An unexpected discovery, a whole new battlefield. Pen | fun | pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

Recap:

On October 22, 58 B, the United Empire Expeditionary Force took the island of Curry. While cleaning the battlefield, the soldiers searched for treasures from the corpses of enemy officers and soldiers, and in addition to copper coins and silk paper banknotes, they also found many times identical wooden round cakes, beautifully carved, fragrant, and as if soaked in oil. Asking the local aborigines, it was learned that this wooden mooncake was actually a large currency issued by the Marnerocco Empire.

Later, the expeditionary force further learned that this Marne Rocco Empire used a special wood as a large denomination currency, a very exquisite moon cake appearance wooden handicraft, about 8cm in diameter, about 3cm thick, carved with dragon and phoenix emblems on both sides, carved with 100 silk and pear sacred wood in the middle of the front and back, and engraved with dense small characters on the side of 100,000 yuan. The middle amount of currency uses silk silk, 15cm long and 10cm wide rectangular, about 2 mm thick, printing and dyeing process also with a little embroidery, the upper text is worth a silk, and the text is worth a thousand dollars. Small money is three sizes of copper coins, the continuation of the millennium version of the copper coin with holes, casting process molding, large, medium and small coins are cast with words, fifty coins, ten coins, one coin. The smallest copper coin weighs about 5 grams, 10 coins weigh 25 grams, and 50 coins weigh about 55 grams. In addition to these currencies, silver and gold are also the currencies that can be properly circulated in the country.

A very old empire, a very classical monetary system. However, wood seems to be unique in modern human history as a currency in circulation, and it is also the currency with the largest face value, which killed the expeditionary force.

What exactly is the value of this money? Also, why do we need to know the value of the money?

To answer the second question first, Caesar had ordered that half of the large captures of the strangulation battle should be distributed by the army itself, and the personal capture of the officers and soldiers in the battle was the soldier's own. The Marnerocco Empire is still there, and the money in the hands of the soldiers is still valuable, but the soldiers can't be allowed to go to the enemy to buy things, so the financial department of the expeditionary force can only exchange the captured enemy currency from the soldiers and find a channel to spend it. This is what many armies in history have done, such as some old Japanese troops. How much money is appropriate to give a soldier in exchange for enemy money from a soldier, so this is a question that must be investigated.

By checking the accounts of enemy forces on Olive Island, the financial department of the participating troops devised three ways to redeem them:

1) Conversion is based on the international price of the gold benchmark at that time.

At that time, the international gold price basically fluctuated around 1,000 United Empire Romance dollars per kilogram. We will pay 1000 Roman gold dollars a kilogram.

The records of the Marne Rocco Empire show that every 2,000 coins was one tael of silver, referring to the ratio of gold and silver at that time to 1 to ten, that is, 20,000 coins were one tael of gold.

One kilogram is 1000 grams, and the Marne Rocco Imperial Weights and Measures 1 city kilogram is 640 grams. There are 16 taels in 1 catty, and 1 tael in the country is 40 grams of the United Empire's standard of measurement. A kilogram of metric units is 25 taels for the country. The price of 25 taels of gold was five hundred thousand denarii.

That is, 500,000 dollars is equal to 1,000 Roman dollars. 1 Roman gold dollar is equal to 500 coins, which is also equal to one gram of gold. In this way, one silk is equal to 1,000 coins, equal to 2 Roman gold dollars, and equal to two grams of gold.

The wooden moon cake has to be 200 grams of gold, but this wooden moon cake weighs 50 grams. It is said that it was made of so-called huanghuali wood, and the weight was discounted by one gram of wood for four grams of gold, but at that time, the average officer of the United Imperial Army could buy four grams of gold with a month's salary. The expeditionary force definitely doesn't know what huanghuali wood is, and the financial department of the expeditionary force really can't understand the wood at this price, so it can only say, I'll take the test! Huanghuali Shenmu, cow!!

The wooden mooncakes were seized by foreign soldiers who did not even have the right to vote in the local council elections. Isn't it crazy that these people can exchange 200 grams of gold for a piece of wood? Fortunately, this wooden parade has only been found on a very small number of high-ranking officers, and a few have been found in the ruined governor's palace. But if this exchange rate is to exchange all the soldiers' captures, the expeditionary force's financial department really doesn't have the imperial gold dollars in hand.

It doesn't work.

2) Conversion is based on the current grain price.

The only grain available on both sides was rice. The price of rice in the country is a stone, and the benchmark is 640 grams per catty, and 1 stone is 92.5 catties. Therefore, one stone of rice has 59,200 grams, or 59.2 kilograms. The price of rice in the country at that time was about one silk per stone (1,000 yuan). Rice in the United Empire was sold at 2.5 cents per kilogram.

In the Song Dynasty, 59.2 kilograms of rice were 1.48 yuan, which was 1.48 yuan for 1 silk.

This exchange rate does not seem to be cost-effective.

3) Calculated based on the price of the house.

It depends on how you interpret it. There are several modes, depending on how you do the math. The algorithm adopted by our army is as follows: a house in a good area in a major city of our country is about 100 Roman gold dollars, and a decent house in the capital of the Marne Rocco Empire may cost 1 million yuan, that is, 1,000 silk and 10 yellow rosewood moon cakes. Well, the exchange price is out, to be precise, the most reasonable exchange price for the official is out - 100 Romance Empire gold dollars are equal to 1,000 silk, which is equal to 10 wooden moon cakes. It's a fair approach. But there are more suitable and cost-effective ways.

(The price of the United Empire of Saint Romans refers to the general housing prices in the United States in the 19th century, 100 to 200 US dollars, which is converted into 70-140 United Empire Romance dollars,

Manrocco Empire housing price reference: During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Wang Kun of the Southern Qi Dynasty bought a house in Guangzhou and spent 300,000 copper coins; Song Jiya of the Liang Dynasty bought a house in Yanzhou and spent 1 million copper coins; A hundred years later, another Ma Zhou in the Tang Dynasty bought a house in Chang'an and spent 2 million copper coins. In the early Northern Song Dynasty, a mansion in Bianjing cost tens of thousands of guan, and the price of an ordinary person's house was 1,300 guan; At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the price of Jingshi's mansion soared to hundreds of thousands of yuan, which was converted into RMB with purchasing power, or more than 50 million yuan. ）

4) Calculation is based on the purchasing power of the price of the same area of producing land

The price of agricultural land in the United Empire of Saint-Roman: 20 Romans of the United Empire for one hectare, about 10,000 square meters. The price of ordinary land in the Marnerocco Empire: 20 taels of silver per mu, about 40 silk, 40,000 yuan. One acre of land is about 500 square meters (667 square meters per mu in the porcelain country, and 0.78 city mu per mu in the Sui and Tang dynasties). One hectare equals 20 acres.

That is, 20 United Empire Romance Dollars has the same purchasing power as 800 silk. The fair ratio of the currencies of the two countries is: 1 to 40.

There is no doubt that this comparison is the most suitable for the expeditionary force officials, so from then on it has been used to exchange money from soldiers.

Calculate it carefully: 40 silk or 40,000 coins, exchanged for one Romance Dollar, or 100 Imperial Silver Coins. Two pieces of silk can be exchanged for five loose silver coins, and as for those copper coins, it is not as cost-effective as selling scrap copper. A huanghuali wood moon cake (100 silk) that could have allowed soldiers to get 200 grams of gold can only be exchanged for two yuan and five cents, 2.5 yuan Roman gold dollars, but this is already half a month's salary for junior officers, and those soldiers are still very satisfied.

(At that time, the Romans of the Saint-Roman Empire began to use brass alloys.) As for the Imperial Loose Silver Coins, they are stamped patterned pieces of iron. The top of the empire knows very well that in fact, the value of money does not lie in the material, but in whether it can be accepted, or whether the government that issued the money says it counts, whether it is still there, and how long it can be. In other words, the value of money lies in the government behind it. ）

There are more than 2,900 embroidered silk silk coins exchanged from the soldiers, 16 huanghuali moon cake coins, and counting those copper coins, a total of about 50 wooden moon cakes. This windfall is naturally to return the family to the Marne Rocco Empire.

Before the end of the year, the expeditionary force spent 10 wooden mooncakes through a third party, and felt that the exchange operation was very profitable. The rest of the money is intended to be used to hire locals after landing.

That was the end of the matter. But on January 8, B59, something happened, something big happened. The defenders of Olive Island have made a fortune!!

When our officers and soldiers stationed on Olive Island were checking the material warehouse, they accidentally found a dark room in the warehouse of valuables on the island. This secret room contained a large whole piece of wood, two or three cubes; There are 6 yellow rosewood moon cakes in a beautiful silver box, a carved wooden box of silk silk coins, a total of 213 pieces, and less than 800 grams of gold and about 5 kilograms of silver in the iron box, which should be the vault of the island. Our officers and men wondered how the wood could be put together with the money, but one officer immediately realized, "This is the wood they use to make high-priced mooncakes," and "we've made a fortune."

The situation was immediately reported to Caesar, and the shrewd leader of the United Empire immediately had an unprecedented bold idea - to carve wood for money. He immediately ordered: "Wood and "moon cake samples" have been sent, and dozens of samples of those silk coins have also been sent. ”

That night, Caesar said happily to his wife, Queen Catherine, "We can make money from the enemy, and spend this fake money to buy supplies and make a batch of weapons, or bribe their officials to do internal service." ”

The wise queen was pleased, but she seemed to have a better idea: "These rosewoods in our hands seem to be enough for us to build a fleet." It may be possible to win a great victory by bribing the renegades, but if we have the money we can't spend, we may be able to win the whole war. ”

Caesar seemed to grasp his wife's meaning at once: "You mean that if we find this tree, then we will have unlimited financial resources to win the war by virtue of our great economic advantage." ”

Queen Catherine shook her head, and asked her husband a little about what she meant: "If the streets are full of this kind of wooden mooncake, what do you think it can do other than use it as briquettes for heating?" ............, but if the largest denominations of coins are all briquettes, small coins are even more wasted. When money becomes waste, the country's economy is finished. ”

Julius Caesar: "My dear, you mean that it makes far more sense for us to destroy the economy of this country than to buy supplies and buy moles?" ”

Queen Catherine smiled: "If you don't want the economy to collapse, you must strictly control the issuance of large denominations, and I knew this when I was still Princess Constantine." That's what my father said. …… Did you know that when the economy collapses, the internal response will pop up on its own, and there will be a lot of it; The army will also fight inactively, and even surrender to the enemy on the front line. The most important thing is to crush their economy, so that the whole war will be won with certainty. ”

Julius Caesar was thoughtful, and then said: "Huanghuali, Huanghuali, as long as you find Huanghuali, you can win the whole war." ”

What is Huanghuali?

Yellow rosewood, the Latin name of the tree species: Dalbergiaodorifere T.chen, the trade name: scentedrosewood, the scientific name is scented rosewood, also known as Hainan yellow sandalwood, Hainan yellow rosewood (D. hainanensis.). Huanghuali is the main material of hardwood furniture in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and is favored by craftsmen in the Ming and Qing dynasties because of its yellow color, fine material, soft texture and aroma. Huanghuali can also be made into bracelets, which have a fragrant smell. Very popular with the public. The texture and color of Hainan Huanghuali bracelets. Generally speaking, Huanghuali is the texture of mahogany and the background color of pear. The pattern that perfectly combines nobility and elegance, stability and atmosphere is an important part of it. The texture is varied, like flowing clouds and water, giving people a soft and quiet feeling; Or the irregular scarring during the growth process forms a variety of "grimaces", but not all huanghuali have grimaces. The color of Huanghuali always has a touch of golden, and over time it is purple-red and brownish-red. The texture of the Huanghuali bracelet is clear and the color is elegant. The wood properties of rosewood are extremely stable, no deformation, no cracking, no bending, no matter the cold or heat, and there is a certain toughness, which is suitable for all kinds of special-shaped furniture......

Talking about Huanghuali has to talk about its material, there are countless kinds of Hainan Huanghuali itself to distinguish Hainan Huanghuali with material patterns, and there are no two identical utensils with the same material patterns. The material is also a big difference between sea yellow and more yellow, most of the Hainan Huanghuali material surface that you can contact can be easily polished to fluoresce, what fluorescent feeling after sweeping wax, translucent amber texture, warm and moist like jade have come out, and a few long-term soaked sea yellow root material or rod material will appear like Vietnam Huanghuali The same material surface, light polishing is not wax but more beautiful. After the sea yellow is polished, there are fewer pores on the surface, or even none, and the reflective sense is very strong; The more yellow the pores, the thicker the pores, the material looks a little loose, and it feels light-absorbing, and the contrast between the two is more obvious after waxing.

Hainan Huanghuali gas dry density of 0.82-0.94 / cm?, only a few heavy materials or finished products sink into the water, most of them will be a little surface, so it is not a good material if it does not sink, so it is wrong to understand. Huanghuali is divided into the eastern pineapple (yellowish color) and the western avocado (red, purple, black three colors), the eastern pineapple is lighter than the western avocado, as a royal tribute to the ancient wood, the most famous description is that the fluorescent sense is strong, and the translucent texture reveals the repeated gold wire.

Hainan Huanghua pear has the unique fragrance of the tree species of sandalwood. However, there are many "bad smells" in the scent of sea yellow that everyone can come into contact with, and some even have a stinky smell. This requires everyone to get out of the misunderstanding of "distinguishing" sea yellow only by taste. The fragrance of sea yellow is not as dense and long-lasting as agarwood, and it can only be smelled when freshly cut or tightly sealed cups and jars; Once the new cut is exposed to the air, it doesn't take long for the fragrance to fade away until the new surface is scraped open and comes out again. So don't think your baby can't smell the fragrance anymore and start to suspect that it's not the real sea yellow. In addition, even in rainy or humid weather, the sea yellow will give off a lingering fragrance. Of course, there are also rare old materials for thousands of years, and the treasures made of such old materials are difficult to seal its fragrance even if they are waxed, and they are very mellow.

In addition to the fragrance of sea yellow, it can be addictive, and even the pattern can be intoxicating. The pattern of sea yellow has a variety of strange "grimaces", dense "ghost eyes", and also lines like "tiger skin". New players often rely on these concepts to judge whether Haihuang is true or false, whether it is good or bad. In fact, there are many forms of patterns, textures, and lines of sea yellow, and not all sea yellow has "grimaces" and "ghost eyes". The patterns of sea yellow are thick and thin, but they are all clear, not chaotic, streamlined, curved, and even straight; The black line pattern is the majority, and the dark brown or red line pattern can occasionally be seen, mostly the pineapple in eastern Hainan; The color of the fine pattern is often not very different, the color difference between the pattern color of the coarse pattern and the color of the material is obvious, and the overall color is very good-looking, mostly for the avocado in western Hainan. Here I would like to remind you that not all sea yellow has beautiful patterns, and many old materials and old materials are made of offcuts without patterns, but they are very valuable......

Nima, the above can be summed up in one sentence, this product can be made into furniture, and high-end furniture. How high-end furniture?

In Hainan Province, the price of planks from Hainan Huanghuali has risen to a starting price of 9,000 yuan a kilogram, while in Beijing, Shanghai and other cities, the price of Huanghuali is even higher.

In May 2011, at a sold-out auction in Beijing, an anonymous buyer bought a simple Huanghuali Luohan bed for a staggering 32.2 million yuan. At this auction, a pair of Huanghuali four-headed official hat chairs were sold for a sky-high price of 23 million yuan.

In 2014, a piece of yellow rosewood planks more than 3 meters long, 30 centimeters wide and 5 centimeters thick was sold today at a price of more than 40,000 yuan per kilogram, equivalent to 40 million one ton. Not only the big ingredients, but even the roots of the huanghuali tree are also used to make cups, prayer beads and other small items.

But why is it so expensive? How can a few pieces of wood be worth the price?

The first reason is nobility, royal nobility.

It is said that this is the furniture used in Emperor Pimin's house. Traditional Chinese who think they have some insight should know about it. These porcelain people also know that the furniture made of wood is expensive, surprisingly expensive, a set of furniture can easily cost millions, tens of millions, and hundreds of millions.

However, it seems that there is no other branch in this cosmic truth-level high-end wood furniture.

The Meiji Emperor, who won the PI Republic of China, definitely didn't use this product as furniture. You will say that this family is poor, this family is cheap, and this family cannot afford it and does not deserve it. This Meiji Emperor played the battle of the ironclad ship at sea, and he couldn't afford to buy furniture!? Emperor Hirohito built a combined fleet, which is richer than the nouveau riche of the turtle country! In terms of nobility, the Japanese emperor has a thousand-year-old lineage, and it is said that he has the royal blood of the Tang Dynasty, which may be the only remaining Chinese orthodoxy, which is better than the mercenary Zhao Kuangyin, the general of the Yuan army who violated military law, Zhu Yuanzhang, the chief of the Northeast primitive people, and the wild boar skin of the Northeast primitive chieftain...... To come high-end. There is no office in the PUTIN Emperor, nor is there any office in the white house of the United States, these two are the real kings of today's world. Therefore, this thing is at best the frog at the bottom of the well, and the country thinks it is very noble.

The second reason is scarcity, panda-level scarcity.

According to the report of the fool of the porcelain country, "Huanghuali only has Hainan Huanghuali and Vietnamese Huanghuali, and the price is also very different." Haihuang is now about 10 million per ton, and Yue Huang is about 3 million per ton. No matter what kind of yellow pear it is, there are no yellow pears in Brazil and Africa, only rosewood. These are 2 different concepts. (The above prices are for the 2013 Dummies Market.) ）

However, but, according to my own observation and touch, there is almost no difference between this Brazilian African product and the fool goods of the porcelain country and the monkey goods of Vietnam. The distribution of a plant is very wide, and there is an endemic plant species in one place, and there may be relatives of this species in other places. Is there a big difference between an Indian tiger and a South China tiger? Brazil and Africa have similar tree species, the Amazon jungle, the African primeval forest, oops, this tree is called more than one. So this commodity is not scarce at all.

The third reason is that health care is not a "big health care", it is said that it can be used as a health care product.

The medicinal part of Huanghuali is called Huali lattice or fragrant wood, which mainly refers to the heartwood part of its trunk and roots. The smell of the herb is fragrant, the taste is slightly bitter, the aroma of burning is strong and there is oil flowing out, add water and grind, the liquid medicine can treat all kinds of pain, can also be ground powder and applied externally, relieve pain and stop bleeding, is an excellent analgesic. With its heartwood into medicine, there is a fragrance, the main treatment of rheumatism, low back pain, vomiting blood, heart and stomach pain, high blood pressure and other diseases, and can make incense fixative, is the famous incense family.

Modern scientific research has proved that the essential oil extracted from rosewood can stimulate cell regeneration and metabolism, which is conducive to the nourishment of dry skin; It has excellent anti-wrinkle function on the skin, can promote skin tissue regeneration and enhance skin elasticity. The essential oil also has antibacterial, insecticidal, and tension-relieving properties. Burning rosewood can play a role in incense. For example, the bedrooms of the elderly or the physically weak, and the bedrooms of the elderly and weak women and children who need long-term care can all play a role in daily conditioning by burning rosewood. Hainan Huanghuali, also known as "antihypertensive wood", is called "incense" in the "Compendium of Materia Medica", its sawdust soaking in water can lower blood pressure and blood lipids, and make pillows to relax muscles and invigorate blood.

The above curative Western medicines can be achieved in an instant, and the price is tens of thousands of times cheaper. Chinese medicine is a liar, who believes in Chinese medicine these days, who is Shabi. Therefore, the value of health care is untenable.

To sum up, it can be seen that Huanghuali wood is a kind of wood that the porcelain Sabis are eager to see. In a word, that's wood, and sabids for wood. A New York Wall Street foreigner put it bluntly: "China's rising millionaires, eager to show off their newfound wealth, are buying everything that is believed to be precious." This has contributed to the soaring price of huanghuali and also the price of royal antiques. ”

That night, Julius Caesar, who had the wisdom and courage of his strength, decided to decisively launch a counterfeit war against the Great Zabi of Elm, in order to plunge the national economy of this powerful opponent into chaos, in the hope that the United Empire of San Romain, which could not be overwhelmed in weapons, would be able to win in chaos. The next day, the "Counterfeit Money" Committee was formed, and the "Wood Hunting" expedition began to enter a state of preparation.

…………

Almost at the same time, the other side of the war also made a decision about wood, with the same melody as Julius Caesar thousands of miles away.

In early January B59, at an enlarged meeting of the Imperial Cabinet of the Marnerocco, the elders and the co-opted members of the Cabinet discussed the source of military expenses for the war.

Soon after the end of the colonial wars in the B century, there was a change of regime in the country in the mode of a coup d'état or a mutiny. The main exchange of fire between supporters on both sides was in the capital, where the National Archives caught fire during the fighting, and it is said that the cabinet elders burned the archives and records to destroy the incriminating evidence. After the fire, the entire National Archives was reduced to rubble, a large number of documents and archives were burned, and all the cabinet elders and participants died in the new nation's founding trial. The specific historical record of this meeting has long been lost.

According to the country's folk rumors and relevant historical facts at the time, the final decision made at the meeting may be to issue additional currency to fund military spending. Compared with taxation, it is still faster and more effective to issue money, and the people hardly feel anything in the short term, but in fact everyone pays more taxes, and every user of the currency in circulation in the country is robbed by the government.

During the colonial wars of the B century, the first incumbent Prime Minister of the Marnerocco Empire was named Ahma. It is said that it was at that meeting that he proposed the money-making policy of "printing as much money as we need for this war", without considering whether such a currency issuance would cause currency depreciation, and did not take any measures to balance prices.

The purpose of his strong advocacy of this move is simple -- to win re-election and "serve the prime minister until death."

More than 600 years ago, after the empire unified the continent of Marnlock, the empire strictly pursued a policy of "rest and recuperation". In order to maintain the hard-won unification, the top of the empire pursued both government and government, on the one hand, simplifying the government as much as possible to reduce taxes, reduce the burden on the people, and appease the people at home; On the other hand, it is actively expanding overseas and conducting conquests outside the mainland, with the intention of continuing to expand its territory and increasing the government's sources of revenue outside the mainland. More than 200 years ago, the country established a constitutional monarchy, and tax cuts became a habit, advocating a balance of revenue and expenditure, no fiscal surplus, and "not collecting more than a single excess tax from the people". Therefore, the country's treasury currency reserves are pitifully low, in fact, there is no major war, and there is no need to engage in too many currency reserves. Before the outbreak of this war, the empire had been at peace for nearly 100 years, and the people were accustomed to living a peaceful life and enjoying a dull, affluent and stable life, while the central treasury, which had been engaged in "precise budgets and no surplus finances" for 200 years, had no money in the treasury to pay for the war.

From the perspective of safeguarding his political reputation, Ahma strongly advocated that "the people must not be taxed", and besides, there is still a process of collecting and collecting taxes to make money, and it is too late in time.

In this war, the central government of the empire seems to have run out of money whenever it needs it. Before the outbreak of the war, the maximum mintage of the Marne-Rocco Empire's 100,000 Hundred Silk Pear Shenmu coins (each with a theoretical value of 200 grams of gold) reached 1.2 million. In just two years, the huge amount of wooden money circulating in the market has doubled geometrically, which can be called the "money-making movement". In the short term, the much-needed military spending will be solved, and the large amount of money that can skyrocket will inevitably lead to hyperinflation.

The motive of this "money-making campaign" may have been to achieve "no tax increases" and "no burden on the people", but the result was that everyone suffered great property losses.