Ma Hong became a king, he is a smart man, of course he will not want to jump directly from feudal society to capitalist society, let alone make any comic socialist society, this kind of thing is used to be funny in this era. Pen "Fun" Pavilion www.biquge.info

What to use to strengthen your position? Of course, the feudal social position is the most solid, and there is no germ of capitalism in this era. Ma Hong locked himself in the palace these days, except for receiving war reports, he was thinking about how to reform the system, and he was thinking about how to improve the system in his mind.

First of all, the talent system, the talent system of the first dynasty is the talent system that has been eliminated, and it is also an imperfect talent system, and then the most famous talent election system that will appear in history is only Chen Qun's nine-product Zhongzheng system, and the imperial examination system of Yang Guang, Emperor Yang Guang of the Sui Dynasty, who played to death.

During the Han Dynasty and the Han Dynasty, by the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, it had been manipulated and used by the clan of the gate lords, who swayed the public opinion of the township at that time, so that the inspection and examination bred all kinds of phenomena, and the small and medium-sized landlords and their intellectuals who asked to participate in politics had sharp contradictions, and the struggle was fierce on the issue of how to elect officials. After Cao **, after Cao Pi adopted Chen Qun's initiative, Jiupin Zhongzheng made the main election system during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. At that time, however, the probation had not yet been completely abolished. The Jiupin Zhongzheng system was born in this background situation. In fact, it is just a manifestation of Cao Pi's submission to the gate valve, Cao Cao has been engaged in the door valve all his life, and it is Cao Pi's turn to be unable to do it, so he can only want to bow his head to the door valve, Chen Qun proposed the nine-product Zhongzheng system on behalf of the gate valve, and Cao Pi had no choice but to accept it. The so-called Zhongzheng is the person in charge of evaluating the characters in a certain area, that is, the Zhongzheng official. The state has a large central official who is in charge of the evaluation of the characters in several counties in the state, and each county has a small central official. The Zhongzheng officials were originally elected by the county governors, and after the Jin Dynasty, they were elected by Situ in the three princes of the imperial court. This is the main duty of the Central Officer. The Lieutenant was responsible for evaluating scholars of his same nationality, including those in the prefecture and in other counties.

There are three main contents of the tasting:

1. Family background: that is, family origin and background. It refers to the seniority of the fathers and grandparents, the situation of the eunuchs and the level of the title. These materials are called books or books, and they are something that the central magistrate must master in detail.

2. Behavior: that is, the general evaluation of personal character and ability, which is equivalent to moral evaluation. The general comments of the Wei and Jin dynasties are generally very concise, such as "the talent is brilliant, bright and outstanding", "the virtue is excellent and the ability is few", etc.

3. Determine the grade: that is, determine the grade. In principle, the order is based on the line, and the family history is only for reference. But after the Jin Dynasty, the grade was completely determined by family background. Those who come from poor backgrounds can only be set at the bottom of the grade, no matter how high the comments are; Those who come from wealthy families can also be ranked in the top class if they are not in good shape. As a result, it became a situation at that time that "there was no poor family in the upper grades, and there were no scholars in the lower grades".

The Jiupin Zhongzheng system is completely in service of the aristocracy, the government of the two Jin Dynasty is basically controlled by the aristocratic door valve, this system may be very in line with the current social situation, the door valve is rampant, if Ma Hong wants to get the support of the door valve, then the Jiupin Zhongzheng system is a very good choice, but this is also a system with endless troubles, as a traverser Ma Hong decided to give up after careful thinking.

Then the rest is the imperial examination system, after Emperor Wen of Sui ascended the throne, the nine-product Zhongzheng system was abolished. In April of the third year of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, the edict decreed that civil and military officials who have a ministry can be "filial piety and knowledge", "virtuous and generous", "righteous can be called", "clean conduct", "strong and upright", "unforgiving", "excellent academics", "beautiful literary talents", "talented generals", "arrogant and strong" and other 10 imperial examination people. Jinshi two subjects, and with "trial strategy" to take the scholar. The Sui Dynasty was the dynasty that ended the Jiupin Zhongzheng system, and since then the emperor has had the upper hand in the process of fighting with the gate valve, and Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty pioneered the imperial examination system.

In the Tang Dynasty, the imperial examination system was reformed and developed, and Tang Taizong, Wu Zetian, and Tang Xuanzong were the key figures in establishing and perfecting the imperial examination. In the Tang Dynasty, the subjects of the examination were divided into two categories: regular subjects and system subjects. The annual periodical examination is called the regular department, and the examination held temporarily by the emperor's edict is called the system department.

The imperial examination system improved the previous employment system, completely broke the monopoly of blood hereditary relations and clans, and some capable scholars from the middle and lower classes of society entered the upper class of society and got the opportunity to display their talents. The imperial examination system has gone through more than 1,300 years and has become the world's longest-lasting method of selecting talents. Ma Hongsi looked ahead, and finally decided to choose the imperial examination system, after all, if it is not realistic to choose what nine-year compulsory education in the 21st century, it is not realistic to use the imperial examination system in this era, it is not realistic to say that the imperial examination system is just from the gate valve and the businessmen to select talents, although the economy of Chu is good now, but the people who can afford to read are still the gate valve and the businessman, the academy founded by Ma Hong also collects the money of the gate valve and the businessman, and the poor people are now unable to study at all, because the stomach is just filled, How can he have the energy and time to study, Ma Hong also knows that his choice will offend the gate lords and soldiers, but for the sake of Qianqiu, he has to make a choice, the imperial examination system may not be obvious in the current popularization effect, but after 30 years, 50 years, 100 years, the imperial examination system will be truly perfected.

The reform of the talent system is determined, the next thing to do is the reform of the official position, if the modern official position and military rank are put in this ancient period, it is obviously a little funny, and the people of this era will not be able to accept it for a while, in the long river of history to take its essence, choose some of the most favorable things to integrate, synthesize a new set of order, a new official system, this is a good thing for Ma Hong, this is a good thing for the world, this is a good thing for those who fought on the battlefield, It was also a good thing for the soldiers and generals who fought bloodily.

For official positions, Ma Hong first thought of the three-province six-ministry system. The three-province six-ministry system is a set of well-organized central bureaucracy in feudal society. It was established in the Sui Dynasty, and since then until the end of the Qing Dynasty, the six-part system has basically remained unchanged; For the three-province system, Shangshu Province was formed in the Eastern Han Dynasty (then known as Shangshutai); The Zhongshu Province and the Menxia Province were formed during the Three Kingdoms with the aim of dividing and limiting the power of the Shangshu Province. In the process of development, the organizational form and power evolved, and it was not until the Sui Dynasty that it was neatly organized into three provinces and six ministries, which were mainly responsible for the formulation, review and implementation of central decrees and policies. The rulers of different periods made some adjustments and additions that were conducive to strengthening the centralization of power. The governors of the three provinces, Shizhong, Zhongshuling, and Shangshuling, were equivalent to the prime ministers of the Qin and Han dynasties. Emperor Wen of Sui set up three divisions, three dukes, and five provinces in the central government (Shangshu, Menxia, Neishi, secretaries, and internal servants). The Third Division and the Third Duke are just a kind of honorary titles. Among the five provinces, only the three provinces of Shangshu, Menxia, and Neishi are the real central authorities (the secretary is in charge of books and classics, and his duties are lighter; The inner province is in charge of serving the palace and entrusts the eunuchs). Each of the three provinces has a clear division of labor. Shangshu Province is the highest administrative organ of the state. It consists of six departments: officials, rites, soldiers, degree branches (later changed to households), capital officials (later changed to punishments) and workers, and handles various affairs with temples and Taiwan. Each ministry has a secretary as the supreme officer, who is in charge of the administrative affairs of the department. (To be continued.) )