**〖〗The central government originally scheduled Luo Ronghuan to go to Yan'an for treatment, and ** came to Shandong to replace him. However, when passing through Huaiyang, the central government ordered it to go to eastern Hebei. Luo Ronghuan's plan to go to Yan'an was also canceled.

Luo Ronghuan was already in poor health at this time, and in order to organize the troops to cross the sea and various tasks in Shandong, he often slept only a few hours a night. He entrusted Xu Shiyou to organize the maritime command and mobilized more than 3o motorboats and more than o sailing ships to transport troops in the two ports of Méng City and Longkou respectively.

On January 24, after Luo Ronghuan received a telegram ordering him to "lead the light command organ to go to the northeast within a few days", he led Li Zuopeng, chief of staff, Su Jing, director of intelligence, He Jingzhi, director of supply, Huang Nong, minister of health, and Dr. Luo Shengte, an international friend, as well as some agency personnel and one battalion of the special service regiment, from Linyi, Shandong. Along the way, Luo Ronghuan, who has a very serious kidney disease, has been urinating blood, but he persevered with amazing perseverance. On November 5, they arrived in Longkou, Shandong, where Luo Ronghuan disguised himself as a merchant and boarded a small steamboat with his entourage.

When Luo Ronghuan crossed the sea and passed through the sea in Dalian, he was stopped by a Soviet patrol boat for inspection. The captain of the Soviet army asked, "Are you the commander of the Shandong Military Region of the Eighth Route Army?" Seeing that Luo Ronghuan was wearing a robe and a horse coat, and he was also wearing a pair of deep glasses, the captain of the Soviet army couldn't believe that this was the famous Commander Luo.

Luo Ronghuan explained for a long time, but the captain of the multi-military still didn't believe it. In order to prove his identity, Luo Ronghuan asked the guards to bring a photo of him and **. The captain of the Soviet Navy recognized **, and also recognized Luo Ronghuan in the photo, and immediately stood up and saluted a military salute, and said, "Comrade commander, I'm sorry" Please forgive me, I have to perform my duties. ”

When Luo Ronghuan asked if he could land from Dalian, Captain Su resolutely did not allow it.

After dozens of hours of fighting, "finally landed at a place called Maung Ziwo (now Pikou, Xinjin County)." Then take a train to Shenyang to meet Peng Zhen and others.

Li Fuchun, member of the Central Committee, Zhang Wentian, and Gao Gang, members of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, left Yan'an in January, took a plane to Handan, and then went to the Northeast via Chengde, and arrived in Shenyang around the 2nd of the month.

From August 1945 onwards, members of the Politburo were sent to the Northeast for six consecutive periods. There are more than 2o members and alternate members of the Central Committee. They are: members of the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee. Members and alternates of the Central Committee Peng Zhen and Chen Yun: Politburo members Gao Gang and Zhang Wentian: Members of the Central Committee**,

Luo Ronghuan, Li Fuchun, Li Lisan, Cai Chang, Lin Feng: Alternate members of the Central Committee Huang Kecheng, Wang Bingdao, Tan Zheng, Cheng Zihua, Wang Jiaxiang, Xiao Jinguang, Wan Yi, Lu Zhengcao, Gu Dacun, Chen Yu.

The Central Military Commission mobilized a large number of high-ranking party, government, and military cadres into the Northeast, strengthened the strength of the Northeast, prepared a strong leadership force for opening up the Northeast General Base Area, and prepared a strong leadership force for the Kuomintang to face the imminent all-out civil war of the Kuomintang, and laid a good organizational foundation.

In order to enable the troops of the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army to enter the northeast as soon as possible, the central government spared no effort, and with the strategic principle of "spreading to the north and defending to the south," the central government instructed the central bureaus, sub-bureaus, and district party committees to send telegrams one after another to the "hills" of the central bureaus, sub-bureaus, and district party committees, and to "arrange for all departments to march day and night to the northeast."

On September 17, the central government instructed Xiao Hua to immediately lead dozens of cadres to Shenyang in civilian clothes to contact the Northeast Bureau without delay.

On the same day, the Central Records Office called Liu Bocheng and Jiao Xiaoping, and decided that he was going to work in Hunan and the 5th Division of the New Fourth Army. Zhang Qilong's unit went to work in the northeast, and the sooner the troops went out, the better.

On September 18, Peng Zhen and Chen Yun sent a report on the situation of the sea route to Wan Yi, Luo Ronghuan, Li Yu, Xu Shiyou, and Lin Hao. The telegram pointed out: "............, on the way to the Jiaobei Beizhuang River, in the direction of Weihai, US submarines are shining with searchlights on the sea, and we have heard that 13 US ships have indeed entered the Bohai Sea,............ In the unlikely event that the armed forces of the US warships can be insisted on being the Jireliao and Letingshan customs troops, (more than half) can insist on being refugees and return to the northeast to survive. ”

In order to cover the cadres and troops of the liberated areas that broke into the eastern part of the country and prevent the Kuomintang army from entering the northeast, the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region did its best to block and attack the northward troops of the Kuomintang army. In late September, the central government immediately transferred 60,000 troops from Shandong to eastern Hebei and entered the northeast: the main force of the New Fourth Army was transferred from Jiangnan to Jiangbei: the main force of the New Fourth Army in Jiangbei was withdrawn to Shanji.

On September 2o, Peng Zhen sent cadres and troops to the northeast to send a message to the central government. whisper

Cheng, Luo, Liang, Xu, Lin, and Wan Dian pointed out: "The conditions for this exhibition are very good, and two provincial governments have already been received, and three provincial governments are sending people to take over the governments of Jinzhou and Shenyang."

On the same day, the central government instructed Peng Zhen and Chen Yun. The telegram is as follows: Peng Zhen and Chen Yun: ............, the Central Committee of the People's Republic of China (CPC) on the 19th -- you should rely on the strength of Shandong and organize an army of 20,000 to 30,000 in the northeast within two and a half months to complete the task.

On September 2o, 1945, in accordance with the strategic deployment of the Central Military Commission and the Central Military Commission, the main forces of the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army and a large number of cadres marched to the northeast.

Shandong is the focus of the central government's troop transfer. This is due to Shandong's geographical proximity to the northeast, which can be carried north by sea, which is conducive to gaining time; in addition, because of the large proportion of the population in the northeast who have migrated from Shandong, it is easy for Shandong troops to enter the northeast to fight with the local people.

For this reason, in late August, the central government ordered the Wan Yi Department of the Shandong Military Region to cross the sea and go north, but because there were no troops to take over the defense, it was delayed for some days. The central government was not satisfied with this and criticized Shandong several times for its slow action.

On September 19, the central government clearly instructed Shandong to prepare to undertake the main task of marching into the northeast. On September 2o of the following year, ** called the Shandong Branch and instructed: "The task of expanding the Northeast, controlling the eastern Hebei and Rehe, and then controlling the Northeast, except for the troops and cadres sent from all over the country, the Central Government completely relies on you and the troops and cadres of Shandong." In principle, it must be completed with the full strength of Shandong, and it must be carried out with all its might, and the sooner the better. He also asked Luo Ronghuan and Xiao Hua to go to the northeast soon. Luo Ronghuan, commander and political commissar of the Shandong Military Region, quickly dispatched troops and generals in accordance with the requirements of the central government. The 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 6th, 7th and 5th divisions of the main force, and the 3rd Garrison Brigade and two other detachments, totaling more than 60,000 people, went to the northeast in batches.

In order to implement the spirit of the instructions of the Central Committee of September 2o, Luo Ronghuan and Li Gong made the decision to quickly transfer troops and cadres in the northeast. The decision pointed out: Lin and Xiao reported to Peng Zhen at the same time: (1) Shandong decided to transfer six regiments to the east of the army in the northeast and eastern Hebei, and Wan Yi's two regiments went to the northeast by sea from Jiaodong, and Wan Yi and Wu Kehua had already set off on the 22nd, and Xiao could rush to the coast within a few days.

(2) The three regiments of the Bohai Sea led by Liu Qiren have entered the eastern part of Hebei from the Bohai Sea by sea............ The two divisions of the main force of Binhai took this route to prepare for the ............ of the eastern Hebei operation, (3) the cadres of the rest of the regiment will continue to transport the Jiaodong export ............, Luo and Li were in charge of the overall situation in Shandong on September 24, 1945, and Luo Ronghuan could not leave immediately, because Chen Yi, who took over his work, was still on the way (Luo was on May 5 to go to the northeast). In order to carry out the order of the central government, Luo Ronghuan endured great pain, commanded with illness, ordered Xiao Hua's department to cross the sea first, and other troops crossed the Yellow River to the north by Route 6, leaving Xu Shiyou, commander of the Jiaodong Military Region, and others in Shandong to persist in the struggle so that they could take over Chen Yi's command in the next step. It wasn't until early January, after Chen Yi entered Shandong, that Luo Ronghuan breathed a sigh of relief.

On the day of September 25th, ** issued a strict order to Chen Yi, Luo Ronghuan and others to cross the sea, pointing out: Crossing the sea and fighting in the field are heavy, and the most urgent thing to cross the sea is to ask Luo and Li to organize the sea crossing to make it continuous every day, and the flow of north transportation is continuous. Shandong should send 10,000 soldiers, please 6 lines respectively, shipping, next month must be finished, and all arrive in Liaoning Province needs to be urgent, the sooner the better.

In fact, Luo Ronghuan didn't dare to slack off at all, and he grasped it quite tightly.

On September 28, the central government once again telegraphed to Luo Ronghuan: The march of troops and the transportation of cadres to the northeast and eastern Hebei are strategic actions that have a bearing on the overall situation of the whole country at present, and will play a decisive role in the future struggle of our party and the people of the country. In the present time is everything, and a day of delay is a day's loss.

On September 29, the central government issued a stern order for the third time, pointing out that it must be 2

o Twenty or thirty thousand troops and cadres will be crossed within a day to a month, otherwise you will never be able to complete your strategic ............mission, and you must cross the sea with all your might, and you will not allow a moment of delay.

The central government's requirements for Shandong are getting tighter and tighter.

On January 18, the Central Committee and the China Bureau, Luo Ronghuan, Chen Yi, Li Yu, etc., also reported to the Northeast Bureau, pointing out: In addition to leaving two armed divisions in Shandong as the backbone and not transferring, the second batch of troops going to the Northeast (Hua Yefei Column is not included) will strive to take out enough 50,000 troops (including the local armed forces and military engineering teams, these troops can play a big role in the Northeast) and respectively by sea and 6 lines, and strive to reach the Northeast in November, the sooner the better.

On November 1o, ** called Chen Yi and Li Yu to instruct: "Please order Luo Shunchu's two stones and ten thousand people to cross the sea in the north, without a moment's delay, encourage morale along the way, and strive for time. And asked Ye Feibu about the northward advance.

This troop transfer can be described as a major move for the Shandong Military Region, and the scale is unprecedented, and it is also a decisive step in the strategy of the Kuomintang and the Kuomintang in the struggle for the northeast. According to historical statistics, the troops of the Shandong Military Region that have successively arrived in the northeast are: The Northeast Tǐng Advance Column (renamed from the Binhai Detachment) led by Wan Yi, commander of the Binhai Naval Region and head of the Binhai Detachment, crossed the sea from Luanjiakou in Penglai County, Shandong and Longkou in Huangxian County, respectively, and climbed in the areas of Ziwo, Zhuanghe, and Xiaogushan on the Liaodong Peninsula for 6 and arrived in the areas of Panshi, Hailong, and Xifeng in October: Xiao Hua, director of the Political Department of the Shandong Military Region, led more than 1OO cadres and troops of the divisional, political, and rear organs of the Shandong Military Region. From Luanjiakou, Penglai County, cross the sea to Dalian Deng 6. At the end of the month, Xiao Hua reported to the Northeast Bureau. All the troops arrived in the Andong area at the beginning of January: Wu Kehua, commander of the 5th Division of the Jiaodong Military Region, and Peng Jiaqing, political commissar, led 2 regiments of the 5th Division and 3 regiments of the 6th Division, a total of 6ooo

people, crossing the Liaodong Peninsula by sea, all arrived in the Yingkou area on January 24.

The 7th Division of the Bohai Naval Region was 120,000 people, led by Yang Guofu, commander of the 7th Division, and Liu Qiren, the political commissar of the Bohai Military Region, each led 3 regiments, divided into 6 lines, and 1. Arrived at Shanhaiguan in the month. In charge of the Beikou area: Luo Huasheng, commander of the Second Division, and Liu Xingyuan, political commissar, led 75oo people from their headquarters to enter the northeast by sea, and on January 3o, they boarded the 6 Zhuang River and arrived in the area west of Shenyang in early November: The detachment led by Tian Song, the commander of the detachment of the Shandong Military Region, landed on the Liaodong Peninsula by sea and arrived in the Mudanjiang area in November: A total of 4ooo people from the organs directly under the Shandong Military Region, the guard troops and the independent battalion, crossed the sea to the northeast and arrived in the Andong and Shenyang areas in early November.

In addition, Liang Xingchu, commander of the 1st Division, and Liang Biye, political commissar of the 1st Division, led 75oo people from their headquarters to cross the sea to eastern Hebei, and then marched from the 6th Road, and entered the area west of Jinzhou on November 21: the 3rd Division and the 3rd Garrison Brigade led by Luo Shunchu, political commissar of the Lu Military Region, totaled 3oooo people, and arrived in the Liaoyang and Anshan areas in early December: Luo Ronghuan led about 4 troops directly under the organs of the Shandong Military Region

OOO people, from the sea to Liaodong, arrived in the Shenyang area in November.

The above-mentioned Shandong Eighth Route Army troops had a total strength of about 60,000 troops, and the 10,000 troops in the Northeast March in 1945 accounted for about 6o%. It can be seen from this that the Shandong Military Region is the main force of Tǐng's advance into the Northeast, and it forms the basis of the Northeast ** Army. In addition, there are more than 30,000 people in the 3rd Division of the New Fourth Army, which also accounts for about 3o% of the troops in the northeast, and its strength cannot be taken lightly.

Huang Kecheng, commander and political commissar of the 3rd Division of the New Fourth Army, received a telegram from the Central Military Commission on September 23 ordering the main force of the division to go northeast, and immediately deployed troops to the north. Vanguard 1O

The brigade was led by Liu Zhen, deputy commander of the 3rd Division. Subsequently, Huang Kecheng and Ge Division Commander and Chief of Staff Hong Xuezhi led the 7th and 8th Brigades, Independent Brigades and 3 regiments, with a total of 3,500 men on September 2

On the 8th, the troops marched from Huai Yīn in northern Jiangsu, passed through Shandong and Chengde in Hebei, and exited Lengkou, with 320,000 troops, arriving in the Jiangjiatun area near Jinzhou on the 25th of the female month.

It must be pointed out that marching into the northeast is the overall action of the whole party and the whole army, and all deployments, transfers, and operations for the northeast are also for the northeast, so the troops sent to the northeast come from the country's major strategic regions and their Yan'an headquarters. It, Shaanxi, Gansu, Jin, Sui Frontier Army taught the 2nd

Brigade Commander Zhang Huang Yongsheng led the 1st Regiment of the brigade and the 1st Regiment of the 1st Teaching Brigade with a total of 335o people, and the 1OOOO people of the Yan'an Anti-Japanese Military and Political University and 1069 people from the artillery school led by Zhu Rui, deputy chief of the general staff of the Central Military Commission and president of the Yan'an Artillery School, and Qiu Chuangcheng, political commissar, were also ordered to go to the northeast in batches in early September, passing through the northern Shanxi and Chare regions, and arriving in the Zhuoxin and Shenyang areas of Liaoning on November 12. Some units of the Eighth Route Army, which had been carrying out the task of "spreading to the south" and concurrently heading south, also turned around and marched north. For example, after the famous 359th Brigade in 1944, when Wang Zhen led part of his men and horses to form a southward detachment to go deep into the border area of Xianghan, the rest of the more than 33oo people formed the second southward detachment in June 1944 under the leadership of Liu Zhuanlian and Yan Fusheng, and the first police brigade led by Nian Sheng, the commander of the first brigade of the former Shaanxi-Gansu, Jinsui joint defense army, and a total of more than 63oo people from the two divisions also rushed south, planning to meet Wang Zhen in the first plan. In late September, when Liu, Yan, and their subordinates marched to Linxian County, Henan, they suddenly received orders from Liu Bocheng and Jiao Xiaoping, commanders and political commissars of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region, asking them to turn around and go north to the northeast. He was instructed to lay down his heavy weapons and march north lightly.

In early September, 33oo people from Liu and Yanbu left Linxian County, Henan, and advanced to the northeast, arriving in Benxi and Fushun areas at the end of January. In late January, the 3ooo people of the annual department arrived in the Jinzhou area.

The troops sent to the northeast by the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region consisted of 11 regiments and two detachments, with a total of 140,000 people. In addition to the 11th, 12th, 13th, 16th, 18th, and 46th regiments and 2 detachments of the Jireliao Military Region that entered the northeast region in advance, the 31st Hebei led by Sha Ke

The regiment, the 62nd and 71st regiments of Hebei led by Zhou Renjie, also arrived in the northeast region in November. After Li Yunchang arrived in Shenyang, he was transferred to Shenyang with the 15th Regiment in eastern Hebei to serve as a guard for the Northeast Bureau.

The troops sent to the northeast also included the 32nd Regiment of the Jinsui Military Region led by Lu Zhengcao 6oo

people, arrived in Shenyang as early as the beginning of October: Deng Keming led the 24th Regiment of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region1

5oo people, through Hebei north, arrived in the area west of Shenyang in late November: 6oo people of the Taiyue detachment led by Zhou Huan also arrived in the northeast in January in accordance with the requirements of the central government.

The main forces transferred to the northeast from the liberated areas overcame all kinds of hardships and hardships, such as the tight time, the long distance, the cold winter, the lack of clothing, the lack of water and soil, the lack of medicine, and the lack of supplies, and victoriously reached the designated areas in the northeast, totaling 1o and 80,000 people.

In addition, the central government decided to send Chen Liao and Ye Fei's column, as well as the Central Party School and Yan'an University to the Northeast, and finally changed the plan not to go to the Northeast on December 2.

Before the troops went out, the troops generally mobilized to the north and seized the time to educate them on the situation and tasks. It has overcome the mentality that the troops are born in different degrees and that "life will end in the end" and that they must live a peaceful life. Some of them do not have a clear understanding of the reactionary nature of the Kuomintang and have illusions about it, while others still have regional concepts and are unwilling to leave their old areas and their hometowns. These concepts are a serious ideological obstacle to the troops' northward movement to carry out their strategic tasks. In this regard, the various units have carried out education in a targeted manner. The headquarters of the Shandong Military Region and the 3rd Division of the New Fourth Army organized cadres to study and mobilize in the east of the Guan, and urgently gathered troops. In a very short period of time, the troops were successfully gathered and rebuilt, thus ensuring the northward operation.

The troops of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region, the Shanxi-Sui Military Region, and the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo Border Region "could not turn a corner about the expedition for a while in terms of the ideology and feelings of the commanders and fighters." Through education, the ideological understanding of the troops has been greatly enhanced. The vast majority of the teachers and students of the Yan'an Artillery School have never been to the Northeast, and they have eliminated the winter in the Northeast, "as soon as you wipe your nose and nose, you will fall off when you rub your ears and ears, and you will even have to knock down with a small stick to urinate" and other worries after going on the road.

The 3rd Division of the New Fourth Army was on an expedition, defying severe cold, hunger, and extreme exhaustion, and "rushed to the designated position under the conditions of serious attrition of troops and unaccustomed weather and soil." Party, government, and military leaders and the masses of the people in Shandong, northern Jiangsu, and other localities have given strong support to the strategic transfer of the main force.

Luo Ronghuan, commander and political commissar of the Shandong Military Region, and Huang Kecheng, commander and political commissar of the 3rd Division of the New Fourth Army, made careful arrangements for the local party, government, and military work before leading their troops to the north, enriched and strengthened local organizations and leadership at all levels, readjusted some of the leading backbones, expanded the troops, left behind a number of weapons, and strengthened the combat effectiveness of the troops that persisted in the struggle on the spot.

At the same time as the main force marched northward, the central government of the Jin Dynasty also sent a large number of cadres to the northeast with the army to open up this general base area.

When the troops of the Jireliao Military Region marched to the northeast, more than 100 cadres from 25 regiments below the level of the secretary of the prefectural party committee and the director of the administrative office were transferred from the local government to the northeast with the army. On September 2, "more than 8oo cadres led by Zhang Xiushan left Yan'an, and then went to western Shanxi to join Lin Feng's cadre regiment to form a cadre regiment of 15oo people, and arrived in the northeast region in early January under the escort of the armed forces." On September 17, the central government decided to dispatch more than 4P cadres to the designated areas in the northeast. More than 2ooo cadres of the Yan'an Fifth Cadre Team and the 2ooo cadre team who followed the second detachment to the south also entered the northeast with the army on the order of the central government. The 6ooo cadres of the Shandong Military Region formed 3o regiments and entered the northeast with the troops by sea and 6 routes in batches. In accordance with the instructions of the Central Military Commission on January 8, 1945, the Chinese cadres who originally planned to return to Shandong were 3ooo

people, as cadres of 2o regiments, were transferred from China to the Northeast. The Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region organized 25 regiments and 1ooo cadres to gather in batches and go in batches under the cover of the armed forces to reach the northeast in stages.

Under the unified leadership of the Northeast Bureau of the Central Committee, more than 20,000 military, political, technical, and local cadres transferred from various liberated areas were sent to North Manchuria and South Manchuria in accordance with the central government's policy of decentralization. In the vast areas of East and West Manchuria, mobilize the masses, establish political power, and expand the local armed forces.

In such a short period of time, such a large-scale transfer of the Eighth Route Army, the New Fourth Army, and the central party and government organs was unprecedented in history. More than 100,000 troops and cadres are moving on a front of thousands of miles from south to north. There were two aspects to this movement: First, the "defense to the south" was carried out openly, withdrawing from eastern Zhejiang, southern Jiangsu, southern Anhui, and the liberated areas of Anhui to northern Jiangsu and eastern Anhui, while the main forces originally in northern Jiangsu and eastern Anhui were rapidly advancing toward Shandong. Second, the "northward expansion" is also going to Shandong and the northeast, and the armed forces that are moving quickly to the northeast in a state of secrecy are what were these two for at that time? All of them are to defend the achievements of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and establish a certain strength that can compete with the Chiang Kai-shek clique, so as to strive to achieve domestic peace under relatively equal conditions, so that the post-war country will no longer be troubled by war and can embark on a peaceful road of the people.

The negotiations at the highest level in Chongqing did not disperse the clouds of civil war over the land of Shenzhou. The main reason for this war was that Chiang Kai-shek shook hands with the Japanese and made peace on the one hand, but on the other hand, he went out to his subordinates to seize the part of the country and its strategic points that had been recaptured from the hands of the Japanese himself in a bloody battle.

On September 2o, 1945, when the peace talks between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in Chongqing were at an impasse, Chiang Kai-shek sent a top-secret telegram to the commanders of the Kuomintang theaters. The telegram said: The current negotiations with the Jian Party are aimed at examining its demands and objectives in order to delay time, ease the international attention, and seize the opportunity to quickly recover the cities in the center of the occupied areas. To ** control all strategic strongholds,

The line of communication, after the Kou army was completely surrendered, and then with a favorable and superior military situation, the Jian Party made specific negotiations. If he cannot give in under the principle of unity of military orders and government orders, he will be wiped out as bandits.

Chiang Kai-shek's telegram could not have been clearer than an expression of his "true" intentions in dealing with the peace talks. For Chiang Kai-shek, making peace with ** in Chongqing is just a means to stabilize and delay **, in order to gain time to transfer troops and surrender, seize large cities and strategic places across the country, obtain a militarily advantageous position, crush or defeat ** by force, and force ** to submit at the peace table.

However, Chiang Kai-shek's desire to achieve a militarily advantageous position could not be solved by a single move.

Although Chiang Kai-shek kept moving troops to China and North China day and night, after all, it was a long way and there were many difficulties. Fortunately, with the full support of the United States, a huge number of modern naval and air force transport vehicles have been mobilized, and the US Navy and Air Force believes that its troop transport will be further lost at the Chongqing negotiating table, and the "weight" will be even more difficult to suppress.

With Chiang Kai-shek's order, from the beginning of August, his million-strong army from the sea, six air, three lines of communication, murderously poured into North China and China, under the command of Yan Xishan, commander of the Second Theater of Operations, seven armies under his jurisdiction occupied the Tongpu Railway with the main force, and one entered the liberated area in the southeast of Shanxi Province led by ** with Changzhi as the heart, that is, the Shangdang area.

After seizing Guisui, Jining and other cities, the six armies under the command of Fu Zuoyi, commander of the 12th Theater of Operations, marched eastward along the Pingsui Railway, and the front of the troops was directed at Zhangjiakou, the capital of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Liberated Area.

Hu Zongnan, the commander of the First Theater of Operations, did not make any achievements in the eight years of the Anti-Japanese War, but he went down the mountain to pick peaches quickly. Eight armies were dispatched at once, with the main force going east out of Tongguan, along the Longhai Railway to the east, one to cross the Yellow River in the north, along the Tongpu Road to the area north of Linfen, and planned to pass through the Shitai line, east out of Niangzi Pass, into Shijiazhuang and other places.

The commander of the 11th Theater of Operations, Belian Zhong, was also driven by Chiang Kai-shek to command three armies to go north along the Pinghan Railway, and planned to occupy Pingjin and other areas together with Hu Zong's southern part of the country.

Li Yannian, commander of the 11th Theater of Operations, transferred three armies to occupy Shangqiu and Xuzhou, preparing to continue northward and open up the Xuzhou-Jinan section of the Tianjin-Pudong Railway.

Li Pinxian, commander of the 10th Theater of Operations, dispatched two armies in an attempt to occupy Pukou and Bengbu, and planned to establish contact with Chiang's army in Xuzhou.

In addition, Liu Zhi, Yu Hanmou, Xue Yue, and other leaders in the fifth, seventh, and first theaters were also ordered to attack the 5th Division of the New Fourth Army and the southward detachment of the Eighth Route Army led by Wang Zhen and Wang Dao on the border between Yuan and Hunan and Guangdong.

With the assistance of the United States, the degree to which the Kuomintang troops went down the mountain to pick peaches was greatly accelerated.

From September 5 to January 15, the US Air Force transported the three Kuomintang armies to Beijing, Shanghai, Pingping, and Tianjin. That is: the new army was transported from Zhijiang in Hunan to Nanjing, the 94th Army was transported from Liuzhou in Guangxi to Shanghai, and Tianjin was re-transported: the 92nd Army was transported from Hankou to Beilu.

Since the beginning of October, the U.S. Navy has been a seaborne unit of Chiang's army, and has successively entered major cities and strategic points. The legitimate reason for Chiang Kai-shek's all-out march was to surrender and to recover the lost territory that had been occupied by the Japanese for many years. However, in fact, the Japanese puppet army in North China and China and the cities and communication lines in the Japanese puppet occupation areas have long been under the leadership of the Eighth Route Army. The New Fourth Army and other armed forces encircled and controlled it. If Chiang Kai-shek issued an order to allow the Japanese puppet army to surrender to the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army on the spot, then the people's anti-Japanese armed forces could complete the task of surrendering most areas extremely quickly.

However, Chiang Kai-shek did not have the consciousness of the people, and the Kuomintang regime also lacked the ability to open up the self-initiation of the people, and Chiang Kai-shek would never let any mature "peaches" fall into the hands of the people who had been bloody for eight years in the War of Resistance, and he not only had to tie the hands and feet of the people's army, but also had a longer-term plan. He wants to take the opportunity of surrender to occupy more liberated areas and pick more people's anti-Japanese wars, and the "peaches" will eventually crush and crush or offend the world at the cost of offending the world.

However, the Kuomintang people, who had been fighting with Chiang Kai-shek for 18 years, were not Chiang Kai-shek's belongings, and the leaders of the Central Committee and the Central Committee not only had a certain degree of ideological preparation for their peaceful offensive, but were also quite vigilant against their armed attack.

Also on August 11, the Central Committee made a decision on the tasks of our Party after the surrender of Japan. The decision pointed out that after the Soviet Union entered the war, Japan had already announced its surrender. The Kuomintang is actively preparing to "regain lost territory" from our liberated areas

Seize the fruits of victory in the War of Resistance. This battle will be fierce. "......, at the present stage, we should concentrate the main forces to force the enemy to surrender to us and those who do not surrender, launch an offensive according to the specific situation, destroy them one by one, violently expand the liberated areas, occupy all large and small cities and communication arteries that may and must be occupied, seize weapons and resources, and let go of the armed basic masses.

In the coming stage, the Kuomintang may attack us on a large scale, and our party should be prepared to mobilize forces to deal with the civil war, the number and scale of which will be determined according to the situation.

On August 13, ** in a speech entitled (The Current Situation After the Victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and Our Policy) pointed out: "Chiang Kai-shek is for the people, every inch of power must be seized, and every inch of profit must be gained. What about us? Our policy is-for-tat, and every inch of land is contested. ”

This speech pointed out the direction for leading the people's army to resist Chiang Kai-shek and snatch the fruits of the people's victory and resolutely defend the fruits of the people's war of resistance.

In Chiang Kai-shek's ...... of snatching the fruits of victory in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression Regaining the lost territory, Yan Xishan acted as the horn of the sharp front. He tried to redo the dream of the emperor of Shanxi, and most of Shanxi has become a liberated area led by the first leader and has become the fruit of the people's war of resistance.

Yan Xishan began to order his subordinate Shi Zebo, commander of the 19th Army, to seize Xiangyuan and Lucheng when the main force of the Eighth Route Army could not take care of it for a while. Changzhi. The eldest son, the pot off,

Tunliu and other cities controlled the Shangdang area.

Shangdang area, known as Shangdang County in ancient times, is located between Taijing Mountain, Taiyue Mountain, and Tiao Mountain, and during the Anti-Japanese War, "it became the heart area of the anti-Japanese base area in the southeast of Shanxi Province created by the 129th Division of the Eighth Route Army."

There was not a single Kuomintang soldier in the whole region. Now that Shi Zebo's army has taken control of the Shangdang area, it is like a sharp knife inserted into the henchmen in the liberated area. Since the end of August, the Central Military Commission has repeatedly sent telegrams to the leaders of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region to pull out the nail in this deeply liberated area and "recover the Shangdang area."

At the beginning of September, Liu Bocheng, commander of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region, who had returned from Yan'an not long ago. Political Commissar Jiao Xiaoping decided to immediately launch the Shangdang campaign "to give Chiang Kai-shek and Yan Xishan a head-on blow in order to cooperate with the KMT-CCP negotiations in Chongqing."

Liu Bocheng seized the weakness of Shi Zebo's lone army and scattered garrisons, and prepared three main columns and a local unit of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region, totaling more than 80,000 superior troops, to stand by. It was planned to use the main force to break the scattered garrison of the first part of the history department, and then capture the cities on the periphery of Changzhi: at the same time, with most of the troops, focus on the Yan army sent by Changzhi, and take advantage of the victory to capture Changzhi City, and annihilate the Yan army from Taiyuan and Pingyao. The plan was reported to Yan'an and finally approved by Zhou Enlai, who negotiated in Chongqing. Liu Bocheng said that he would fight. On September 1o, the battle officially began. After the 1O day of the Jī War, the troops of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region successively conquered Tunliu, Lucheng, Changzi,

Huguan completely annihilated more than 7ooo people of Yan defenders in the outer cities of Changzhi. However, due to Shi Zebo's very cunning and quick retraction after two aids, Liu Jiao could not complete the annihilation plan, so he began to implement the second step plan, using Yan Xishan's mentality of despising the enemy and rescuing eagerly, until January 6, to annihilate the military reinforcements of each other.

More than 80,000 people, and on January 12, they completely annihilated the enemy who fled from the city, captured the army commander Shi Zebo and Shi Shi alive, and the troops of the Shanxi-Hebei-Luyu Military Region achieved a victory at the cost of 4ooo casualties, annihilating 11 divisions and 1 tǐng column of the Yan army, a total of more than 35,000 people, and capturing 24 mountain guns, 2ooo machine guns, and more than 16,000 long and short guns.

When the news reached Chongqing, Chiang Kai-shek suffered a big loss and could not do anything, so in order to escape the condemnation of public opinion, he put all the responsibility for the war on Yan Laoxi, saying that the matter was done by himself. Yan Xishan suffered a dumb loss, so he had to admit that he was unlucky.

The Shangdang Campaign had a direct impact on the Chongqing negotiations, and Chiang Kai-shek had great illusions about the battle, so he was reluctant to sign the meeting minutes that had been drawn up and had basically reached an agreement. He tried to force ** to make greater concessions with the power of victory. However, it backfired. 1

。 After the 6th of the month, when Chiang Kai-shek learned that the war situation was not good, he could no longer sit still, and hurriedly sent people to Hongyan Village to contact Zhou Enlai, saying that he would sign the agreement as soon as possible. Here is a response to Liu Bocheng's words: "The better we fight the battle here and the greater the victory, the more powerful the Mao [Lord] will be to speak at the negotiation table." ”

Chiang Kai-shek picked, and the "peaches" suffered losses in Shanxi, but they were nothing in his millions of troops, not to mention that it was only Yan Laoxi's Jin miscellaneous army that was annihilated, and it was generally harmed. 1o November 1

On the 3rd, before the ink of the "Double Tenth Agreement" was dry, Chiang Kai-shek issued secret orders to all theaters. If we do not eradicate it, not only will the achievements of the eight-year War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression be lost, but there will also be endless harm, so that the Chinese nation has no hope of rejuvenation. Your governor's headquarters have returned since the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and they have made meritorious contributions, and the party-state, as the Great Wall, is placing high hopes on it. The current suppression of the Communist Party is related to the happiness of the people, and it is necessary to follow the spirit of the previous War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, follow the manual of the suppression of the Communist Party in accordance with the rules and regulations, supervise and encourage the subordinates, work hard to advance the suppression, and quickly complete the task.

At the same time as the secret telegram was issued, the "Handbook for Suppressing Bandits," which was personally drafted by Chiang Kai-shek during the ten-year civil war and reprinted after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, was also transported to various theaters and distributed to the Kuomintang officers and soldiers. This handbook begins with "Red bandits will not be destroyed, and soldiers are ashamed" to "teach" the secrets to the Kuomintang officers and soldiers. The so-called "secret" is to be practiced in the Kuomintang army, and the "joint sitting method" means that "if the squad leader retires with the whole class, the squad leader will be killed" and "if the squad leader does not retreat and the whole squad retreats, so that the squad leader dies, the whole squad will be killed." And so on. "This method of sitting together is in the whole army, people are like knives on their heads, like ropes binding their heels, section by section, looking at each other, sitting and pulling, no one can get out." Chiang Kai-shek tried to use such cruel means again to force the Kuomintang officers and soldiers to die for his civil war of "suppressing the Communists". Politically, it is extremely corrupt and cruel, and it is very difficult to win the hearts and minds of the people.

Under the strict supervision of Chiang Kai-shek, from January 1o, Gao Shuxun and Ma Fawu, deputy commanders of the 11th Theater of Operations, led the first mouth. The task of the 3O Army and the New 8th Army was to occupy Handan first, and to join the 3rd and 16th armies that marched west along the Shitai Line and arrived in Shijiazhuang in advance, and then continued to march north, and joined the 92nd and 94th armies that were airlifted to Beiping, and finally achieved the goal of completely controlling the Pinghan Road and dividing the two liberated areas of Shanxi, Chahar, Hebei, Shanxi, and Henan.

Chiang Kai-shek's deployment is really ferocious, and if this plan is allowed to succeed, it will pose a great threat to the two liberated areas in North China, and even reverse the political and military situation in the whole of North China and even the whole country, and will make the national and democratic forces lose their restraining force against feudal rule, and make the "Double Tenth Agreement" just signed a piece of paper.

In this regard, of course, there can be no hesitation and ambiguity, and we must resolutely fight back in order to consolidate the results of the peace talks! a。