Gong Liu's ancestor was named Qi, the son of one of the Five Emperors, Emperor Yu (kù). He gave up his hobby of farming, often observed the characteristics of the land, and planted grain when he found land suitable for growing grain, and later the people learned from him. When Emperor Yao learned about this, he promoted him to be an agronomist and in charge of agriculture. The descendants of the abandoned also held the position of being in charge of agriculture for generations, until it reached Gong Liu's grandfather, Bu 窋 (zhú). In his later years, he was in a period of political decline in the Xia Dynasty, and the monarchs of the Xia Dynasty abandoned agricultural officials and did not pay attention to agricultural affairs. As a result, Bu Ji also lost his position as a peasant official, and finally he fled to the Rongdi tribal area.

After Buyao's death, his son, Gong Liu's father, Ju, ascended the throne. After Ju's death, Gong Liu ascended the throne. Although Gongliu is located in the Rongdi area, he has always been engaged in the business of his ancestors, devoting himself to cultivation and inspecting the characteristics of the land everywhere. Slowly, the local people relied on Gongliu to live a good life, and the people of all ethnic groups were grateful for his kindness, and most of them moved to him, supporting and submitting to him. It was here that the rise of the cause of the Zhou Dynasty began. After the death of Gong Liu, his son Qingjie ascended the throne and established the capital of the country in Fengdi.

Today's poem reflects the labor life, agricultural production and daily life of the peasants in the early Zhou Dynasty throughout the year, involving all aspects of their clothing, food, housing and transportation. The person who wrote this poem should be a member of the Zhou tribe, he is a delicate person, he shows the society at that time from all sides, there are spring ploughing, autumn harvest, winter storage, mulberry picking, dyeing linen, sewing, hunting, building houses, winemaking, labor, feasting, all-encompassing, really like a picture of social customs!

From the beginning of the year to the end of the year, from farming and raising silkworms to hunting and chiseling ice, the work content of the four seasons is varied, and the work intensity is very high. From the slave owner's point of view, such a society was orderly and in good shape. But from the point of view of ordinary laborers, such a life is miserable and miserable, and their life is heavy.

The Xia calendar, the Yellow Emperor calendar, the Zhuan calendar, the Yin calendar, the Zhou calendar, and the Lu calendar are collectively known as the ancient six calendars. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the Xia, Yin and Zhou calendars were more detailed. The main difference between the three is that the first month of the year is different, the Zhou calendar usually starts with November of the summer calendar, and the Yin calendar usually starts with December of the summer calendar, so the Zhou calendar is one month earlier than the Yin calendar and two months earlier than the summer calendar. The regions of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period were different, and the calendar system used was also different. When we read the ancient books of the pre-Qin period, we should understand that they are more or less different.

For example, in the articles of the Spring and Autumn Period and Mencius, the Zhou calendar is mostly used for the months, and the Xia calendar is mostly used in the Chu Ci and Lü Shi Spring and Autumn Period. In the "Book of Songs", it depends on the specific articles, for example, "Xiaoya April" uses the summer calendar, and the poem "July" uses the summer calendar and the Zhou calendar at the same time. Confucius once said when answering Yan Hui how to govern the country: use the calendar of the Xia Dynasty, take the car of the Yin Dynasty, wear the top hat of the Zhou Dynasty, and play the music of "Shao". It can be seen that the calendar is also of great significance in the governance of the country.

In an agrarian society, farming and weaving were the main tasks, so the main job of the women was to weave cloth and make clothes for the slave owners, and the male laborers carried tools to the fields. The work of women is also very hard, and it is only in September that the mulberry and hemp work is done, and then it is time to make clothes, day after day. By November, it was already a cold winter, and the farmers didn't even have a coarse cloth shirt, so how could they survive the New Year? But there is no way but to lament. But when spring came, they had to tidy up their farm tools and go to the fields to plow, while their wives and children went to the fields to deliver food. Seeing that they were working very hard, the field officials couldn't help but be overjoyed.

The bright spring light shines on the fields, and the warblers chirp. The women carrying baskets on their backs went to the mulberry picking along the field path together, and their labor seemed to be very pleasant, but they could not help but harbor a faint sadness in their hearts. Because not only did the slave owner own a large number of land and serfs, but the slave owner's son also had the privilege of appropriating the beautiful peasant woman at will. The beauty of the girls will make them fear that they will lose their personal freedom; The dexterity and wisdom of the girls will make them worry about the possession of the fruits of their labor. They weave colorful silks, which have become the clothes on Childe's body, and one day even their own bodies may be occupied by Childe. How can such a mood not make people sad?

The fox skins laid by the male laborers are to be made into leather jackets for the sons; The big pigs that were laid down had to be contributed to the slave owners, and they could only keep the small ones to eat. The crickets go from springing their legs and screaming to hiding under the bed in the house, and the reflection of the crickets indicates that the seasons are changing. At this time, the cold winter is coming again, and people have begun to clean their rooms to prepare for the winter.

In June they ate plums and grapes, in July they ate sunflower and beans, and in July and August they had to beat dates and cut gourds. In October, they harvest the paddy and make spring wine to celebrate the birthday of their master. But as soon as the grain entered the warehouse, the peasants had to build public houses for the slave owners. The contrast between the luxurious houses of the slave owners and the shabby and humble living quarters of the peasants is stark. The farmers have to build their houses quickly, because they have to hurry up to grow food in the spring of the next year. How difficult and sad it is for laborers to work like this year after year!

It would be inaccurate to say that workers work hard all year round, without a moment of rest and recreation. In their spare time, everyone will also have a feast. At the end of the year, workers will also invite each other to drink, drink and laugh. The slave owners would gather the whole group together and treat them well. Slave society, this is also the greatest reward given to the laborers by the slave owners. At this time, everyone will raise a glass together to help the owner live forever.

The labor scene, the life picture, the face of the characters, the male ploughing and the female weaving, the relationship between the farmer and the public family, is really a beautiful painting of ancient customs.

In July, the fires fell westward, and in September women sewed winter clothes. The north wind blows strongly in November and the cold air hits people in December. Without good clothes and no rough clothes, how can you spend the end of this year? In the first month, the hoe and plough were repaired, and in February, the plough was plowed. He took his wife and children with him, sent the food to the southern border, and the Tianguan rushed to eat wine and food.

In July, the fires fell westward, and in September women sewed winter clothes. The spring sun is warm, and the orioles are singing gracefully. The girl carried a deep bamboo basket and walked along the path. Stretch out your hand to pick tender mulberry leaves, and the days are getting longer in spring. People come and go to pick white artemisia, and the girl is so sad in her heart that she wants to marry with the nobleman.