together, it will be harmonious and solemn; When playing in the locality, the elders and the young come to listen together, and they are all harmonious and obedient; When playing at home, fathers, sons, and brothers come to listen to it together, and they all go on a blind date.

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Therefore, this kind of music is to approve a tone to set the tone and harmony, and then match it with various musical instruments to express its rhythm, so that the rhythm can be combined into a movement, which can be used to make the father and son, the monarch and the minister live in harmony, so that the people of the whole world are attached.

This is the principle of the music of the first king.

Listening to such music as "Ya" and "Song", pure thoughts will occupy the mind; Holding a dance equipment such as a shield and axe, and practicing the pitching, bending and stretching posture of the dance, the appearance will become solemn.

Proceed according to the fixed dance position and dance area, and achieve the same rhythm as the music, the ranks will be very regular, and the advance and retreat will be very neat.

Therefore, music can be said to be the most harmonious thing between heaven and earth, the discipline that coordinates all things in the world, and the indispensable thing for human feelings.

Joy is a thing used by the first kings to express joy; The army and the punishment were used by the first kings to express their anger.

Thus, the joy and anger of the former king found a corresponding means of expression.

When the first king was pleased, the people also rejoiced; The kings were angry, and the rioters were afraid.

In the way the previous kings governed the country, Lile played an important role.

Zigong went to visit Lu Guole Shi Yi and asked him for advice, saying: I heard that singing should be suitable for personal character, what kind of song is suitable for a person with a personality like me?

Shi Yi replied: I am a lowly musician, how can I be worthy of answering your question?

I can only tell you one thing I know, and after listening to it, you can make your own judgment.

A person who is generous, quiet, soft, and upright is suitable for singing "Ode".

People who are ambitious and quiet, sparse and honest are suitable for singing "Daya".

Prudent and polite people are suitable for singing "Xiaoya".

Honest and quiet, honest and humble people are suitable for singing "National Style".

A frank and loving person is suitable for singing "Shang".

A gentle and decisive person is suitable for singing "Qi".

After singing, you will feel that heaven and earth are also responding, yin and yang are harmonious, the stars run in order, and everything has its place.

"Shang" is a song left over from the Five Emperors, because the previous generation wrote it down, so it is called "Shang".

"Qi" is a song left by the three kings, because the people of Qi wrote it down, so it is called "Qi".

People who understand the true meaning of "Shang" can always be decisive when encountering problems.

Those who understand the true meaning of the song "Qi" can see the benefits and let go.

can always be decisive in trouble, this is brave; It is righteousness to be able to see the benefits and give them.

This kind of brave and righteous person, if it is not expressed through singing, who can know?

Therefore, according to the change of the singer's melody, it may be high pitched, or descending and low, or the bend is as crisp as the breaking of an object, or the pause is as silent as a dead tree, the straight sound is in line with the ruler, the loop is in line with the compass, and the continuous sound is like a string of pearls.

Therefore, singing is also talking, but it is just talking in a lengthened tone.

When the heart is happy, it wants to speak; Speaking is not enough to express this pleasure, as far as the tone is prolonged; If the prolonged tone is not enough to express, then add arias; Arias are not enough to express, so you can't help but dance.

"Music Notes" is a monograph on Confucian music theory, and there have always been two theories about its author: one is that it was written by Gongsun Nizi, the second son of Confucius during the Warring States Period; The second is the Han Dynasty Liu Xiang Liu Xin father and son school pre-Qin ancient books.

The more accepted view is that the "Music Record" was written in the Western Han Dynasty, and its ideological sources came from the people who said and enjoyed things in the pre-Qin Dynasty.

The Music Notes emphasizes the close relationship between music and politics, music and society.

It believes that the sound of the peaceful and prosperous times, removing the serene and joyful, reflects the political harmony of the time; The sound of the chaotic world, removing resentment and anger, reflects the political disorder of the time; The sound of the dead country, the melody is sad and deep, reflecting the hardship of the people at that time.

In this way, voices and politics are intertwined, and what kind of politics there is, what kind of voice there is.

"Music Notes" advocates that music should be coordinated with the governance of the government, the correct social atmosphere, the etiquette and education, etc., so as to serve the ruler's cultural and martial arts.

It believes that if it is played in the temple, the monarch and the ministers will listen to it together, and there will be no harmony and solemnity; When playing in the locality, the elders and the young come to listen together, and they are all harmonious and obedient; When playing at home, fathers, sons, and brothers come to listen to it together, and they all go on a blind date.

Therefore, this kind of music is to determine a tone to set the tone of harmony, and then match it with various musical instruments to express its rhythm, so that the rhythm is called a movement, which can be used to make the father and son, the monarch and the minister live in harmony, so that the people of the whole world are attached.

This is the principle of the music of the first king.

If these four aspects are implemented without obstruction, it will also have royal politics.

The purpose of the ancient sage king's ritual music was not to satisfy people's oral enjoyment, but to educate the people to distinguish between good and bad and return to the right path of being a human being.

In terms of the understanding of the beauty of music, "Music Notes" has a relatively in-depth discussion.

It emphasizes that music gives people a pleasant feeling that is indispensable to human life, and it believes that music and dance are indispensable.

As the culmination of the aesthetic ideas of pre-Qin Confucianism, the music book has a profound impact on the development of classical music of the Han nation for more than 2,000 years, and occupies an important position in the history of world music thought.

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