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In history, there are many people who followed Liu Bei and later took refuge in Cao Wei, among which Xu Shu was the most famous in later generations, and the more representative figures also included Chen Qun, Huang Quan, Tian Yu and others. Pen? Interesting? Pavilion wWw. ｂiquge。 ｉｎfo

In the official history, it is obvious that Chen Qun has the highest status and the greatest influence, but Xu Shu is the most inconspicuous of the four, and it can only be said that Xu Shu has a good life and was blown out by "Romance of the Three Kingdoms".

[Huang Gongheng who can't return home]

Huang Quan was originally under Liu Zhang's command, and once advised Liu Zhang not to meet Liu Bei, so he was released, after Liu Zhang's defeat, he returned to Liu Bei and was named a partial general, and then advised Liu Bei to capture Hanzhong, was worshiped as a protector, and led the generals to Bazhong, but he did not expect Zhang Lu to have surrendered to Cao. Later, Liu Bei was able to occupy Hanzhong, and Huang Quan also had a great credit.

Liu Bei said that the emperor sent troops to attack Sun Wu, and Huang Quan advised Liu Bei to send himself as a temptation first, as the emperor not to attack easily, but was not adopted by Liu Bei, and then Huang Quan was forced to surrender to Wei.

After Huang Quan surrendered to Wei, the relevant departments of Shu Han reported to Huang Quan's family to arrest Huang Quan in accordance with laws and regulations, but Liu Bei said: "It's me who is sorry for Huang Quan, and Huang Quan is not sorry for me." So he continued to treat his family as before.

Emperor Wen of Wei Cao Pi asked Huang Quan: "You gave up your rebellion and came to Shun, do you want to emulate Chen Ping and Han Xin?" Huang Quan replied: "I have received Liu Bei's special favor, and I can't surrender to Wu, and I can't return Shu Han, so I came to surrender." Besides, the generals of the defeated army are already very lucky to be spared death, where can they follow the example of the ancients? Cao Pi thought that Huang Quan was very sincere and appreciated him, and appointed him as the general of Zhennan, named the Marquis of Yang, and added him to the service. Some of those who surrendered from Shu said that Liu Bei had killed Huang Quan's family. Huang Quan knew that his words were not true, so he said to Cao Pi: "I have a heart-to-heart relationship with Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang, which shows my true will. The doubts are still unanswered, please wait for the answers later. He did not mourn immediately, but later received definite news, and sure enough, it was the same as he judged.

After Liu Bei's death, the ministers of Wei all congratulated each other, but Huang Quan did not smile at all. Cao Pi sensed that Huang Quan had the power and wanted to deliberately scare him, so he sent someone to summon him. Huang Quan was still on the road, and the messengers who came to urge him were running staggered on the road, and Huang Quan's subordinate officials and attendants were all frightened, but Huang Quan behaved calmly.

Later, Huang Quan concurrently served as the assassin of Yizhou, and was transferred to Henan. At that time, the general Sima Yi attached great importance to Huang Quan and asked Huang Quan: "How many people are like you in Shuzhong?" Huang Quan replied with a smile: "I didn't expect Ming Gong to value me so much!" Sima Yi and Zhuge Liang's letter said: "Huang Gongheng, a bold man, whenever he talks about you, he always praises you and does not change his original words. ”

In the third year of the early Jing Dynasty (239), Huang Quan was promoted to the general of the chariot and cavalry, and the third division of Yitong. According to the Book of Jin, the name of Kaifu began with Huang Quan. In the first year of Zhengshi (240), Huang Quan died, nicknamed Jinghou, and his son Huang Yong succeeded him. Huang Quan's son Huang Chong, who stayed in Shu, was Shang Shulang, and died in Mianzhu with Zhuge Zhan when Shu Han fell.

【Titan Tian Yu】

Tian Yu successively followed Liu Bei, Gongsun Zhan, Xian Yufu and many other princes in history, and finally took refuge in Cao Cao and was loyal to Cao Wei. Tian Yu took the initiative to support Liu Bei when he was still young, and later went south with Liu Bei, when Liu Bei was the assassin of Yuzhou, Tian Yu returned to his hometown because of his mother's old age, and Liu Bei wept and said goodbye to him.

Gongsun Chan ordered Tian Yu to guard the county order of Dongzhou, and after the traitor Wang Men attacked, Tian Yu persuaded him to retreat. After the defeat of Gongsun Zhan, Xian Yufu was valued by his subordinate officials and people, acting as the Taishou thing, he had a good relationship with Tian Yu, and appointed Tian Yu as the governor of the Taishou Mansion. Hou Tian Yu persuaded Xian Yu to return to Cao Cao, Cao Cao summoned Tian Yu to the Prime Minister's Mansion to seek military counselling, appointed Yingyin, Lang Ling Ling, and promoted to Yiyang Taishou, everywhere he went, he was well governed.

In the twenty-third year of Jian'an (218), Cao Zhang, the Marquis of Yanling, conquered the rebellious Wuhuan (Neng) minister of Daijun, and Cao Zhang took Tian Yu as his prime minister, and finally put down the rebellion with the help of Tian Yu. Tian Yu was thus promoted to Nanyang Taishou, and after the rebellion of Wancheng Houyin, Tian Yu soon released the thieves and stabilized the situation in the county, so he was praised by Cao Cao.

During the reign of Emperor Wen of Wei, the northern nomads rebelled and harassed the border fortress, so the imperial court appointed Tian Yu as the captain of the festival and the guard of Karasuma, and the commander of Zhao and Xie Jun as the captain of the guard Xianbei. From the east of Gaoliu and the west of Hao, there are ten tribes of Xianbei people, and they are divided into areas of Bineng, Micah, and Suli to rule, and each has its own territory; They made a joint oath that none of them would sell their horses to the Central Plains. Tian Yu believed that the Hu people uniting together was not good for the Central Plains court. So he first sow discord between them, so that he hated each other and attacked and killed each other. This move turned Kirby and Sully against each other, and the Huren alliance disintegrated.

After that, Karasuma King Gu Jin was disrespectful to the government, Tian Yu went to investigate outside the Saiwai, and he only led more than 100 people to the tribe of Gu Jin, Gu Jin came out to meet him, Tian Yu ordered his subordinates to behead Gu Jin, and announced his crimes, in order to order his subordinates. Gu Jin's subordinates were afraid to act, so Tian Yu led his subordinates with Gu Jin's younger brother. Since then, the Hu people have been frightened, and Tian Yu's voice has shaken the desert. The bandit Gao Ai, with thousands of people, robbed and plundered everywhere, and harmed in Youxi and Jixi Prefectures, Tian Yu lured the Xianbei Suli Department to kill Gao Ai and sent his head to the capital. The imperial court sealed Tian Yu as the Marquis of Changle Pavilion.

Tian Yu himself has not suffered losses, and once Kirby was able to be besieged for seven days. Overall, however, his nine years as the captain of Gokaramasuma were very effective, when Tian Yu ruled a small number of tribes, subdued the annexers, and dispersed the powerful ones. All the treacherous people who fled, and those who gave advice to the Hu people and were not good for the government, Tian Yu sowed discord between them, so that their vicious conspiracy could not succeed, and they could not live together in peace.

Later, the henchmen of Youzhou Assassin Shi Wang Xiong wanted to make Wang Xiong serve as the captain of the collar Karasuma, so they slandered Tian Yu for disturbing the border and causing trouble for the country. The imperial court then transferred Tian Yu to Runan Taishou and added the official as the general of Yanyi.

In the sixth year of Taihe (232), Emperor Ming sent Tian Yu to lead the Qingzhou naval army to crusade against Gongsun Yuan of Liaodong, Tian Yu defeated the Wu envoy army in Chengshan and killed Zhou He, but because of the slander of Cheng Xi, the assassin of Qingzhou, he failed to get a reward. In the second year of Qinglong (234), Sun Quan responded to Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, and Tian Yu helped Manchu repel Sun Quan.

At the end of the early Jing Dynasty, the imperial court increased the number of Tianyu food yi by 300 households, plus the previous one, a total of 800 households. In the early years of Zhengshi, Tian Yu was promoted to the general of the Huns who held the Fu Festival, and the general of Jia Zhenwei was titled, and he was appointed to the history of the state assassin. The ethnic minorities in the outer regions have long heard of Tian Yu's prestige and have come to pay tribute one after another. The social order in the prefecture and county is good, and the people miss him very much. Later, he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant, because of his advanced age, Tian Yu repeatedly begged to abdicate, and the Taifu Sima Yi thought that Tian Yu was still full of energy, so he wrote to him and did not agree. Tian Yu wrote to Sima Yi again: "Occupying an official position after the age of 70 is like a bell that is leaking and still walking at night, which is to hurt people. So he resolutely resigned. The imperial court then worshipped him as a doctor in Taizhong, and Yu Lu was the same as Jiuqing.

Tian Yu once slandered Sun Zi, but Sun Zi did not care, and then Tian Yu felt ashamed and asked for reconciliation, Sun Zi agreed, and ordered the eldest Sun Hong to marry Tian Yu's daughter and take care of Tian Yu who was old at home. Historically, Tian Yu lived frugally and poorly, and the rewards given to him by the imperial court were distributed to his subordinates. Every time the Hu people sent him a gift, he registered it for the official government and never took it to his family, so his family was often poor. Although he had a solitary temperament and little contact with others, people valued his discipline.

In the fourth year of Jiaping (252), Tian Yu died at the age of eighty-two. His son, Tian Pengzu, succeeded him to the title.

【Comparison of four people】

In history, Chen Qun held many important positions in the imperial court Shangshu Ling, the general of the town army, and finally served as one of the three dukes, one of the four auxiliary ministers left by Cao Pi to Cao Rui, and the founder of the Jiupin Zhongzheng system in later generations, whose status and influence are obviously at least one level higher than others.

After Huang Quan surrendered to Cao, he was also reused, and finally the official worshiped the general of the Che Cavalry and the three divisions of Yitong, and also opened the government. And Tian Yu is also a great soldier and has served as a guard captain. Only Xu Shu has the lowest status, just the right middle general, the imperial history of the middle of the Cheng.

Among the four, only Xu Shu took the initiative to turn away from Liu Bei at the moment when Liu Bei needed help the most, although loyalty and filial piety were in a dilemma, but he left Liu Bei at the most difficult time, and went to seek refuge in Cao Cao, who was the most powerful at that time and was Liu Bei's mortal enemy.