"The Biography of Gu Liang" is also known as "Gu Liang Spring and Autumn" and "Spring and Autumn Gu Liang Biography". It is a Confucian classic that commented on the Spring and Autumn Period. Legend has it that Confucius's disciple Zixia orally passed on the contents of this book to Gu Liangchi, who wrote it down as a book, but in fact, the oral legend of this book has already existed, but it was written in the Western Han Dynasty. It focuses on quotations and dialogues, and uses this method to annotate the Spring and Autumn Period, which is an important document for the study of the evolution of Confucianism from the Warring States period to the Han Dynasty. The time recorded began in the first year of Lu Yin and ended in the fourteenth year of Lu Ai, and the genre is similar to that of "The Legend of the Ram".

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Let's start with "Left Biography".

Zuo Chuan is the earliest chronicle of ancient China with a detailed narrative, consisting of 35 volumes. It is both a strategic masterpiece and a historiographical masterpiece. The authors of "Zuo Biography", Sima Qian and Ban Gu both proved to be Zuo Qiu Ming, which is currently the most credible historical material.

The influence of Zuo Chuan on later generations is first reflected in the aspect of history. It not only developed the chronology of the Spring and Autumn Period, but also quoted and preserved some of the popular applied texts at that time, which provided a reference for the development of applied writing in later generations. Moreover, it also has extremely high artistic value in the literary circles of our country.

Based on the Spring and Autumn Period, Zuo Biography illustrates the outline of the Spring and Autumn Period by describing the specific historical facts of the Spring and Autumn Period. Although Zuo Chuan is not a literary work, it can still be said to be China's first large-scale narrative work in a broad sense. Compared with any previous work, its narrative power shows an astonishing development. Many major historical events with complicated and varied ideas can be handled in an orderly and complicated manner. The depiction of war is particularly well written.

The author is good at placing each battle in the context of the struggle for hegemony among major powers, and writes concisely and concisely about the distant and proximate causes of war, the combination of changes in the relationship between countries, the pre-war planning, the process of confrontation, and the impact of war. This narrative ability is of great significance to both later historical and literary works. In addition, "Zuo Biography" pays attention to the vividness and interest of the story, and often uses a more detailed and vivid plot to express the characters. "Zuo Chuan" had a great influence on the writing style of the later "Warring States Policy" and "Historical Records", forming a writing style that combines literature and history.

Although "Zuo Chuan" is a historical work, it is different from "Shangshu" and "Spring and Autumn", it is beautiful and beautiful, and the literary color shines, and it is the most literary historical prose in the pre-Qin period. Its literary nature is embodied in: literary tailoring and storytelling of historical time; portrays the characters with a three-dimensional sense of life; Vivid descriptions of scenes and expressive details. He is good at writing diplomatic rhetoric, and he is rich in literature and beauty.

Zuo Chuan has a distinct political and moral tendency, its concept is close to Confucianism, emphasizing hierarchical order and patriarchal ethics, attaching importance to the difference between the elder and the young, and at the same time showing the people-oriented thought, so it is also an important historical material for the study of Confucianism. It can be seen that this was an important ideological progress in the Spring and Autumn Period. The author's demand that rulers who have the responsibility to lead the state should not indulge in their own selfish desires, but consider the long-term interests of the ruling group as a whole and the state they own, all of which reflect Confucian political thought.

"Zuo Chuan" represents the highest achievement of pre-Qin historiography, and He Xun evaluated it as "the biography of the Zuo family, the extreme of history, the literary style is like the clouds and the moon, and the height is as deep as the mountains and seas". "Zuo Chuan" is not only a historical work, but also a very good literary work, researchers have always called it and "Historical Records", respected as the ancestor of historical prose, the text has Zuo Qiu Ming, Sima Qian, just like the book has Wang Xizhi, Wang Xianzhi. The book is particularly good at writing about wars, so some people call it a book of slashing and killing each other. It is also good at portraying characters and attaches great importance to recording rhetoric.

The status of Zuo Chuan in historiography has been commented as an important classic that opened the "Historical Records" and "Han Shu" after the "Book of History" and "Spring and Autumn Period", and is a treasure of Chinese civilization.

Zuo Qiu Ming is a native of Lu in the late Spring and Autumn Period, surnamed Qiu, and Ming Ming is called Zuo Qiu Ming because his father served as a historian of Zuo. Historians, writers, thinkers, essayists, and military strategists in the late Spring and Autumn Period were contemporaries or slightly older than Confucius. Zuo Qiu Ming is very knowledgeable and virtuous, Confucius said: sweet words, full of smiles, excessive flattery, Zuo Qiu Ming thinks it is shameful, I also think it is shameful; I hide resentment in my heart to make friends with others, Zuo Qiu Ming thinks it is shameful, I also think it is shameful. Ma Qian of Taishi Company called him the gentleman of Lu.

Zuo Qiu Ming was born in the family era as a historical official, once with Confucius like the Zhou Dynasty standard riding in a carriage, reading the history books of the Zhou Dynasty, according to the Lu State and other vassal countries a large number of historical materials, so according to the "Spring and Autumn" wrote the first ancient Chinese chronicle with detailed and incisive discussions, "Zuo Chuan", and also made the earliest surviving national history "Chinese", the two books recorded many important historical events of the Western Zhou and Spring and Autumn periods, and preserved original materials of high value. Due to the detailed historical materials and vivid writing, it has aroused the hobby and discussion of Chinese and foreign scholars in ancient and modern times. He is known as the "Saint of Wenzong History", "the Ancestor of Jingchen History", "the Ancestor of Hundred Schools, and the Ancestor of Ancient Literature", and became the founder of Chinese historians. "Zuo Biography" re-remembers, and "Chinese" re-rewrites.

Zuo Qiu Ming's thought was Confucianism, which reflected the interests and demands of the people more at that time. The chronology of "Zuo Chuan" is roughly the same as that of "Spring and Autumn", but it is 17 years later. Different from the outline form of the Spring and Autumn Period, its content describes the major political, military, and diplomatic events and relevant remarks of the countries during this period, as well as the ways of heaven, ghosts and gods, divination, and dream telling. The author records everything that can be borrowed and admonished.

The author of "Zuo Chuan" is the most credible is Zuo Qiu Ming, who was Lu Taishi, at the same time as Confucius. Western Han Dynasty historians Sima Qian, Ban Gu and others all believe that "Zuo Chuan" was written by Zuo Qiu Ming. Sima Qian's "Historical Records" said: Zuo Qiuming, the gentleman of the Lu State, was afraid that all the disciples would hold their own opinions and interpret their own ideas, so that they would still lose the original intention of Confucius; Therefore, according to Confucius's "Spring and Autumn", the detailed and true records of the discussion were compiled into a book, and compiled into "Zuo's Spring and Autumn".