Pinggong asked again: Why did you order Li to drink wine? Du Yu replied: Li Diao is your favorite courtier, and his responsibility is to persuade the monarch to make mistakes, but he is greedy for eating and drinking, and completely ignores the fault of the monarch's rudeness, so he is punished for drinking. Pinggong asked again: Then why do you let yourself drink? Du Zheng replied: I am the butcher who serves you, and it is my duty to provide food and shame, and now I dare to overstep my duty to admonish the fault of the king, so I should also punish myself.

Pinggong said: The widow is also at fault, pour a glass of wine, and you should also punish me with a glass. So Du Yu washed the wine glass, poured a glass of wine, raised it and handed it to Pinggong. After Pinggong finished drinking, he said to the attendants on the left and right: Even after I die, don't throw away this wine glass. From that time to the present, the act of raising the glass and handing it to the king after offering sake to all the people is called "Du Ju".

After the death of his uncle Fumiko, his son Shu asked the king for the name 谥 (shì), saying: The doctor will be buried in three months, and now that the burial date is approaching, please give the deceased husband a nickname so that he can be called in the future. Wei Linggong said: In the past, when the former Weiguo encountered a famine in a fierce year, the master gave porridge to help the hungry people, isn't this a manifestation of loving the people and giving charity, which is in line with the word "Hui" in the "Fa". In the past, there was a civil strife in the former country, and the master desperately defended me, isn't this in line with the word "chastity" on the "Confessional Law"? According to the rules of etiquette, the master should respect the noble people and be humble in front of the humble people, and use this method to communicate with the suburbs, so that the prestige of the country will not be dishonored. Therefore, we can use "Zhenhui Fumiko" as the name of the Master.

(The law is the rule of adding names to the dead.) After the death of emperors, princes, ministers, etc., the imperial court will give him an evaluative title according to his deeds and morality during his lifetime. There are many opinions on the age of the law: there are three emperors and five emperors, the Zhou metric system, the middle of the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Warring States period. The first two are old sayings, and the last two are modern ones. Wang Guowei asserts that the middle of the Western Zhou Dynasty produced the law of confession, based on excavated materials and cultural relics. After the death of the Son of Heaven and the princes, the emperor agreed on the name. ）

(When the law was just emerging, there were no strict regulations, and it was generally just the nostalgia of the descendants for the merits of the ancestors, and there was no evil name.) The good and evil of the nickname were produced after the riot of the people of the Zhou Li Kingdom. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the law was gradually institutionalized, and the so-called situation of "sons commenting on their fathers, and subordinates commenting on monarchs" appeared. At this time, due to the large number of countries, the standards of each country are also different, some are lenient and some are strict, but there is one thing in common, that is, the good and evil of the name are determined according to the deeds of the princes. In terms of time, countries generally have strict standards for giving nicknames in the early stage, and gradually relax the standards in the later stage. ）

(Since the time of Confucius, Confucianism has consciously used epithets as a means of teaching etiquette to praise and depreciate characters and save the social atmosphere.) During the Qin Dynasty, Qin Shi Huang did not intend for future generations to talk about him, so he abolished the law. During the Han Dynasty, it re-emerged, and it was very strict. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, due to social turmoil, the law gradually developed to the common people. In the Tang and Song dynasties, the law was developed to the extreme. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the law became a tool for the emperor alone. ）

(A good name for the scholarly class, both during life and after death.) As a ruler, in order to attract talents, two methods were adopted, one was to give the scholar a high-ranking official during his lifetime, and the other was to give the scholar a nickname after his death. In the Han Dynasty, there was generally only one word, and the word "Hou" was added at the end. There are also two words, but there are relatively few, such as Zhuge Liang, whose nickname is Zhongwu Hou. Because of Zhuge Liang's personality charm, Zhongwu became the goal pursued by scholars. Generally speaking, the nickname in the Han Dynasty was given relatively late, generally a few years after the death of the scholar, and only Zhuge Liang, Jiang Wan, Fei Yi, and Fa Zheng were the exceptions in Shu State, which were given when they died. ）

(The conferral of the title is also based on the status of the scholar, not everyone can give it.) In the Jin Dynasty, the best nickname was Wenwen, because Wang Dao got it. In the Tang Dynasty, it was Wenzhen, and several famous ministers in the Tang Dynasty basically had this nickname. In the Song Dynasty, because of avoidance, Wenzhen was changed to Wenzheng. After Fan Zhongyan's death, he was nicknamed Wenzheng, because of Fan Zhongyan's personality charm and influence, Wenzheng became the pursuit of scholars and doctors from then on. ）

(The main content of the "Confessional Law" is: Zhou Gongdan and Taigongwang created the foundation of becoming kings.) Because King Wu made great contributions in Makino and was about to be buried after his death, he formulated a nickname, so he also explained the law of making a confession. The name is a record of behavior, and the number is a sign of merit; The costume of the chariot and horse is the expression of status. Therefore, high morals have a great name; If you are morally low, you get a small name. Moral behavior comes from oneself, and the name is given by others. ）

(He who cannot be named is called "God"; Those who are virtuous and virtuous are called "holy", and those who respect guests and etiquette are called "holy"; Virtue is like heaven and earth, and he is called "emperor"; Those who stabilize the people and follow the law are called "emperors"; Those who collect benevolence and righteousness are called "kings"; He who rewards and punishes justice is called "king", and the people are called "king" after him; The establishment of a system for everyone is called "public"; The behavior that is responded to by the eight parties is called "Hou"; The nickname "Jane" for moral single-mindedness and unremitting slackness is the nickname "Jane" for being easy and not slandering and slandering others. ）

(The nickname "Wen" that conforms to the natural laws of heaven and earth, the nickname "Wen" that is broad and profound in morality, the nickname "Wen" that is diligent and inquisitive, the nickname "Wen" that is kind and loving to the people, the nickname "Wen" that is merciful and polite to the people, and the nickname "Wen" that bestows titles on the people.) The strong and polite nickname is "Wu", the mighty, wise and virtuous nickname is "Wu", the nickname is "Wu" to calm the turmoil by defeating disasters, the nickname "Wu" is to use the legal system to govern the people so that the people can obey it, and the nickname "Wu" is to be greedy for great achievements and often use soldiers. ）

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