Penicillin is the greatest invention of medicine in the twentieth century, I am afraid that to some extent, there is no one, now because of Yang Yuanzhao's such a butterfly, it was born in the world in advance, and the place of birth is in Baotou, not in later history, by the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia and other medical scientists relayed to complete, this wing flapping is a bit big, the reason is intentional.

Baotou Special City in the Northwest at night, quiet, busy, cars have been popularized in Baotou, the lowest grade of 500 yuan price, for many senior technicians, may only be a month or two of wages, traffic is also in advance with bicycles, appeared in Baotou and other cities in the northwest, the prototype of the modern city is fully revealed.

High-rise buildings, traffic lights, public security patrols and traffic police, if there is a traveler, in this era, after entering Baotou, almost will not think that they have traveled to the era of the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, which may not be able to compare with the developed Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou in later generations, but compared with some other cities, it is no worse.

Baotou is the entire northwest, and even the core of China, from 1908 to 1914, in just 6 years, Baotou from a small county, population of less than 50,000, and gradually developed into a super city, even if it has more territory, and gradually move the labor-intensive industries of Baotou outward, but Baotou, which has formed the prototype of the super city, still accumulated enough personnel, at the beginning of the 20th century, a huge city with a population of more than 15 million, It has become the current Baotou New District, a huge city.

A large number of industrial outflows have allowed Baotou to complete the transformation of its functions. From the original light industry and labor-intensive industry as the main city, gradually turned. Politics, economics. The central city of scientific research, and penicillin was born in one of the research institutes in Baotou, Baotou First Institute of Biology, which is separated from the Baotou Research Institute, one of the most important research institutes, and also the biological research institute with the largest cumulative investment and the largest number of researchers.

With the gradual development of Baotou, the research categories are becoming more and more in-depth, and the classification is becoming more and more detailed. There are more and more scientific researchers, and it turned out that a huge scientific research base could include most of the categories, and now, this research base has been separated and spread in all directions of the northwest.

Some are considered factories, say, metal research institutes and materials research institutes, for convenience. It was placed next to the steel mill and the special steel mill, and the power research institute was placed in the Motor City. In addition to these projects that are close to the water, the rest have also begun to be separated according to categories. The Institute of Biology is one of them, and in a sense, it is only one of the five major biological research institutes. The main research direction is drugs, to be precise, antibiotics.

After sulfonamides became a cornucopia of money-making in the Northwest. Broad-spectrum antibiotics that work against most pathogens. It entered the field of vision of researchers, and people found for the first time that in addition to specific medicinal properties, there is also a drug that has different effects on most bacteria.

In the First Institute of Biology, there is in-depth research and development of sulfonamide drugs, studying its pharmacological structure, finding out what exactly works, how to play an effect, how to enhance this effect, and even to a certain extent, reducing the difficulty of extracting it and increasing the efficiency of making it, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing costs.

The current cost of sulfonamide is low enough compared to his selling price, but if it can be lower, isn't it a better choice, Yang Yuanzhao told researchers at the first time when he started the sale of sulfonamides, that windfall profits cannot continue to appear, maybe three or five years, maybe ten years, others will always crack his secret, and when the time comes, the era of cost will come, although the price of a single tablet is unlikely to be high to a certain extent, but when everyone can afford to use such medicinal materials, the profit is still not low. Don't underestimate the little bit reduction now, this may be the dividing line between profit and survival in the future.

The most popular cornucopia sulfonamide is an important project of the First Institute of Biology, but the researchers who really belong to the Institute of Biology know that in the past 6 years, even if sulfonamides have earned hundreds of millions of wealth for the entire Northwest, as the premise of the two sharpest pillars of Northwest products, the most important project of the First Institute of Biology is still not it, and biopharmaceuticals have begun to enter the research stage, and the first major item studied by the Institute of Biology is penicillin, which has never changed.

Only Yang Yuanzhao, a traveler, will know that the huge effect of penicillin, penicillin is the first broad-spectrum antibacterial drug with small side effects discovered by human beings, and the degree of antibacterial and side effects are much better than sulfonamides.

Yang Yuanzhao is not a doctor after all, let alone a pharmaceutical expert, but he has heard of the discovery of penicillin, in the history of world medicine, it is believed that it was discovered by British scientists in 1928, and it was discovered that it was an accident, but in fact, in Chinese history, in the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, penicillin has been used for a long time. According to historical records, as early as the Tang Dynasty, there were cases of using cloth with green hair to treat traumatic infections, and the effect was good, which is probably the earliest description of the original strain in history.

It's a pity that in the long past, even the era of the microscope, this kind of use is only the use of penicillin mixture, can not sort out the original strains, some things not only do not have the slightest effect, but there are some side effects, this is this treatment method, from the Tang Dynasty has appeared, but it does not work with a strong uncertainty, perhaps in Europe in this era, or a longer era, it can definitely be called a miracle drug, even if it is only a third, or even a little less cure rate, It is also possible to let a person who does not learn and has no skills become a miracle doctor and mixes up.

But this point is not in China, from thousands of years ago, there has been a complete set of theories of traditional Chinese medicine, after unremitting development, has formed different categories, different concepts of medical theory, nothing can not be medicine, this is a very clear example, between the millennium, Chinese medicine continues to be rich, continuous development, for some systematic diseases, there has been a greater cure rate, some special concepts of Chinese medicine, and even in later generations, for some incurable diseases that are difficult to overcome by Western medicine have greater curative effects, not to mention this era, It is because the tradition of traditional Chinese medicine has not been broken, and it has not experienced a long period of war or even revolution. Even if you don't use penicillin, you can use other methods to alleviate the consequences of infection to a greater extent, so this uncertain thing is naturally abandoned, which is also the fundamental reason why there is no prescription for penicillin in later generations.

Yang Yuanzhao from later generations knew very well that penicillin did not only act on wound infection, so he would lean more power into this aspect, the original records of penicillin, plus some preliminary theories, are enough to point out the direction, so that researchers will not be aimless in the initial stage of research, with the fastest speed, to find the object of study. By the way, he passed on everything he knew about penicillin to the researchers, and these researchers began to study penicillin in this way, and achieved initial results.

The first is to use a microscope to determine the structure and morphology of penicillin, after knowing its role, the next step is how to purify and increase the unit area of the unit problem, in fact, in the laboratory, under clear guidance, it only took 3 months to complete the laboratory purification, and from 2 units per cubic centimeter, slowly improved, gradually increased to 30-40 units.

Every step of science and technology requires countless accumulations, accustomed to seeing millions of units in later generations, Yang Yuanzhao was a little depressed several times, when he crossed, why didn't he bring medicine over, even if it was ordinary penicillin tablets, it was hundreds of thousands, or even millions of units, dozens of units of penicillin, too low-level, in his opinion, it was not a drug at all, even if it was already in pathological experiments, it had an extraordinary effect on animals such as mice, in his opinion, at least more than a thousand units to be able to have enough effect.

In Yang Yuanzhao's negation, in Yang Yuanzhao's direct intervention to give a large amount of funds and personnel, the penicillin research team continued to expand, from the beginning of three or five researchers, and gradually brought out hundreds of thousands, as long as there is enough ability, the research on penicillin has reached a certain level, he has any new idea, can be another research topic, it is in this way, regardless of the cost, and even some waste of investment, penicillin research from the beginning, has not encountered a bottleneck, even if it is slow, However, it is still moving forward steadily and step by step.

In Yang Yuanzhao's view, everything about penicillin has been broken by him, according to this concept, this finished drug may appear in the sequence of Northwest drugs in a short period of time, filling the gap of sulfonamides, with smaller side effects, stronger power, and a wider range of use, but unfortunately fate seems to have played a little joke with Yang Yuanzhao, even if everything is going according to plan, penicillin is quickly found, However, from a simple strain to a drug with a concentration sufficient to play a role, the Northwest has gone through at least 4 years, or even more time, and the firm pace has been slow to the extreme, that is, in the early spring of 1914, it barely produced enough penicillin to act on the human body, that is, in a cubic centimeter range, with a complete and pure thousands of units of penicillin medicine, after getting this result, the First Institute of Biology, after confirming that it is correct, notified Yang Yuanzhao at the first time. (To be continued......)