The Book of Changes says: No longer serve the princes, and the princes also praise the things done by their subordinates. Confucius said: The Son of Heaven is ordered by Heaven, and the courtiers are ordered by the Son of Heaven. If the Son of Heaven obeys the mandate of heaven, then the courtiers will also obey the mandate of heaven; If the Son of Heaven violates the Mandate of Heaven, then his subordinates will also follow suit. The Book of Songs says: The big birds fight on the top, and the small birds also fight on the bottom. If you are a man without good conduct, you have to treat him as a king.

Confucius said: A gentleman does not judge a person solely on the basis of his words. Therefore, in the peaceful and prosperous world where there is Tao in the world, and in the world when there is no way in the world, people pay more attention to practical actions and less beautiful words; There is more emphasis on saying beautiful words and less on practical action. Therefore, if a gentleman is with a person who has lost something, if he cannot afford to support his funeral, do not ask him about the expenses for the funeral; With the sick, if you are unable to give him something, do not want him to need anything; If you have a guest coming from afar, if you can't stay overnight, don't ask him where he stays.

Therefore, the friendship of gentlemen is as light as water; The friendship of villains is as strong as wine. Although the friendship of gentlemen is as light as water, they can complement each other; Although the friendship of villains is as sweet as wine, it will inevitably be corrupted after a long time. "Xiaoya" said: The bad guy talks very sweetly, so the chaos is even more chaotic.

Confucius said: A gentleman does not flatter people with flashy words, so that a faithful atmosphere will be formed among the people. Therefore, when a gentleman asks if it is cold, he will give them clothes to wear; Ask people if they are hungry and give them food to eat. To praise the merits of others, it is necessary to add officials to others. "National Style" said: Worried about others and having nothing to rely on, go home with me to rest. Confucius said: If you don't fulfill the benefits you have promised to others, you will bring resentment or disaster to yourself. Therefore, instead of the responsibility of making promises to others, a gentleman should bear the complaint of refusing to promise.

"National Style" said: In the past, you smiled so gently, both swearing and swearing. Now you have changed your mind again, and you have forgotten all about the alliance, and you will be cut off with one knife from now on! Confucius said: A gentleman should not use false expressions to please others. If you are estranged and look very intimate on the outside, take the villain as an analogy, isn't it a thief who drills a hole in the wall! Confucius said: The love of the heart should be pursued in truth, and the words in the mouth should be skillful.

Confucius said: In the past, the Shengming kings of the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties all sacrificed to heaven and earth and many other gods, and all the activities of the sacrifice depended on divination, and they did not dare to blaspheme the sacrifice to the emperor of heaven with their own selfish intentions, so they would not violate the inauspicious days and would not violate the instructions of divination. If you use a tortoise, you must no longer use a tortoise. If you use the rebuke, you should no longer use the tortoise. The big sacrifices have a fixed time, and the small sacrifices do not have a fixed time, and the time can be determined by using a small sacrifice temporarily. Worship to gods outside the house is done on odd-numbered days, and worship to gods in the house on even-numbered days. Do not disobey the instructions of divination. Confucius said: Since the instructions of divination are not violated, the sacrifices, rituals, and prosperity used in the sacrifice do not harm the ghosts and gods, nor do they complain to the people.

Confucius said: The sacrifice of Houji is easy to prepare, because his words respect his frugal style, and his blessings are passed on to his descendants. The "Book of Songs" says: Houji created a sacrificial ceremony, fortunately blessed by God without disaster, and it has been spread so far. Confucius said: The tortoise of the Son of Heaven and the princes is dignified and solemn, and should not be used indiscriminately. For major events such as conquest and expulsion, the Son of Heaven uses divination instead of Zheng. The princes have the honor of defending the country. The Son of Heaven travels, he is already on the road, and when he has something, he uses a basket, and he doesn't need to be divined. Princes are not allowed to use the gong unless they are within their own borders. If the princes want to move or move their dormitories, they can use divination.

Where the temple is built is auspicious, the Son of Heaven does not need to divination. Confucius said: In order to show respect for the guests, they can be entertained with sacrificial vessels. Therefore, when the ministers saw the monarch, they should choose an auspicious day and not disobey the instructions of the ghost to pay tribute to the monarch. Therefore, the ruler does not act against the people casually, and the people will not offend the king.

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(33) Tie clothes

Confucius said: If the ruler is not harsh to his subordinates, the subordinates will feel that the ruler is easy to serve; If there is no fraud on the part of the courtiers, the ruler will find it easy to understand the truth of the courtiers. In this way, the punishment can be set aside. Confucius said: If we can respect the virtuous as the poem "Tie Yi" says, and hate the bad people as the poem "Lane Bo" says, then the officials will not paint blasphemous things, and the people will be cautious and respectful without punishment. "Daya" says: As long as everyone imitates King Wen, there will be a wind of integrity in all the vassal states.

Confucius said: For the people, if they are educated with morality and disciplined with etiquette, then the people will have a good heart; If they are educated by decree and punished by punishment, then the people will have the desire to flee. Therefore, as the ruler of the people, he should love the people as he cares for his children, and the people will be close to him. Unite the people with integrity, and the people will not betray; Treat the people with respect, and the people will be obedient. The "Fu Xing" says: If the Miao people did not obey the decree, they used criminal punishment to subdue them, and formulated five kinds of torture as a law. As a result, the people did not pay attention to morality, rebelled, and finally suffered the destruction of the nation.