In history, the reason why Zhang He personally led his troops to pursue Zhuge Liang had a close relationship with Sima Yi, which is directly recorded in "Wei Luo". Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 infoJudging from Zhang He's life, Zhang He, as one of the several generals of Cao Wei at that time, should not be so hasty to chase the Shu Han army.

And judging from the information, Sima Yi and Zhang He don't seem to get along very well, and Sima Yi also has a motive to deal with Zhang He.

[Imprudent pursuit]

Regarding Zhang He's pursuit of Zhuge Liang in Mumen Valley and his death, the Wei materials record that Zhang He died because of an arrow in the thigh, and the Shu materials directly record that Zhang He died in the battlefield, so Zhang He's pursuit of Zhuge Liang was unsuccessful and the counter-killing should be undoubted.

However, from the course of Zhuge Liang's several northern expeditions, it is difficult to imagine that Zhang He took the initiative to invite troops to pursue Zhuge Liang. First of all, in these encounters, Zhang He's performance is quite good, he defeated Ma Tan militarily, forcing Zhuge Liang to lose the first Northern Expedition, in terms of strategy, he also accurately predicted Zhuge Liang's lack of military food, and even said directly to Emperor Ming Cao Rui: "Bichen has not arrived, Liang has gone, and Liang Liang has not been able to count Liang Liang for less than ten days." As a result, the second Northern Expedition was exactly as Zhang He expected, and before he arrived with his troops, Zhuge Liang had already withdrawn from Chencang.

As one of the core generals of Cao Wei at that time, Zhang He can definitely be said to be good at planning and fighting, and Wang Shuang's experience is not far away, Zhang He, as a relatively safe general, feels that he will not rashly pursue Zhuge Liang, not to mention that the Shu army was obviously not damaged at that time, and Zhuge Liang himself is also a perfect person.

[Get along in general]

It is recorded in "Wei Luo" that the reason why Zhang He went to pursue Zhuge Liang was entirely because of Sima Yi's request.

The Liang army retreated, and King Sima Xuan made He chase him, and He said: "Military law, the siege of the city will open the way out, and the army should not chase it." King Xuan didn't listen. As a last resort, he entered. The Shu army rode high and ambushed, the bow and crossbow were messy, and the arrow was in the middle of the hair. - "Wei Luo"

Historically, there were not many exchanges between Zhang He and Sima Yi from the records, Zhang He had helped Sima Yi to crusade against the Wu army earlier, but after Sima Yi served as the commander of the Western Front, the relationship between the two was not good from the records.

It is recorded in the "Spring and Autumn Period of the Han and Jin Dynasties" that he wanted to divide his troops to garrison Yong and Yi, and King Xuan said: "It is expected that the former army can be the only one, and the general's words are also; If it can't be properly divided into front and back, the three armies of Chu are therefore black cloth birds. "Proceed.

This point also has a similar record in the "Book of Jin", and it can be seen that Zhang He suggested that Sima Yi leave some troops in Yong and Yi counties at that time, just in case, which is basically a relatively safe suggestion. However, Sima Yi directly refused, and used the example of Yingbu defeating the three armies of Chu as a rebuttal.

But is Zhang He's exhortation the same thing as the three-way crusade against Yingbu in the Chu State? First of all, the defeat of the Chu State was due to the division of troops into three ways to attack Yingbu in an attempt to support each other, but one of them was defeated by Yingbu, and the other two fled without a fight. This is completely different from Zhang He's suggestion to keep troops, Zhang He is persuading Sima Yi to stay in the garrison, not asking Sima Yi to divide troops to attack.

At that time, the Chu State divided its troops into three routes and led to a fiasco because the three roads were all used as offensive troops, one of which was defeated, and the other two roads were about the same strength, and they lost the confidence to defeat Yingbu, so they all gave up and fled. And Zhang He persuaded Sima Yi to stay in the army, what he said was not good is to prevent other accidents just in case, these are the garrison troops left behind, and they are reserve troops, so Zhang He's advice is just a safe suggestion, not right or wrong, but Sima Yi's refusal and refutation are a bit blunt.

More than that, "The Spring and Autumn Period of the Han Dynasty" also has a record between Sima Yi and Zhang He - Zhang He said: "He came against me from afar, please not fight, saying that I am not fighting, and I want to make a long-term plan." And Qishan knows that the army is near, and the people are self-consolidated, so they can stop here, divided into strange soldiers, and show that they are behind, and they should not go forward and dare not dare to do so, and they will lose the popularity of the people. Today, the army in Liang County has little food, and it is also possible. "King Xuan didn't obey, so he looked for light.

This record also has a relatively high credibility according to the records of Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, after all, Zhuge Liang's several retreats are basically related to the lack of food and grass supplies, and at that time, Zhuge Liang had consumed a lot of military food in order to defend against the attack of Cao Wei's army in the autumn and winter of last year, as well as the needs of Wei Yan and others' Northern Expedition, so in this attack in the spring of this year, Zhuge Liang's supplies could not be sufficient. Therefore, Sima Yi divided his troops to threaten Zhuge Liang at this time, and he was very sure to force Zhuge Liang to withdraw his troops, but Sima Yi once again rejected Zhang He's proposal.

Combined with the record of Sima Yi forcing Zhang He to send troops to pursue Zhuge Liang in "Wei Luo", it can be clearly seen that he is suppressing Zhang He.

【Sima Yi's motives】

Historically, Sima Yi also had a very good reason for suppressing Zhang He. First of all, I want to say that in the official history, Sima Yi's roots in the west at this time were not deep, Sima Yi did not appear in Zhuge Liang's first three Northern Expeditions, and Shu Wei only played a soy sauce in the fourth encounter, and he was mostly the coach of Jingzhou and Yuzhou before, until Zhuge Liang's fourth Northern Expedition, Sima Yi became one of the protagonists.

The history of Zhang He on the western front of Cao Wei is quite long, from the sixteenth year of Jian'an (211) when Cao Cao sent troops to attack the princes of Guanzhong, Zhang He basically operated in Yong, Liang and Hanzhong, first mainly as Xiahou Yuan's deputy, and then as mainly as Cao Zhen's deputy, that is to say, although Zhang He was also Sima Yi's deputy at that time, his qualifications in the west are incomparable to Sima Yi's, after all, Zhang He has been in the west for twenty years (211-231), And Sima Yi (autumn 230-spring 231) has only been here for less than a year.

Therefore, as Sima Yi, who had just taken up his main position, he was naturally threatened by Zhang He, a senior deputy. In contrast, Xiahou Yuan and Cao Zhen are both relatives of the Cao clan, and they are also very senior in the west, so Zhang He is not much of a threat to them.

In addition, the generals of the Cao family have basically withered at that time, and the status of all the generals began to be headed by Sima Yi, especially among the generals with foreign surnames, at that time Zhang He was still the only surviving person among the five good generals of Cao Wei, and his prestige and seniority in the Cao Wei army were very high, and Sima Yi, who only began to hold military positions during the Cao Pi period and led the troops during the Cao Rui period, was still a great threat.

Therefore, although Emperor Cao Rui of the Ming Dynasty was still alive at that time, Sima Yi may not have any rebellious intentions, but from the need to expand his own power and influence, he also has the need to suppress Zhang He.

But these do not mean that Sima Yi has murderous intentions for Zhang He, suppressing Zhang He and framing and killing Zhang He are already two concepts, in history, Sima Yi should have suppressed his deputy Zhang He, the general of the Western Cavalry, and eventually caused Zhang He to die in the wooden gate.

In this regard, Zhang He's death was indirectly caused by Sima Yi, but it was not necessarily a murder with a knife. It is possible that Sima Yi was unconvinced by the defeat on the battlefield, so he forcibly sent Zhang He to pursue in an attempt to save face, or it is possible that Sima Yi deliberately used the power of the Shu army to make Zhang He suffer a loss, but he didn't expect Zhang He to lose his life directly, and the latter may be even greater.