Confucius got up early in the morning, with his hands behind his back and dragging his cane, pacing leisurely outside the door, singing: Mount Tai is about to collapse, right? The girder is about to break, right? The philosophers are going to wither, aren't they? After singing, he walked into the house and sat down facing the door. When Zigong heard the singing, he said, "If Mount Tai collapses, what will we look up to?" If the girder is broken, and if the philosopher withers, to whom shall we rely on? Listening to the meaning of the song, the master is probably sick, right?

So Zigong walked quickly into the house. Confucius said, "Excuse me, why did you come so late!" Xia Dai stopped the coffin on the east steps, which was to treat the deceased as the owner; The Yin people parked the coffin between the two pillars, which was between the guest and the host; The Zhou people stopped the coffin on the west steps, which regarded the deceased as a guest; I am a descendant of the Yin people, and last night I dreamed that I was sitting between two pillars; If there is no wise king, who in the world will respect me as if I were a king standing between two pillars? In this way, I guess I'm dying. After saying this, Confucius died after about seven or eight days of illness.

When Confucius died, his disciples did not know what kind of mourning clothes to wear for their teacher, Zigong said: In the past, the master mourned Yan Yuan as much as he lost his son, but he did not wear any mourning clothes; The same is true when mourning Zilu; Let us mourn the Master as we mourn the Father, but without wearing any mourning clothes.

The funeral of Confucius was designed by Gongxi Chi for Confucius, there is a curtain, there is a tassel outside the curtain, the coffin is tied with a drape, in order to decorate the coffin, the coffin is set up outside the pole, these are the systems of the Zhou Dynasty; The car is set up with a tooth-like flag, which is the system of the Yin Dynasty; The flagpole is wrapped with plain brocade, and a black cloth pan with a width of two feet and a length of eight feet is carried on it, which is the system of the Xia Dynasty.

Zizhang's funeral was designed for him by Gongmingyi: a coffin cover made of red cloth that was close to the coffin body, and the four corners of the coffin cover were painted with patterns like ants crawling in a staggered manner. This is the Shili of the Yin Dynasty.

Zixia asked Confucius for advice: What should we do about the enemy who killed his parents? Confucius said: Sleep on a straw mat, pillow with a shield, do not hold public office, always think of revenge, and resolve not to coexist with the enemy; No matter where you go, you don't leave your weapon; Even if you meet him in the city or at the public gate, you will fight with him when you pull out your weapon. Zixia asked again: What should I do to the enemy who killed my brother? Confucius said: Do not hold public office in the same country as your enemies; If you are sent by the king's order and meet the enemy, you should put the king's order first and do not duel with him for the time being. Zixia asked what to do again? Confucius said: When it comes to revenge, the younger brother takes the lead, and he holds a weapon in his hand and then assists.

After the death of Confucius, his disciples wore a piece of filial piety cloth and a linen belt around their heads. After the event, he did not wear it, but only when the disciples got together, he wore filial piety in this way. Tidying up the vegetation of the cemetery so that it is not desolate is not like this in ancient times.

Zilu said: I have heard the master say that when holding a funeral, it is better to have insufficient clothes and grief than insufficient grief and more than enough clothes for the dead vessel; Rather than having more than enough sacrifices, it is better to have less sacrifices and more than enough to be respectful.

Zengzi went to the place of negative summer to mourn. The master had already done the ancestral funeral, set up the pool, decorated the locomotive properly, and was about to go out of the funeral, when he saw Zeng Zi come to mourn, he was deeply honored, so he turned the locomotive inward, but let the women of the family still stay between the two steps, and then bow and thank. The attendants asked Zengzi, "Is it proper to do this?" Zeng Ziqiao argued: The word "ancestor" in the ancestral memorial is temporary, since it is a temporary memorial, why not turn the locomotive inward!

The attendants also consulted Ziyou on this matter, saying, "Is it polite to do this?" Zi lobbied: Beads, jade, shells, rice and other things are contained in the mouth of the deceased under the south of the main bed, a small burial is made at the door of the main bed, a large burial is made on the east step that represents the main seat, a coffin is stopped on the west step that represents the guest position, and the ancestral lay of the final farewell is held under the hall of the ancestral temple, and finally buried in the tomb in the wild. The whole process from the beginning of death to burial is step by step. Therefore, when handling funerals, there is no return. When Zeng Zi heard this, he was greatly impressed and said: It is much stronger than the ancestor I explained!

Zeng Zi covered the top of the formal suit and used the costume of the murder suit to mourn. Ziyou opened the placket of the formal clothes and used the costume of the auspicious costume to mourn. Zeng Zi pointed to Ziyou and said to everyone: Look at this person, who is known as an expert in etiquette, why did he come to mourn in auspicious clothes? After the burial, the owner undressed and exposed his left arm, removed the bamboo shoots from the bun, and tied his hair with hemp again. Ziyou saw that the master had changed his clothes, so he walked out quickly, covered the front of the formal suit, added kudzu buttons to the crown, and wrapped a kudzu belt around his waist, and also changed into a murderous costume, and then came in. When Zeng Zi saw it, he suddenly realized and said: I was wrong! I was wrong! This man is doing the right thing.

Zi Xia went to see Confucius after removing his mourning clothes. Confucius handed him a piano, but he couldn't tune the strings well, and he couldn't play the tune. And he stood up and said, "This is because sorrow has not been forgotten." I don't dare to force out the rites formulated by the previous kings. Zizhang went to see Confucius after removing his mourning clothes. Confucius handed him a piano, and he could tune the strings well, and he could play it in tune. Stand up and say: I dare not fail to do the rites formulated by the first king.

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