Chapter 182: The Sino-Burmese Border Issue

In accordance with the results of the referendum on the ownership of seven northeastern Indian states and United Nations Resolution 1370A, the Chinese government accepted the request of seven northeastern Indian states to join the People's Republic of China, and after discussion and decision at the special session of the National People's Congress, it decided to approve the application of this region to join the People's Republic of China, and officially included the region in the territory of the People's Republic of China from June 16, 1956. The Shannan Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China was established in this region, and the accompanying ethnic groups of the entire Special Administrative Region enjoyed equal rights with the other 56 ethnic groups in China.

The Central People's Political Axe stated that it would vigorously support the development of the Shannan Special Economic Zone and give priority to the economic and cultural development of the Shannan Special Economic Zone. It was also decided to exempt the Shannan Special Administrative Region from the task of handing over the central government tax collection for 10 years.

The party committee of the base has long planned the large-scale economic construction of the Shannan Special Economic Zone. As early as 1953, this plan was submitted to Premier Zhou Enlai by Li Dawei on behalf of the Party Committee of the base. This plan has been fully demonstrated by the State Council and relevant ministries and commissions, and it is believed that it is indeed feasible, so it was implemented in accordance with this plan immediately after the establishment of the Shannan Special Economic Zone. A number of enterprises directly under the central government and various provinces and municipalities have taken the lead in entering this area to provide counterpart support to the Shannan Special Economic Zone. In short, all the pieces have started together, setting off a construction of Shannan Special Economic Zone.

The 1st Mechanical Engineering Division of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, which had distinguished itself in outstanding achievements, built the 1,937-kilometer Qinghai-Tibet Highway from Xining City in Qinghai Province to Lhasa City in Tibet Province in August 1952, and then transferred to Ali and Xinjiang Provinces in Tibet Province to complete the construction of the new Tibet-Tibet Highway. In just two months, nearly 200 kilometres of improvised road from Natso district to Tezpur were built. A large construction army passed through the south of Tibetan Province, through the Brahmaputra River, through the Chittagong in East Pakistan to the Shannan Special Economic Zone, and all parts of the Shannan Special Economic Zone, especially on both sides of the Yarlung Zangbo River in the Shannan Special Economic Zone, (the original Brahmaputra River was called the Brahmaputra River after entering India, and now it has been abolished, collectively referred to as the Brahmaputra River) and set up camp. Since then, it has become the largest immigrant area in China, concentrating immigrants from all over the country, and the Shannan Special Zone of various cultures will be blended, and the hybridization of various cultures will inevitably produce the new and most dynamic immigrant culture, which is the most dynamic and creative.

Deng Feng sent a telegram to the supreme chief, suggesting that the central government should organize and mobilize the population of the rocky desertification areas in Guizhou and the areas with serious soil erosion in Shaanxi and Gansu in a planned manner from now on to evacuate a large number of people to the Shannan Special Economic Zone, change the proportion of ethnic population in the Shannan Special Economic Zone, accelerate the Sinicization of this area, and encourage intermarriage with the local indigenous people. At the same time, the rocky desertification areas of Guizhou and the areas with serious soil erosion in Shaanxi and Gansu were closed for afforestation, and the ecological vegetation there was restored, the soil erosion of the Loess Plateau was reduced, and the water of the Yellow River became clear.

Of course, the supreme leader has a far-sighted understanding of the strategic significance of this SEZ in the Indian Ocean region, and has given full support to Deng Feng, the top leader of the SEZ, and has naturally given all-round guidance and vigorous support to the construction of the Shannan SEZ in all aspects.

Chen Jing faced this new territory where Deng Feng could call for wind and rain, of course she would not let it go, and she personally led the elite soldiers of Blue Sky Farm to seize this and the huge market. Part of Shenyang's modern agricultural demonstration area was directly moved here, and large chicken farms, dairy farms, pig farms, feed factories, and large modern farms were built. At the same time, modern agricultural techniques are taught to immigrants from the interior and to the local indigenous people. Help them establish a number of vegetable, meat, and egg food bases. Let them put down roots as soon as possible and become rich. Because this is a socialist country, it is absolutely permissible to let some people who got rich first oppress and exploit those who have not become rich.

The timber processing plant began to thin the primeval deep forests here, and loaded the primary-processed timber on ships and transported it to various parts of the motherland; Oil rigs and steel companies moved into an industrial zone formed by Digboy and Digbrugger Namstrup. Some labor-intensive garment processing industries and toy manufacturing industries have entered the Shannan Special Economic Zone to increase the employment of local indigenous people. Higher education here is better than in other parts of China, and groups of highly educated people are assigned to the interior of the motherland to transform their cultural genes.

A highway from the town of Domduma in the northeast to Chittagong in the southwest to the southeast of Pakistan, a highway from the northeast to the southwest of the Special Administrative Region, and a highway from Siliguri county in the west along the Brahmaputra River to the east and west to the town of Domduma, these two highways that seem to have brought down the V-shaped two highways and connected the Shannan Special Administrative Region like a flying pigeon. Two large airports were built in Mizo City (formerly Mizoram State) in the southern part of the Shannan Special Administrative Region and Guwa City (formerly Guwahati City) in the northern part of the Special Administrative Region.

The world's largest hydropower station, the Brahmaputra River Hydropower Station, is under construction and is about to enter the main project construction stage. China can finally build a dam on the upper reaches of the Brahmaputra River, and no longer has to worry about India's displeasure to build it, as later generations did. There is no need to bother with the Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman telling India, "China is a responsible country and will not do anything that is detrimental to the interests of its neighbors." "That's bullshit.

With modern factories, high-rise buildings rising from the ground and a dazzling array of commercial streets, the fast-growing Shannan Special Economic Zone has established a good image for China in South Asia and the Indian Ocean region. Both immigrants and the indigenous people of Shannan are proud to be part of the Shannan Special Zone in China.

When China's Shannan Special Economic Zone was established, leaders from some neighboring countries and regions came to attend the ceremony, and Deng Feng talked about border issues with the leaders of Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, Pakistan, the South Asian People's Republic, and Myanmar who came to celebrate the ceremony. A package solution for China was proposed, and most countries expressed acceptance of China's proposal.

In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, there were many border issues left over from history with its neighbors. In some cases, the borders of the same countries were never formally demarcated, while in some cases some of the borders with the same countries were demarcated before liberation, but some of them were still not demarcated. Even with the borders that have been demarcated, there are some problems that need to be addressed. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Premier Zhou Enlai devoted a lot of effort to personally resolving the border issues left over from history in order to build peace with his neighbors. In order to create a peaceful and stable surrounding environment for New China and do a good job in national construction, we have to be aggrieved.

But all this changed with the arrival of the base in this era. Through the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the principle of the Party Committee of the base against China's core interests is that no matter who the territorial issue is not conceded to an inch, the formal demarcation that has not been determined will be irreparably reversed and reinstated in the previous one. The unequal treaties imposed on us by the imperialist powers are overthrown. For this reason, Deng Feng, Li Dawei and others have talked with the principal responsible comrades of the Central Committee many times. Deng Feng and Li Dawei's views were unswervingly encouraged and supported by the top leaders.

After the inaugural meeting of the Shannan Special Administrative Region, Deng Feng met with Burmese Prime Minister U Ba Rui, who had come to congratulate the establishment of the Shannan Special Administrative Region, in the ancient Scottish-style castle in the eastern suburbs of Shillong City, Meghala.

Myanmar Prime Minister U Ba Sung once again expressed his heartfelt congratulations on the establishment of China's Shannan Special Administrative Region.

As the top leader of the party, government, and military of the SAR, Deng Feng expressed his gratitude to Burmese Prime Minister U Bar Shwe for coming to attend the inaugural meeting of China's Shannan Special Economic Zone despite his busy schedule.

After a few words of greeting, the two sides entered the official topic to be discussed.

Deng Feng said bluntly: "I am a soldier, and I will not use more diplomatic rhetoric, and today I would like to take the opportunity of your visit to the Shannan Special Economic Zone to attend the celebration meeting to exchange views with you on the border issue between China and Burma. The Sino-Burmese border issue is a legacy of British imperialism, and neither the political axe of China nor Burma is directly responsible for it. However, if we cannot solve the border issue, which is most likely to cause controversy, we will not be able to concentrate on economic construction. Mr. Prime Minister, as you know, China has always advocated a reasonable settlement of the border issue through negotiation in accordance with the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. Of course, negotiation sometimes doesn't solve all problems, so what can we do? That can only be solved in a way like India, which is a way that none of us wants to, but which we have to take. ”

"Director Deng, first of all, I have a question, are you talking to me about the border issue between our two countries on behalf of the local political axe of the Shannan Special Administrative Region or on behalf of the Chinese political axe?" Myanmar Prime Minister U Ba Swe asked questioningly.

"Mr. Prime Minister, this is a matter of common sense, does the local government have the right to talk about the border issue? Deng Feng asked rhetorically, "I am talking to you about this issue as the plenipotentiary representative of China's political axe. Then Deng Feng said very seriously: "After the British ruled Burma in 1885, in order to expand its colonial territory, they created a lot of disputes on the Sino-Burmese border issue, and took the opportunity to invade and occupy Chinese territory; At the same time, the border issue has also seriously affected the national feelings of the Chinese and Burmese peoples. Therefore, I hope that both sides can adopt a realistic attitude and resolve the border issue in a fair and reasonable manner through friendly consultations. ”

Burmese Prime Minister U Ba Sung looked at the Chinese [***] who had torn India in half in a week and said: "Now China is a strong country, Myanmar is a weak country, and people are weak and weak. We hope that you, China, will come up with a plan that will satisfy both of us. ”

Deng Feng said: The border issue is based on the principle of equality between the two sides. It doesn't matter the size of the country, whoever is is whom. You can't take more points just because you're small, and you can't give more points because I'm big. Since you said that, let's come up with a plan that will satisfy both of us. Then I'll talk about a rough plan first."

Deng Feng paused and said: "The China-Myanmar border is more than 2,000 kilometers long, and there are problems with three sections of the undefined border. The first section is a section in the Wa Mountains. In 1934, the British sent troops to attack the Banhong and Ban Lao areas, but they were resisted by the local Wa people. In 1941, taking advantage of the most difficult period of China's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Britain used the closure of the Yunnan-Burma Highway as a means to exert pressure on the Kuomintang political axe, and on June 18, 1941, the Kuomintang political axe demarcated a one-sided favorable boundary in the Wa Mountains in the Wa Mountains, and included a piece of land under the jurisdiction of Banhong and Ban Lao into British territory. This is the so-called "1941 line". You, Burma, inherited this agreement and included the lands of the Banhong and Panlao districts into the Shan State of Burma. The '1941 Line' was an unjust treaty signed by British imperialism by extremely immoral means and taking advantage of the danger of others.

Burmese Prime Minister U Ba Sung said: "I fully understand the dissatisfaction of your country and the people with the 1941 line, but since this section of the border has been demarcated by the Kuomintang political axe and the British political axe representing the Chinese state power at that time, I ask your national political axe to recognize it, and request your national political axe to withdraw from the area west of the 1941 line." ”

Deng Feng thought of the border treaty signed between China and Myanmar 60 years later, and China aggrieved to give up its sovereignty over the region. Immediately indignantly said: "No! The 1941 line had to be abolished, and that was imposed on the Chinese people by the British gang of bastards when neither the Chinese and Burmese people could make their own decisions. ”

"In any case, the '1941 line' is a border treaty that has already been signed." Wu Barui said unhurriedly: "If your country's political axe rejects the 1941 line, you will have to revise the treaty or abolish this treaty, can I understand it this way, all the treaties that demarcated the border in the past history can be changed?" ”

Deng Feng nodded and said: "Your understanding is very correct, as long as it is unequal, if it is only imposed on the Chinese people, no matter who signs it, it will be pushed anew." ”

"Mr. Director, you just said that China has always advocated a fair and reasonable settlement of the border issue through friendly consultations in accordance with the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. Isn't this contradictory to what you just said? ”

"There is no contradiction at all, the premise for resolving the border issue through friendly consultation is fair and reasonable, and without this premise, the basis for friendly consultation will be lost. Therefore, it is necessary to reinvent the wheel of unfair and unreasonable treaties. ”

The Prime Minister of Myanmar was silent, silently looking at this arrogant soldier in his heart.

"Well, I will make it clear today, put the problem in a clear way, and show my country's attitude that negotiation is one of the means to solve the problem, and that taking the same way as India is also one of the means to solve the problem. All in all, the boundary problem is to be solved. Go back and figure it out. See how to solve it? ”

(To be continued)