Dujiangyan is a world cultural heritage (included in the list of "World Cultural Heritage" by UNESCO in 2000), a world natural heritage (Sichuan giant panda habitat), a national key cultural relics protection unit, a national scenic spot, and a national AAAAA tourist attraction. Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 info

Dujiangyan is located in the west of Dujiangyan City, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, is located on the Minjiang River in the west of the Chengdu Plain, was built in the last years of King Qin Zhao (about 256 ~ 251 BC), is the large-scale water conservancy project organized and built by Li Bing and his son in the Taishou Li Bing father and son of Shu County on the basis of the excavation of the turtle spirit of the predecessors, composed of the fish mouth of the water, the flying sand weir, the mouth of the treasure bottle, etc., has been playing the role of flood control irrigation for more than 2,000 years, making the Chengdu Plain become the "country of abundance" of water and drought from the people, fertile fields for thousands of miles, so far the irrigation area has reached more than 30 counties and cities, with an area of nearly 10 million acresIt is the world's oldest and only surviving grand water conservancy project that is still in use, characterized by water diversion without dams, and embodies the crystallization of the diligence, courage and wisdom of the working people of the Han nationality in ancient China.

Dujiangyan Scenic Area mainly includes Fulongguan, Erwang Temple, Anlan Rope Bridge, Yulei Pass, Lidui Park, Yuleishan Park, Yunu Peak, Lingyan Temple, Puzhao Temple, Cuiyue Lake, Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project, etc.

Dujiangyan is located in Guankou Town, Dujiangyan City, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, which is Dujiangyan

Dujiangyan

China's large-scale water conservancy projects, built in ancient times and used to this day, are known as the "originator of the world's water conservancy culture" and are famous tourist attractions in the country. It is generally believed that the Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project was built by Li Bing, the Taishou of Shu County of Qin State, and his son around 256 B.C., which is the world's oldest and only surviving grand water conservancy project characterized by water diversion without dams, and is also a national key cultural relics protection unit. [1]

In 1982, Dujiangyan, as an important part of the Qingcheng Mountain-Dujiangyan Scenic Area in Sichuan, was approved by the ****** to be included in the list of the first batch of national scenic spots. At the 24th session of the United Nations World Heritage Committee in 2000, according to the provisions of Article 1, Paragraph 2 of the United Nations Convention for the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage on the definition of cultural heritage, Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project was identified as a world cultural heritage because of its long history, large scale, reasonable layout, scientific operation, and harmonious combination with the environment, and has outstanding universal value in terms of history and science. On May 8, 2007, Chengdu Qingcheng Mountain-Dujiangyan Tourist Scenic Spot was officially approved by the National Tourism Administration as a national 5A-level tourist attraction. [2]

Collapse and edit this paragraph: Natural climate

The local area belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate, with the climate characteristics of early spring, hot summer, cool autumn and warm winter, with an average annual temperature of 16 degrees Celsius and an annual rainfall of about 1000 mm. A distinctive feature of Chengdu's climate is cloudy and foggy, with short sunshine hours. The folk proverb "Shu dog barking day" is a visual description of this climatic characteristic. Another distinctive feature of Chengdu's climate is its humid air, so although the temperature is not high in summer (the maximum temperature generally does not exceed 35 degrees Celsius), it can be muggy. In winter, the average temperature is above 5 degrees Celsius, but due to the cloudy days and the humid air, it is very cold. The rain in Chengdu is concentrated in July and August, and there is drought and little rain in winter and spring, and there is very little ice and snow.

Collapse and edit this paragraph of tourist attractions

Folding Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project

Chen Yunhe's poem "Dujiangyan": "Dujiangyan, which has condensed the sweat of wisdom and outstanding vision

Dujiangyan

It irrigates history, irrigates the nation, irrigates ancient poetry, and irrigates fertile land." The Dujiangyan water conservancy project makes full use of the local geographical conditions of high northwest and low southeast, according to the special topography, water vein, and water potential at the mouth of the river, takes advantage of the situation, diverts water without dams, and irrigates artesians, so that embankments, water distribution, flood discharge, sediment discharge, and flow control are interdependent and co-existent, and a common system ensures that the comprehensive benefits of flood control, irrigation, water transportation, and social water use are fully utilized. After the completion of Dujiangyan, the Chengdu Plain is fertile for thousands of miles, "water and drought from people, do not know famine, there is no famine year, called Tianfu". Sichuan's economy and culture have developed greatly. Its greatest thing is that it has endured for more than 2,000 years and is playing an increasingly effective role. The establishment of Dujiangyan is based on the premise of not destroying natural resources and making full use of natural resources to serve mankind, turning harm into benefit.

The head hub of Dujiangyan Canal is mainly composed of three main projects: Yuzui, Feishayan and Baohuakou. The three organically cooperate, restrain each other, coordinate operation, divert water to irrigate, divide floods and reduce disasters, and have the effect of "dividing four or six, leveling drought".

1. Minjiang Yuzui water diversion project

The fish mouth dike is also called "fish mouth", it is the water diversion project of Dujiangyan, it is named because it is shaped like a fish mouth, it is raised in the center of the Minjiang River, including a complete set of facilities that cooperate with each other, such as Baizhang embankment, pestle chacha, King Kong embankment, etc. Its main function is to divide the turbulent Minjiang River into two rivers inside and outside, the west is called the Waijiang River, commonly known as the "Jinma River", which is the positive flow of the Minjiang River, mainly used for flood discharge; The east side along the foot of the mountain is called Neijiang, which is an artificial water diversion channel, mainly used for irrigation.

In ancient times, the fish mouth was built with bamboo cages and pebbles. Because it is built in the center of the river where the Minjiang River rushes out of the mountain pass and circulates in a bend, the river water is relatively dry in winter and spring, the water flows through the bend above the fish mouth and bypasses, and the main stream rushes straight to the inner river, the water inflow of the inner river is about 6 percent, and the water inflow of the outer river is about 4 percent; In summer and autumn, the water level rises, the water potential is no longer restricted by the bend, the main stream rushes directly to the outer river, and the proportion of the water of the inner and outer rivers is automatically reversed: the water inflow of the inner river is about 4 percent, and the water inflow of the outer river is about 6 percent. This makes use of the topography to perfectly solve the problem of water use for farmland and people's daily life in the dry season of winter and spring in Neijiang irrigation area, and the problem of flood prevention in summer and autumn flood season.

2. Fragment of the Dujiangyan Water Discharge Ceremony of the Feishayan Spillway and Sand Discharge Project

Fragment of the Dujiangyan Water Release Ceremony

The spillway of Feishaweir is also called "floodway", which has the significant functions of flood drainage, sand discharge and regulating water volume, so it is also called "Feishaweir". Feishayan is one of the three major pieces of Dujiangyan, which looks very ordinary, but in fact, its function is very large, and it can be said that it is the key to ensure that the Chengdu Plain is not flooded. The function of the flying sand weir is mainly that when the water volume of the Neijiang River exceeds the upper limit of the flow rate of the treasure bottle, the excess water will overflow from the flying sand weir by itself; In the event of a catastrophic flood, it will burst its banks on its own, allowing a large amount of water to return to the normal flow of the Minjiang River. Another function of the flying sand weir is "flying sand", the Minjiang River gallops from the ten thousand mountains, carrying a large amount of sediment and stones, if they are allowed to go down the inner river, they will silt up the mouth of the treasure bottle and the irrigation area. In ancient times, the flying sand weir was a temporary project built with bamboo cage pebbles; Today, concrete casting has been used to ensure the effectiveness once and for all.

3. Water diversion project at the mouth of the treasure bottle

The mouth of the treasure bottle plays the role of "control gate", can automatically control the water inflow of the inner river, it is a hole chiseled on the long ridge of the Minjiang River stretched out by Mao Mountain (now known as Guankou Mountain, Yulei Mountain), it is artificially chiseled into the throat of the water inlet of the inner river, because it resembles the mouth of the bottle and the function is strange, so it is called the mouth of the treasure bottle. The hill left on the right side of the mouth of the treasure bottle is called Lidui because it is separated from the mountain. Before the pile was excavated at the mouth of the treasure bottle, it was a part of the Hutou Rock of Maoshan Mountain. Due to the magnificent natural landscape of Baohuakou, it is known as "Lidui Lock Gorge", which is one of the famous "Ten Views of Guanyang" in history.

Folding the Temple of the Two Kings

Erwang Temple is located on the slope of the right bank of the Minjiang River, facing Dujiangyan in front, Erwang Temple

Erwang Temple

Originally to commemorate the Wangdi Temple of the King of Shu, Qi Jianwu (AD 494~498) changed the worship of Li Bing and his son, renamed "Chongde Temple". After the Song Dynasty (960~1279 AD), Li Bing and his son were successively crowned kings by the emperor, so later generations called it "Erwang Temple". The main hall in the temple enshrines the statues of Li Bing's father and son, and treasures the famous sayings of water control, poet inscriptions, etc. The building complex is distributed on the east bank of the head of the Dujiangyan Canal, with a grand scale, rigorous layout, and extremely quiet ground. It is a famous scenic spot that combines temples and gardens. It covers an area of about 50,000 square meters, and the main building is about 10,000 square meters. Erwang Temple is divided into east and west, the east is the garden area, and the west is the temple area. The whole temple is a wooden structure building, the temple completely relies on the natural geographical environment, depending on the mountain, and does not emphasize the symmetry of the central axis in the architectural style.

In fact, Li Bing only has two daughters, one daughter and one half, so there is the legend of Li Bing's father and son, and there is a saying that the people think that the hero should always have a heroic son, so the young man who followed Li Bing was shaped into Li Bing's son, this young man is the prototype of Li Bing's son, and Li Bing's prototype is Erlang God.

Folding the Fulong view

Fulongguan is located in Lidui Park. It is adjacent to the deep pool, Fulong view

Fulongguan

Legend has it that because Li Bing had subdued the evil dragon here when he was controlling the water, he changed his sacrifice to Li Bing in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty and named it "Fulongguan". The existing hall is threefold, and there is a stone statue of Li Bing carved in the middle of the front hall in the Eastern Han Dynasty (25~220 AD). There are also stone statues of the Eastern Han Dynasty weir workers in the palace, the relics of the Tang Dynasty Jin Xian and Princess Yuzhen when they cultivated in Qingcheng Mountain-Feilongding. Fulongguan is also known as Laowang Temple, Li Gongci, Li Gongmiao, etc. In the fifth year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1866 AD), the governor of Sichuan really thought: "Although Yu Qi is a saint, he does not eat his father." In addition, the sage of the public: it is also due to Shu, and its force can be fixed and cannot wait for his son. Now is the number of classics to forget their ancestors, so that their father can be unordered?"

Folding Anlan Rope Bridge

Anlan Rope Bridge is also known as "Anlan Bridge" and "Husband and Wife Bridge". It is located on the fish mouth of Dujiangyan, Anlan rope bridge

Anlan Rope Bridge

Spanning the inner and outer rivers, it is known as the "Five Great Bridges of Ancient China" and is the most characteristic landscape of Dujiangyan. It was built before the Song Dynasty and was destroyed in the late Ming Dynasty (17th century). The ancient name was "Zhupu Bridge", the first year of Song Chunhua was changed to "Commenting Bridge", and the new bridge was renamed "Anlan Bridge" in Jiaqing, Qing Dynasty. The original rope bridge is supported by wooden row stone piers, hung horizontally on the river surface with thick bamboo cables, paved with wooden planks for the bridge deck, with bamboo cables as railings on both sides, with a total length of about 500 meters, and the current bridge is a steel cable concrete pile.

Rope bridges originated earlier in the western part of Sichuan. The specific age of the construction of the Anlan Rope Bridge is not from the examination, but according to the "Huayang National Chronicles, Shu Chronicles", Li Bing is "able". "Water Jing Note: River Water" contains "Fujiang River Bridge", which proves that at least the construction of Anlan Bridge will not be later than the construction of Dujiangyan. It is the main building material of the ancient rope bridge in western Sichuan, so the Anlan rope bridge is also known as the bamboo bridge, rope bridge, bamboo and rattan bridge, etc. The current bridge was rebuilt in 1974 and moved down more than 100 meters, with bamboo cables replaced by steel cables and concrete piles supporting the wooden pile piers.

Fold Dujiangyan lying iron

Lying iron is buried in the Neijiang "Fengqi Nest" Taotan standard, Dujiangyan lying iron

Dujiangyan lying iron

It is also a symbol of the depth of the riverbed in Neijiang every year. Legend has it that when Li Bing built the weir, he buried a stone horse under the riverbed of the Neijiang River, which served as the standard for the depth of the beach every year, and later evolved into a lying iron. The existing four horizontal irons were buried in the fourth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, the third year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty, the sixteenth year of the Republic of China and 1994. Now visitors can see the replica of the four lying irons at the fountain in the Lidui Ancient Park, and their authenticity is still buried under the riverbed of the Neijiang River. [3]

Folding Longchi National Forest Park

It is located in Dujiangyan City, northwest of Chengdu, and is far away from Chengdu Longchi National Forest Park

Longchi National Forest Park

It is only 84 kilometers away from Dujiangyan and is one of the 20 key national forest parks in China. It offers people a place to return to the beauty, charm and magic of nature.

The landform structure of Longchi National Forest Park was formed in the late Triassic period 190 million years ago, the origin of animals and plants is ancient, there are many ancient fossils, and the endangered tree species such as the dove tree, lotus incense tree, silver magpie, and round-leaved magnolia are called "living fossils" here, and the wild animals include golden snub-nosed monkeys, giant pandas, antelopes, golden pheasants and rock cattle, etc., which are praised as "wild plant gene pools" and "animal natural paradises" by Chinese and foreign experts.

When the spring is warm, the trees are revived, the emerald green is continuous, and in the green bushes, primroses, rhododendrons, peonies, wild lilies, etc., compete for fragrance and splendor, all over the forest; In the scorching summer, here is the summer resort, visitors or boating in the lake, or playing in the water stream, listening to the sound of the forest and the sea, hearing the sound of birds, the cool breeze blowing, comfortable eyes and clear heart; In the golden autumn season, the red leaves are all over the mountains, the forest is dyed, and the leaves drifting in the wind spread a thick velvety golden carpet to the forest, which is intoxicating; Winter is coming, wrapped in silver, thousands of mountains are covered in white, a pool of jade mirrors, and thousands of trees and flowers.

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Kuiguang Pagoda Hongkou Scenic Area Nanqiao Park Ming Palace

Qingxi Garden, Dujiangyan City God Temple, Yulei Guanlidui Park

Qinyanlou Yulei Mountain Park throws a pen trough Qingcheng Outer Mountain Scenic Area

Lingyan Temple of Cuiyue Lake, Avenue of Happiness

Collapse and edit this paragraphTravel guide

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all day

Folded tickets

1. Scenic spot ticket price: Dujiangyan ticket: 90 yuan

2. Dujiangyan half ticket: 45 yuan to purchase objects (1. Children between 1.1-1.4 meters tall; 2. Elderly people over 60 years old and disabled people with their valid certificates; 3. Student ID card, military officer ID)

Collapse the best time to visit

Chengdu belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate, with the climate characteristics of early spring, hot summer, cool autumn and warm winter, with an average annual temperature of 16 degrees Celsius and an annual rainfall of about 1,000 mm. A distinctive feature of Chengdu's climate is cloudy and foggy, with short sunshine hours. The folk proverb "Shu dog barking day" is a visual description of this climatic characteristic. Another distinctive feature of Chengdu's climate is its humid air, so although the temperature is not high in summer (the maximum temperature generally does not exceed 35 degrees Celsius), it can be muggy. In winter, the average temperature is above 5 degrees Celsius, but due to the cloudy days and the humid air, it is very cold. The rain in Chengdu is concentrated in July and August, and there is drought and little rain in winter and spring, and there is very little ice and snow.

Folding traffic

Chengdu's buses extend in all directions, and most places can be reached by bus, especially the city's attractions. At present, most of the buses in Chengdu are unmanned ticketing vehicles, and you need to bring your own change and coins. Regardless of distance, the fare is generally 1 yuan for getting on the bus, and 2 yuan for air-conditioned cars and high-end cars.

Dujiangyan bus line stops:

101 Road A: Dujiangyan Scenic Area, Dujiangyan Hotel, Health School, Kuiguang Pagoda Park, 405 Hospital, Qingcheng Bridge Yutang Station

Taxi: Most of the taxis in the city are Xiali and Jetta, with green tops and yellow bodies or blue tops and yellow bodies. 7:00~22:00 every day, the starting price is 5 yuan/3 km, and 1.4 yuan/km after 3 km; 22:00~7:00 The starting price is 6 yuan/3 km, and 1.7 yuan/km after 3 km. Taxi drivers in Chengdu generally don't rip off customers, and most of them can be regarded as a "living map", they know the delicious and fun places, and they will probably not be wrong to take their advice. Please use the meter to pay and remember to ask for the invoice when you get off the bus.

Human-powered tricycles: Tricycles have become a feature of Chengdu, mostly within the first ring road, and most in the city center. The tricycle driver has a unified work uniform, a unified work card on the chest, the starting price is 5 yuan/vehicle/time, and the total price is determined by the distance and the tricycle driver.

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Day1: Dujiangyan - Qingcheng Mountain

Arrive in the morning and visit Dujiangyan Scenic Area: first visit the South Bridge, then enter the Dujiangyan Scenic Area from Lidui Park, visit the Lidui Park Monument Pavilion, Lidui, Weir Gongdao, the first garden in western Sichuan - Qingxi Garden, visit the Warring States Qin Zhao King period (227 BC), Shu County Shou Li Bing built the first ancient weir in China on the Minjiang River - Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project listed as "World Cultural Heritage", Baohuakou Water Inlet, Feisha Weir Flood Dam, Guanyuzui Diversion Dike. Across the Anlan Rope Bridge, you can view the Qinyan Tower, which is being rebuilt after being damaged in the 5.12 earthquake, and the Erwang Temple commemorating Li Bing's father and son.

In the afternoon, we will visit Qingcheng Mountain, the birthplace of Taoism, which is listed as "World Cultural Heritage" and known as "Qingcheng World", enter from the mountain gate, climb the steps, pass through the Rain Pavilion, the Natural Pavilion, the Yile Nest, and the Attraction Pavilion, and then come to the Natural Picture Workshop. The natural picture workshop is located on the ridge of the archway gang of Longju Mountain, which is a ten-cornered pavilion of the Qing Dynasty; Through the mountain shade pavilion, Ningcui Bridge, five caves to the Taoist founder Zhang Daoling Jiemao preaching residence - Tianshi Cave, the original road down the mountain, feel the Qingcheng Mountain empty and green four, peaks, valleys, palaces are all reflected in the lush green forest. The Taoist pavilions are made of natural materials, not fake carvings, and the "secluded" of Qingcheng that integrates with the mountains, forests, rocks and springs.

Catering: At noon, you can solve the catering at the foot of Qingcheng Mountain.

Collapse and edit this section of history and culture

Origin of the name of the fold

In the early days of Li Bing's construction of the weir in Qinshu County, the name of Dujiangyan was called "Maoyan", this is because of the Yulei Mountain next to Dujiangyan, which was called "Maoshan" in the Qin and Han dynasties before, and at that time the main inhabitants around Dujiangyan were the Qiang people, and they called the weir "堋", so Dujiangyan was called "Maoyan".

During the Shu and Han dynasties of the Three Kingdoms, Dujiangyan area set up Du'an County, named after the county, Dujiangyan was called "Du'an Yan". At the same time, it is also called "Golden Embankment", which is to highlight the role of the fish mouth diversion embankment, and use the embankment as the name of the weir.

In the Tang Dynasty, Dujiangyan was renamed "Qianwei Weir". Because the materials and methods used to build embankments at that time were mainly "breaking bamboo as a cage, with a circular diameter of three feet, and using the stone to solid, tired and flooded with water", that is, using a bamboo cage to load stones, called "Qianwei".

It was not until the Song Dynasty, in the history of the Song Dynasty, that Dujiangyan was mentioned for the first time: "The Yongkang army ruled Dujiangyan for many years, and the cage stone snake broke the river to curb the water, so as to irrigate several county fields." ”

Regarding the origin of the name Dujiang, "Shushui Kao" said: "Fuhe, a Chengdu River, has two sources, namely Pijiang River and Liujiang River. Liujiang is another name for the river, the Fu River on the Chengdu Plain is the Pijiang River, the South River is the Jianjiang River, and their upstream is the Baitiao River and the Zouma River that divide the Neijiang River in Dujiangyan. "Gu Di Zhi" said: "Dujiang is the Chengdu River". Since the Song Dynasty, the entire Dujiangyan water conservancy system has been summarized and called Dujiangyan, which more accurately represents the entire water conservancy engineering system and has been used to this day.

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The Chengdu Plain, now known as the "Land of Abundance", was a place where floods and droughts were very serious in ancient times. Li Bai's sighs and tragic conditions in the famous poem "Shu Dao Difficulty", "Silkworms and fishes, how blank is the founding of the country", and "people or adult fish and turtles" are the true portrayal of that era. This condition is caused by the "harsh" natural conditions of the Minjiang River and the Chengdu Plain.

The Min River is a major tributary of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, flowing through the western part of the Sichuan Basin in China's rainy region. It originates from the southern foot of Minshan Mountain at the junction of Sichuan and Gansu, and is divided into the east source and the west source, the east source comes from the Gonggang Ridge, and the west source comes from the Langjia Ridge. The two sources converge at the non-dam confluence of Zhangla in the territory of Songpan. It flows south through Songpan County, Dujiangyan City and Leshan City in Sichuan Province and joins the Yangtze River in Yibin City. It has a total length of 793 kilometers and a basin area of 133,500 square kilometers. The average slope is 4.83‰, and the total water volume is about 15 billion m3 per year. The Minjiang River originates from the Gonggangling and Langjialing of Minshan Mountain, with a total length of 735 kilometers and a basin area of 140,000 square kilometers. The drop of the whole river is 3,560 meters, and the hydropower resources are more than 13 million kilowatts.

The Minjiang River is a tributary with the largest amount of water in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and the upper reaches of Dujiangyan are mainly composed of driftwood and hydroelectric power. The section from Dujiangyan City to Leshan is the middle reach, which flows through the Chengdu Plain area, and forms the Dujiangyan Irrigation Area together with the Tuojiang River system and many artificial river networks. Leshan is the downstream and is mainly shipping. There are more than 90 large and small tributaries of the Minjiang River, and there are Heishui River and Zagunao River in the upper reaches; In the middle reaches, there are Heishi River, Jinma River, Jiang'an River, Zouma River, Baitiao River, Puyang River and so on in Dujiangyan Irrigation Area; There are Tsing Yi River, Dadu River, Mabian River, Yuexi River and so on. The main water source comes from the right bank of the steep mountain, and the large tributaries are overflowing from the mountain gap on the right bank, and the rainfall is mainly concentrated in the rainy season, so the water of the Minjiang River rises and falls rapidly, and the water potential is turbulent.

The Minjiang River flows out of the Minshan Mountain Range, flows south from the west side of the Chengdu Plain, and is an authentic ground hanging river to the entire Chengdu Plain, and it hangs very much. The whole topography of the Chengdu Plain is from the Yulei Mountain in the pass of the Minjiang River, inclined to the southeast, the slope is very large, Dujiangyan is 50km away from Chengdu, and the drop is up to 273m. In ancient times, whenever the Minjiang River flooded, the Chengdu Plain was an ocean; In the event of a drought, it is thousands of miles of red land, and there is no harvest. The flooding of the Minjiang River has plagued Xichuan for a long time, swallowed fertile land, invaded people's livelihood, and became a major obstacle to the survival and development of the ancient Shu Kingdom.

The establishment of Dujiangyan has its specific historical roots. During the Warring States Period, the people who suffered from the war were eager for the reunification of China as soon as possible. Coincidentally, the Qin State, which had undergone the reform of the Shang Dynasty, was famous and virtuous for a while, and the country was flourishing. They correctly recognized the special strategic position of Ba and Shu in the unification of China, and "if Shu is gained, Chu will be won, and if Chu is lost, the world will be united" (Qin Xiang Sima mistake). In this historical context, at the end of the Warring States Period, King Qin Zhao appointed Li Bing, who knew astronomy, geography, and lived in seclusion, as the county guard of Shu. After Li Bing took office, he first made up his mind to cure the floods of the Minjiang River, develop agriculture in western Sichuan, benefit the Chengdu Plain, and create an economic foundation for Qin's unification of China.

Introduction to Folding Construction

Dujiangyan is located where the Minjiang River enters the alluvial plain from the valley river, and it irrigates thousands of hectares of farmland on the Chengdu Plain east of Guan County. Originally, the upper reaches of the Minjiang River flowed through the steep terrain of the Wanshan Mountains, and when they reached the Chengdu Plain, the water speed suddenly slowed down, so a large amount of sediment and rocks were deposited immediately, silting up the river.

When the rainy season arrives every year, the water potential of the Minjiang River and other tributaries rises sharply, and it often floods; When the rain is insufficient, it will cause drought. Two or three hundred years before the completion of Dujiangyan, King Du Yu of the ancient Shu Kingdom took enlightenment as the phase, opened an artificial river at the exit of the Minjiang River, and divided the water of the Minjiang River into the Tuojiang River to remove the water disaster.

In the fifty-first year of King Zhaoxiang of Qin (256 BC), Li Bing was the commander of Shu County. On the basis of the water control of his predecessors, Li Bing relied on the local people to build Dujiangyan in Guan County, where the Minjiang River flows out of the mountains and into the plain.

Dujiangyan is a comprehensive water conservancy project for flood control, irrigation and shipping.

Li Bing adopts the method of making a weir in the middle stream, and uses stones to build a stone ridge in the Minjiang Gorge, which is called Dujiang Fish Mouth, also called Dividing Water Fish Mouth. The fish mouth is a construction project that divides the water flow of the Minjiang River into two. The one on the east side is called Neijiang, which provides water for irrigation canals; The west side is called the Waijiang River, which is the positive flow of the Min River. In the south bank of the Minjiang River near Guan County, the Liqi (same pile) was built, which is the stone pile that was separated after the rock was excavated, and was sandwiched between the inner and outer rivers. On the east side of the Liqi is the water mouth of the Neijiang River, which is called the mouth of the treasure bottle, which has the function of controlling the flow of water. In summer, the water of the Minjiang River rises, and the fish mouth of the Dujiang River is submerged, and it becomes the second water division from the Jie. Neijiang enters the irrigation system densely spread over the western Sichuan Plain from below the mouth of the treasure bottle, and the water is infiltrated when it is dry, and the water gate is blocked when it rains ("Huayang Guozhi Shu Zhi"), which ensures the irrigation of about 3 million acres of fertile land, making the Chengdu Plain a country of abundance that guarantees income from drought and flood. The planning, design and construction of Dujiangyan are relatively scientific and creative. The project planning is quite perfect, and the combined use of the fish mouth and the treasure bottle mouth can distribute the flow of flood and dry water according to the needs of irrigation and flood control.

In order to control the flow of water, make three stone people at the water inlet and stand in the three waters, so that the water is not exhausted, and the sheng is not without shoulders ("Huayang Guozhi Shu Zhi"). These stone figures apparently served as a water gauge, which was the original water gauge. From the determination of the two heights of the stone man's foot and shoulder, it can be seen that there was not only a long-term observation of the water level at that time, but also a general law of the change range of the flood and dry water level of the Minjiang River. Through the observation of the water level of the inlet of the Neijiang River, the inlet flow rate is grasped, and then the water level is adjusted by the water distribution project of the fish mouth and the treasure bottle mouth, so that the inlet flow of the channel can be controlled. This shows that as early as 2300 years ago, the working people of China have mastered and used the principle of weir flow through a certain flow rate under a certain head in the management of irrigation projects. In Dujiangyan, Li Bing made five more stone rhinos,...... The second is in the abyss ("Huayang Guozhi Shu Zhi"), and the second in the abyss refers to staying in the inner river. The role of the stone rhinoceros and the stone man is different, and the depth at which it is buried is as the control elevation of the Dujiangyan year-old deep Taotan. Through the deep shoal, the riverbed is kept at a certain depth and has a certain size of the cross-section, so that the riverbed can safely pass through a relatively large flood volume. It can be seen that at that time, people had a certain understanding and application of the relationship between flow and water cross-section. This quantitative relationship is an important aspect of the modern flow formula.

Folding the construction process

In the 51st year of King Zhaoxiang of Qin (256 B.C.), Li Bing, the Taishou of Shu County of Qin, and his son, learned from the experience of their predecessors in water control, led the local people, and presided over the construction of the famous Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project. The overall plan of Dujiangyan is to divide the water flow of the Minjiang River into two, one of which will be introduced into the Chengdu Plain, so that it can not only divide the flood and reduce the disaster, but also divert water to irrigate the fields and turn the harm into benefit. The main works include the fish mouth diversion embankment, the flying sand weir spillway and the water intake of the treasure bottle.

1. The construction process of the mouth of the treasure bottle

First of all, Li Bing and his son invited many farmers with experience in water control to conduct on-the-spot surveys of the terrain and water conditions, and decided to dig through Yulei Mountain to divert water. Since gunpowder had not yet been invented at that time, Li Bing burned the stone with fire to burst the rock, and finally carved a mountain pass 20 meters wide, 40 meters high and 80 meters long in Yulei Mountain. Because its shape resembles the mouth of the bottle, it is named "treasure bottle mouth", and the stone pile separated by the excavation of Yulei Mountain is called "off the pile".

The reason why it is necessary to repair the mouth of the treasure bottle is because only by opening up the Yulei Mountain and making the water of the Minjiang River flow smoothly to the east can the flow of the river water in the west be reduced, so that the river water in the west will no longer overflow, and at the same time, the drought in the east area can be relieved, so that the surging river water can flow into the arid area and irrigate the fertile fields there. This is the key link in the control of floods, and it is also the first step of the Dujiangyan project.

2. The construction process of the fish mouth in the water

After the completion of the water diversion project of the treasure bottle, although it played the role of diversion and irrigation, but because of the high terrain of the east of the river, it is difficult for the river water to flow into the mouth of the bottle, in order to make the water of the Minjiang River flow smoothly and maintain a certain flow, and give full play to the flood distribution and irrigation role of the mouth of the bottle, the builder Li Bing decided to build a water diversion weir in the middle of the Minjiang River after digging the mouth of the bottle, and the river water is divided into two branches: one goes down the river, and the other is forced to flow into the mouth of the bottle. Because the front end of the weir is shaped like the head of a fish, it is called a "fish mouth".

The completion of the fish mouth divides the upstream river into two: the west side is called the Waijiang River, which flows down the Minjiang River rain; The east side is called Neijiang, and it flows into the mouth of the treasure bottle. Because the inner river is narrow and deep, and the outer river is wide and shallow, the water level is low in the dry season, and 60% of the river water flows into the inner river with a low riverbed, ensuring the production and domestic water of the Chengdu Plain. When the flood comes, most of the river water is discharged from the wider outer river due to the high water level, and this design of automatic distribution of the water volume of the inner and outer rivers is called "four or six water division".

3. The construction process of the flying sand weir

In order to further control the amount of water flowing into the mouth of the treasure bottle, play the role of flood distribution and disaster reduction, and prevent the water volume in the irrigation area from being large and small and unable to maintain stability, Li Bing built a flat water tank for flood distribution and a "flying sand weir" spillway at the tail of the fish mouth diversion embankment, leaning on the place of the mouth of the treasure bottle, so as to ensure that the inner river is free of disasters.

The flying sand weir is piled up by the method of loading pebbles in bamboo cages, and the top of the weir is at a relatively appropriate height, which plays a role in regulating the amount of water. When the water level of the Neijiang River is too high, the flood water flows into the Waijiang River through the flat water tank and the Feishaweir overflows, so that the amount of water entering the mouth of the treasure bottle is not too large, and the Neijiang irrigation area is protected from flooding. At the same time, the flow of water flowing into the outer river through the flying sand weir creates a swimming vortex, and due to centrifugal action, sediment and even boulders will be thrown through the flying sand weir, so it can also effectively reduce the deposition of sediment around the mouth of the treasure bottle.

In order to observe and control the amount of water in the Neijiang River, Li Bing carved three more stone pile portraits and placed them in the water to determine the water level with the idea that "the dry water does not flood the feet, and the flood does not exceed the shoulders". Stone horses are also chiseled and placed in the middle of the river as a standard for beach exploration at the minimum annual water volume. [2]

Under the leadership of Li Bing's organization, people overcame many difficulties and finally completed this historical project - Dujiangyan after eight years of hard work.

Folding the annual repair system

The effective management of Dujiangyan ensures that the entire project can still play an important role after more than 2,000 years. When Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty set up "Dushui rafters" and "Dushui Chief" to be responsible for maintaining the weir head project; During the Shu Han Dynasty, Zhuge Liang set up a weir official and "recruited 1,200 people to protect it" ("Water Jing Note ̇ River Water"). Since then, the county order where the weir head is located is in charge. By the time of the Song Dynasty, the annual repair system that has been implemented to this day was formulated.

The weir body of the ancient bamboo cage structure was not stable under the impact of the Minjiang River rapids, and the Neijiang channel could not avoid siltation despite the sediment discharge mechanism. Therefore, Dujiangyan needs to be renovated regularly to make it operate effectively. During the Song Dynasty, a system was established to cut off the flow of water in winter and spring every year, and the agricultural slack was established, which was called "wearing Tao". Trim the weir body during the annual repair, and dig the river deeply. The depth of the beach is based on the stone horse dug to the bottom of the beach, and the height of the weir body is subject to the same level as the water on the rock wall on the opposite bank. Since the Ming Dynasty, the use of the horizontal iron instead of the stone horse as a symbol of the depth of the beach, the existing three one zhang long horizontal iron, located on the left bank of the mouth of the treasure bottle, were cast in the Ming Wanli period, the Qing Dynasty Tongzhi period and 1927 respectively.

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Sima Qian inspected Dujiangyan

In the sixth year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (111 BC), when Sima Qian was ordered to send an envoy to the southwest, he inspected Dujiangyan on the spot. He recorded Li Bing's achievements in founding Dujiangyan in the "Book of Historical Records". Later generations built Xizhan Pavilion and Xizhan Hall in the Minshan Mountain of Shu in its west and away from the pile to commemorate.

Zhang Ling preached Qingcheng Mountain

When Emperor Shun of the Eastern Han Dynasty (126~144 AD), Zhang Ling crossed the Qinling Mountains from Luoyang to Heming Mountain to cultivate, and on July 1 of the second year of Han'an (143 AD), he led his disciples to Qingcheng Mountain to preach. Zhang Ling preached in the mountainous areas around Qingcheng for 13 years, and Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty was feathered in Qingcheng Mountain in the second year of Yongshou (156 AD), and the third mixed yuan top was buried. Qingcheng Mountain has become the birthplace of the Heavenly Master's Dao, and the Changdao Temple is called "the mystery of the immortal capital, the domain of the blessed land of Huichang, and the feathering of Zhang Tianshi". The heavenly masters of Longhu Mountain in the past dynasties came to Qingcheng Mountain to worship the ancestral court and sweep the tomb of Zhang Ling, the heavenly master of the Han Dynasty. There is an ancient ginkgo tree next to the Tianshi Cave, it takes seven or eight big men to surround it, it is extremely rare in Sichuan Province and even the whole country, it is said that this ancient ginkgo tree was planted by Zhang Ling himself.

Zhuge Liang set up a weir to protect the weir

In the sixth year of the construction of the Shu Han Dynasty (228 AD), Zhuge Liang marched north, taking Dujiangyan as the foundation of agriculture and an important pillar of national economic development, recruiting 1,200 soldiers to guard, and setting up full-time weir officials to carry out regular management and maintenance.

Marco Polo traveled to Dujiangyan

During the period from Yuan Shizu to Yuan (1264~1294 AD), the Italian traveler Marco Polo rode a horse from Hanzhong, Shaanxi, and arrived in Chengdu for more than 20 days and visited Dujiangyan. Later, in his book "The Travels of Marco Polo", he said: "The Dujiang River system, the river is very fast, there are many fish in the river, and there are many ships coming and going, carrying commercial goods, going upstream and downstream. ”

Richthofen inspects Dujiangyan

During the reign of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1862~1874), the German geographer Richthofen (Richthofen 1833-1905) came to Dujiangyan to investigate, and praised the perfection of Dujiangyan irrigation method with the eyes of an expert, which is unparalleled in the world. In 1872, he set up a special chapter in the "Letters of Baron Richthofen" to introduce Dujiangyan. Richthofen was the first person to introduce Dujiangyan to the world in detail. In 1872, Richthofen praised "the perfection of the irrigation method in Dujiangyan is unparalleled in the world". [3]

Huang Yanpei runs a school in Jiangyan

In 1941, Huang Yanpei went to Dujiangyan and selected Fengdu Temple in the eastern suburbs of the city as the school site. In the summer of the following year, Lu Shuang, the principal of Chongqing Vocational School, was appointed to come to Guan County to purchase paddy fields, ploughing cattle and farm tools to prepare conditions for teaching practice. In February 1944, the "Dujiang Practical Vocational School" opened, with Shen Suwen as the principal, and Huang Yanpei and his wife Yao Weijun went to Guan County to preside over the opening ceremony, and personally formulated the school motto of "truth must be sought in reason, truth must be sought in things, words must be trustworthy, and actions must be practical". The school advocates the study style of "using both hands and brains", and pays attention to the cultivation of students' ideological accomplishment, cultural knowledge and production skills. The school established a board of directors, with Huang Yanpei as the chairman. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the school was handed over to Guan County in October 1945.

Lin Sen presided over the Dujiangyan boiling ceremony

On the Qingming Festival in 1942, officials from the Sichuan Provincial Government and 14 counties in the irrigation district gathered in Dujiangyan to hold a water boiling ceremony, which was presided over by Lin Sen, chairman of the national government who was living in Guan County at the time. Before opening the weir, Li Bing was sacrificed in Fulongguan, and the statue of Li Bing was worshipped. After the sacrifice, Lin Sen and his attendants took a sedan chair to the Erwang Temple to worship Li Erlang. After the sacrifice, Lin Sen and his attendants went to Dujiangyan Yuzui, and in the midst of firecrackers and cheers, they watched the weir open and release the water.

Feng Yuxiang donated money to build a pavilion

In 1941, 1942 and 1945, Feng Yuxiang, vice chairman of the Military Commission of the Nationalist Government, stayed in Guan County and Qingcheng Mountain several times. On the eve of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Feng Yuxiang lived in the Zhenwu Palace of Qingcheng Mountain. On the morning of August 11, 1945, when he heard the news of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War and the surrender of Japan, he immediately donated funds to build a pavilion on the side of Zhenwu Palace, named "Wensheng", and wrote a book to engrave a monument to stand in the pavilion.

The People's Liberation Army rushed to repair Dujiangyan

In 1949, when the Chinese People's Liberation Army entered Sichuan, Commander He Long pointed out that it was necessary to repair Dujiangyan first and get back the delayed repair time. It was also decided to allocate a special fund from the military expenditure, and it was determined that Wang Xifu would be responsible for the repairs, and the People's Liberation Army stationed in Guan County would assist in the emergency repairs. On December 29, the temporary supervision office of Dujiangyan annual repair project was established. The Chengdu Military Control Commission allocated 30,000 silver dollars for emergency repairs. More than 1,500 people from the 184th Division of the People's Liberation Army stationed in Guan County participated in the emergency repair project under the command of division commander Lin Bin and political commissar Liang Wenying. The entire renovation project was completed by the end of March 1950. On April 2, a boiling water ceremony was held in accordance with the traditional customs of Dujiangyan.

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1. The establishment of Dujiangyan created a ****** in the history of water conservancy in ancient China

The establishment of Dujiangyan is based on the premise of not destroying natural resources and making full use of natural resources to serve mankind, turning harm into benefit, and making people, land and water highly harmonious and unified, which is the only great "ecological project" left in the world so far. It has created a ****** in the history of water conservancy in ancient China, marked a new stage in the history of water conservancy in China, and written a glorious chapter in the history of water conservancy in the world. The Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project is the crystallization of the wisdom of the ancient Chinese people and an epoch-making masterpiece of Chinese culture.

Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project. After 2,260 years, it is the only one in the world that has survived and is characterized by the diversion of water without dams. It is the most successful water conservancy masterpiece in ancient Chinese history, and it is also the only remaining wonder of ancient water conservancy projects that have been used to this day. The irrigation systems of ancient Egypt and ancient Babylon, as well as the Zhengguo Canal in Shaanxi Province and the Ling Canal in Guangxi, China, have all disappeared or failed due to the vicissitudes of the sea and the passage of time.

Dujiangyan makes full use of the local geographical conditions of high northwest and low southeast, according to the special topography, water vein, and water potential at the mouth of the river, takes advantage of the situation, diverts water without dams, and irrigates artesians, so that the embankment, water distribution, flood discharge, sediment discharge, and flow control are interdependent, and the system is a common system, which ensures that the comprehensive benefits of flood control, irrigation, water transportation and social water use are fully utilized. Its greatest thing is that it has endured for more than 2,250 years and is playing a growing role.

2. Dujiangyan is a scientific, complete and huge water conservancy engineering system with great development potential

The Dujiangyan founded by Li Bing has correctly handled the relationship between the main projects such as the Yuzui diversion embankment, the Feishaweir spillway, and the Baohuakou water intake, so that they are interdependent, their functions complementary, skillfully coordinated, and integrated, so as to form a system project with a reasonable layout, and jointly play an important role in diverting and separating sediment, discharging and discharging sediment, and diverting water and dredging sediment, so that there will be no shortage of dry water and no flooding. The three major parts of Dujiangyan have scientifically solved the problems of automatic river water diversion, automatic sand discharge, and control of water inflow, and eliminated flood disasters.

The Dujiangyan founded by Li Bing is a scientific, complete, and huge water conservancy engineering system with great development potential, a water conservancy project that is ingenious, beneficial to the present and beneficial to the future, and a model of regional water conservancy network. Later, a number of historical projects such as Lingqu, Itshan Weir, Yuliang Dam and Daicun Dam all have the imprint of Dujiangyan.

The scientific mystery of the Dujiangyan water conservancy project is reflected in the fact that the above three major projects form a complete system, forming the ability to divert water without dam and under different water volumes in the Minjiang River, so that the Chengdu Plain "follows people from water and drought and does not know hunger", and meets the needs of social and economic development at that time. After the liberation, the functions of water storage and culvert water supply were added, so that the scientific, technological and economic connotation of the Dujiangyan project was fully expanded, and it met the needs of modern economic development.

In view of the characteristics and contradictions of the hanging rivers of the Minjiang River and the Chengdu Plain, the Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project gives full play to the characteristics of self-regulation of the water body, avoiding heights and going down, and circulating in curves, and "takes advantage of the situation and adapts measures to the conditions of the time", correctly handles the contradictions between the Minjiang River and the Chengdu Plain, and makes them unified in a major engineering system, turning water disasters into water conservancy.

More than 2,000 years ago, Dujiangyan achieved such great scientific achievements, which is unique in the world, and is still the best work of water conservancy engineering in the world. In 1872, the German geographer Richthofen (1833-1905) praised "the perfection of the irrigation method of Dujiangyan is unparalleled in the world". In 1986, the Secretary-General of the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID) Francim and experts from various countries of the International Society of River Sediment visited Dujiangyan and spoke highly of the scientific irrigation and sediment discharge functions of Dujiangyan. In March 1999, after visiting Dujiangyan, officials of the United Nations Habitat Centre suggested that the Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project participate in the 2000 United Nations "Best Water Resources Utilization and Treatment Award".

Folding Dujiangyan water culture

The water culture of Dujiangyan with strong regional color produced by Dujiangyan includes hydrology, water cultural relics, water theology, etc., such as the cultural landscape of "Erwang Temple", "Fulong Temple", "Observation Deck" and so on; The stone statue of Li Bing of the Eastern Han Dynasty unearthed from the excavation of the fish mouth and the stone carving of "drinking water and thinking of the source"; Praise the folklore of Li Bing's father and son to descend the dragon and control the water and the sacrificial activities with a certain religious and theological color; As well as the resulting water-sacrificing poems, words, calligraphy and painting of water, gods, and people, the hydrology of calligraphy and painting has formed a unique Dujiangyan water culture. There is a stone tablet in Dujiangyan, which is engraved with the words "deep Taotan, low weir".

Folded in memory of the builders

Dujiangyan was built in 256 B.C., is a large-scale water conservancy project built by Li Bing, the Taishou of Shu County of Qin State and his son, during the Warring States Period of China, and is the world's oldest and only surviving grand water conservancy project characterized by water diversion without dams. For more than 2,200 years, it still plays a huge role, Li Bing's water control, the merit in the present generation, the benefit in the future, worthy of the great masterpiece of the civilized world, the great water conservancy project for the benefit of the people. The Chengdu Plain can be so rich and is known as the "Tianfu" paradise, fundamentally speaking, it is the result of Li Bing's establishment of Dujiangyan. Therefore, the "Historical Records" said: "Dujiangyan was built, so that the Chengdu Plain 'water and drought from people, do not know famine, there is no famine, the world is called "Tianfu" also'".

For more than 2,000 years, Li Bing and his son chiseled away the pile, opened a weir and built a canal to bring blessings to the country of abundance have been revered and appreciated by the world, and the Erwang Temple has not only flourished with incense from ancient times to the present, but also has been official and folk festivals and sacrificial activities in history. A temple fair centered on June 24 and June 26 of the lunar calendar every year with Li Bing and his son as the theme characters has been formed.

Fold the Dujiangyan three-character scripture

People have created Dujiangyan water culture in long-term practice, which has profound connotation and is an important factor for the long-term prosperity of Dujiangyan project. The principle of "taking advantage of the situation and adapting measures to the conditions of the time" is the criterion for the management of the Dujiangyan project, and people call it the "eight-character maxim". Dujiangyan's three-character scripture for water control is also a summary of people's experience in governing the Dujiangyan project and a code of conduct. "Deep Taotan, low weir, six-character purpose, Qianqiujian, digging river sand, piling embankments, building fish mouths, Anyang pen, standing Pai Que, chiseling leaky tanks, cage weaving dense, stone outfits, divided into four six, flat drought, water painting symbols, iron chun see, years of diligent repair, prevention, follow the old system, do not change."

The three-character scripture of water control is a summary of people's experience in governing Dujiangyan for more than 1,000 years, has a profound cultural connotation, and is the code of conduct for governing Dujiangyan. Some people once criticized the "abide by the old system and do not change without permission" in the "Three Character Classic for Water Control" as a reflection of conservative thinking. Practice has proved that every measure in the "Three Character Classic for Water Control" has been summed up by people from long-term practice and is worthy of cherishing and inheriting. The so-called observance of the old system and not changing without permission means that when governing Dujiangyan, it is necessary to act according to objective laws, and the "Three Character Classic for Water Control" is a summary of the experience of the Dujiangyan project in the past thousands of years. "Don't change without permission" is not immutable, but to follow objective laws to do things. Practice has proved that the cultural connotation of the "Three Character Classic for Water Control" is the result of people's long-term practice. As people continue to practice, the significance of the "Three Characters for Water Control" will keep pace with the times and guide the protection and development of the Dujiangyan Project for a long time.

According to the water potential and topographic characteristics, the Dujiangyan project is used to intercept the diversion of the pestle and the river, the pebble revetment, the bamboo cage is filled with stone embankment, and the horizontal iron shows the standard of the beach, as well as the relics such as "bending and cutting, every time the heart is drawn" and "deep Taotan, low weir" and other relics constitute a unique landscape, the craftsmanship is exquisite, the shape is beautiful, the function is remarkable, showing the characteristics of Dujiangyan water culture, and has far-reaching historical and practical significance. As for the legend of subduing the evil dragon, the story of Wangniangtan is a household name, with profound cultural connotation, reflecting people's love and attachment to Dujiangyan. The water gauge and the ancient water rules at the mouth of the treasure bottle show the wisdom of the working people, guide the people in the irrigation area to correctly use the water resources of Dujiangyan, and enable the industrial and agricultural production in the irrigation area to take advantage of the situation and drive away the advantages and avoid the harm. At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the government published the water level of Dujiangyan Baohuakou in the "West Sichuan Daily" every day, so that the people in the irrigation area could grasp the water situation in Dujiangyan in a timely manner and arrange production, flood prevention and drought relief. The treasure bottle saliva still has the significance of guiding the industrial and agricultural production and domestic water use in the irrigation area. The unearthing of the statue of Li Bing and the discovery of "Lying Iron" show the water culture of Dujiangyan and arouse people's remembrance and reverence for the pioneers of the construction of Dujiangyan.

Folding Dujiangyan Water Discharge Festival

The temple fair is held every year on June 24 and June 26 of the lunar calendar. Li Bing presided over the establishment of Dujiangyan, which turned the western Sichuan Plain, which had long suffered from floods and droughts, into a rich and world-renowned "land of abundance." The people's affection for him is unforgettable. For more than 2,000 years, Li Bing and his son chiseled away from the pile, opened a weir and built a canal for the blessings brought by the country of abundance have been revered and appreciated by the world, the Erwang Temple has not only been prosperous with incense from ancient times to the present, but also has both the official memorial activities in history, as well as the folk sacrificial activities of the common people, and the official sacrificial activities are more grand. According to historical records, the official sacrificial activities were officially promulgated in the seventh year of Song Kaibao (929), and it was initially set to be sacrificed once a year, and later changed to two sacrifices a year in spring and autumn. The early sacrifices were very solemn, and there were very solemn blood sacrifices. In modern times, it has been replaced by the celebration of "Qingming Water Festival", which has become a unique custom in Dujiangyan.

Li Bing - Edited entry by a water conservancy scholar during the Warring States Period

Li Bing (c. 302 B.C. ~ 235 B.C.), known as Luhai, was a famous water conservancy engineering expert in the Qin State during the Warring States Period. From 256 BC to 251 BC, he was appointed by King Qin Zhao as the Taishou of Shu County (now Chengdu). During this period, Li Bing controlled the water and created the miracle work, and the guiding ideology of his construction of the weir is the Taoist idea of "Taoism and Nature" and "the unity of heaven and man". He recruited migrant workers to build many water conservancy projects in the Minjiang River basin, among which the Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project, which he and his son presided over the construction of, was the most famous. For thousands of years, the project has laid a solid foundation for the Chengdu Plain to become a land of abundance. In later generations, in order to commemorate Li Bing's father and son, there was a temple of two kings in Dujiangyan. Dujiangyan has also become a famous scenic spot.

After he finished repairing Dujiangyan, he built a water conservancy project in Luoshui Town, Shifang, Sichuan, and died of illness and was buried on Zhangshan Mountain next to Luoshui Town. He was revered as the lord of Sichuan by later generations. In the section between Gaojingguan and Luoshui next to Luoshui, the descendants on both sides of the pass built the Dawang Temple and the Erwang Temple to commemorate Li Bing and his son. , Jiang **** and other party and state leaders have inscribed for Li Bing's cemetery.

Li Bing, a water conservancy scholar during the Warring States Period, also had a "Portrait of Li Bing" painted by Zhao Yunyu for astronomy and geography

Zhao Yunyu painted "Portrait of Li Bing"

Study. In the last years of King Zhaoxiang of Qin (about 256 ~ 251 BC), he was the commander of Shu County, and presided over the construction of Dujiangyan, an early irrigation project in China, at the exit of the Minjiang River in Dujiangyan City, Sichuan Province (formerly Guan County), thus making the Chengdu Plain rich. According to the Huayang Guozhi Shu Chronicles, Li Bing once installed a Shiren water gauge in Dujiangyan, which was an early water level observation facility in China. He also excavated beach hazards in present-day Yibin and Leshan, dredged waterways, and built irrigation and shipping projects such as Wenjing River (now Xihe River in Chongqing County), Baimu River (now Qionglai South River), Luoshui (now Shiting River), and Mianshui (now Mianyuan River), as well as repairing rope bridges and opening salt wells. He also built a five-foot road connecting the Central Plains, the Mingshan District Police Station in Ya'an City, Sichuan Province and Yunnan. The common people remembered his exploits and built temples to commemorate him. After the Northern Song Dynasty, there was also a story of Li Bing's son Li Erlang assisting Li Bing in controlling the water.

The Erwang Temple built at the head of the Dujiangyan Canal is the commemoration of the great cause of Li Bing and his son in controlling the water. Most of the inscriptions are technical essentials for the maintenance of water conservancy projects in irrigation areas. Every year during the Qingming Festival, local residents will hold sacrificial activities and boiling water (water release after the completion of the annual repair) ceremony at the Erwang Temple. Li Bing has now become a deity worshipped by the people of the Dujiangyan irrigation district, and water-related religious activities have strengthened the connection between the government and water users in the management of the irrigation district. Li Bing, now Shanxi Province. Yuncheng. Salt Lake District. Jiezhou Town. A native of the suburban village, he was a water conservancy scholar during the Warring States Period, and he also studied astronomy and geography. In the last years of King Zhaoxiang of Qin (about 256 ~ 251 BC), he was the commander of Shu County, and presided over the construction of Dujiangyan, an early irrigation project in China, at the exit of the Minjiang River in Dujiangyan City, Sichuan Province (formerly Guan County), thus making the Chengdu Plain rich. According to the Huayang Guozhi Shu Chronicles, Li Bing once installed a Shiren water gauge in Dujiangyan, which was an early water level observation facility in China. He also excavated beach hazards in present-day Yibin and Leshan, dredged waterways, and built irrigation and shipping projects such as Wenjing River (now Xihe River in Chongqing County), Baimu River (now Qionglai South River), Luoshui (now Shiting River), and Mianshui (now Mianyuan River), as well as repairing rope bridges and opening salt wells. The common people remembered his exploits and built temples to commemorate him. After the Northern Song Dynasty, there was also a story of Li Bing's son Li Erlang assisting Li Bing in controlling the water. The Erwang Temple built at the head of the Dujiangyan Canal is the commemoration of the great cause of Li Bing and his son in controlling the water. Most of the inscriptions are technical essentials for the maintenance of water conservancy projects in irrigation areas. Every year during the Qingming Festival, local residents will hold sacrificial activities and boiling water (water release after the completion of the annual repair) ceremony at the Erwang Temple. Li Bing is now a deity worshipped by the people of the Dujiangyan irrigation district, and water-related religious activities have strengthened the link between the government and water users in the management of the irrigation district. Li Bing and his son Erlang conducted field investigations along the banks of the Minjiang River to understand the water conditions and topography, and formulated a planning plan for the control of the Minjiang River. In order to make the water of the Minjiang River flow eastward, a 20-meter-wide opening was first carved out of Yulei Mountain, which was called "Treasure Bottle Mouth". The end of the separated Yulei Mountain, shaped like a large stone pile, is called "off the pile" by later generations. In addition, the method of building a water dividing weir in the center of the river was also adopted, and the river water was made into two branches, forcing one of them to flow into the mouth of the treasure bottle. In the process of building the weir dividing the water, after the failure of using the stone throwing in the center of the river to build the weir, Li Bing opened up a new road, let the bamboo workers weave a large bamboo cage three zhang long and two feet wide, filled with pebbles, and then sank to the bottom of the river one by one, and finally defeated the rapid river water and built a water-dividing embankment. The front end of the embankment is like a fish's head at the beginning, so it is named "fish mouth". It faces the upper reaches of the Min River, dividing the surging river into east and west. The west stock is called the Waijiang River, which is the positive flow of the Min River; The east share is called Neijiang, is the main trunk canal of the irrigation canal system, the head of the canal is the mouth of the treasure bottle, flows through the mouth of the treasure bottle and then divides into many large and small ditches and rivers, forming a criss-cross fan-shaped water network, irrigating the thousands of miles of farmland in the Chengdu Plain. The two sides of the diversion weir are built with large pebble berms, * the side of the inner river is called the inner diamond embankment, and the outer river side is called the outer diamond embankment, also called the "golden embankment". After the completion of the water distribution weir, there were few floods and droughts in the Chengdu Plain irrigated by the Neijiang River.

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Regarding Li Bing's origin, the academic community has always had different opinions. It wasn't until 1999 that Li Baosheng, a descendant of the Li family in Shanxi, read a book called "Dujiangyan", in which Li Bing's family and place of birth were mentioned and still unknown. Remembering that there is a record of "the ancestor Li Bing went to Shu to control the water" in his family tree, he was very excited to send a letter to the Dujiangyan CPPCC, which unveiled this eternal mystery and confirmed that Li Bing's hometown was Yuncheng, Shanxi. But there are also different theories, Tan Jihe, president of the Sichuan Provincial Historical Society, believes that Li Bing's identity and ancestral home are a mystery in the field of historiography, and there are two mainstream modern theories: one is Shanxi and the other is Shaanxi. None of them could be confirmed due to insufficient corroboration. The genealogy of Li Baosheng's family has not been recorded before 52 generations, so it is difficult to become direct evidence. "There are still many genealogical sequences in which the previous generation of famous people are listed as the ancestors." Why does the family tree only record generations 52 to 70? Li Baosheng explained: The trend of genealogical revision only prevailed in the Qing Dynasty, and most people would not revise genealogies earlier.

Even the record of his name in the historical books is incomplete. "Historical Records of the River and Canal Book" records "Shu Shoubing", with a name but no surname. "Hanshu Gou Xunzhi" records "Shu Shou Li Bing", which is considered to be complete with a complete surname. The "Historical Records" and the "Book of Han" succinctly recorded his deeds of "chiseling away from the pile, avoiding the harm of foaming water, and passing through the middle of the Erjiang Chengdu". Historians estimate that he was a native of the reign of King Zhao of Qin and served as the Taishou of Shu from around 276 BC to 251 BC.

Li Bing finally died of illness due to overwork on the construction site of the Shiting River. "Shuzhong Famous Places of Interest" Shifang article contains: "There is a large mound on the cliff behind Zhangshan, and the stele cloud: Qin Li Bing's burial place." The ancient Shu chronicle says: Li Binggong matched the summer queen, ascended to immortal in the back city (governance), and hid the clothes in the Zhangshan mound. "Tang Book Geographical Chronicles" contains: "Dalang (Wang) Temple, 50 miles north of Zhi (Shifang), the sun of Dapeng Mountain, Shu Taishou Li Bing Shrine." Nearby monuments after the city governance, the future city brigade, Li Bing died here. "Tang Shu Geographical Chronicles" recorded: "Dalang (Wang) Temple, fifty miles north of Zhibei, the sun of Dapeng Mountain, Shu Taishou Li Bing Shrine."

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Fold Dujiangyan

Li Bing was an outstanding hydraulic engineer in the [Warring States Period] period in China, the designer and organizer of the construction of Dujiangyan. The well-known Dujiangyan is located in the middle reaches of the Minjiang River in the central part of Sichuan Province, and the whole project is composed of three main projects: the water diversion weir, the flying sand weir and the treasure bottle mouth. It has a grand scale, a suitable location, a reasonable layout, and has three functions: flood control, irrigation and navigation, and is also a rare miracle in the history of water conservancy engineering in the world. For more than 2,000 years, it has played a huge role in drainage and irrigation, ensuring local agricultural production.

In ancient times, Shu (now Sichuan) was either flooded or drought, and was known as "Zeguo" and "Red Basin". The people of Sichuan have struggled against the floods for generations. In the ninth year of King Huiwen of Qin (316 BC), the state of Qin annexed the state of Shu. In order to build Shu into its important base, Qin decided to completely control the floods of the Minjiang River. At the same time, Li Bing, who is proficient in water control, was sent to replace the politician Zhang Ruo as Shu Shou. There is no explicit record of the time when Li Bing was Shu Shou, but it was about the period between the thirtieth year of King Zhao of Qin and the reign of King Xiao of Qin (277-250 BC).

After Li Bing arrived in Shu County, he saw with his own eyes the serious disaster situation in the local area: the Minjiang River, which originates in the Minshan Mountains in the north of the Chengdu Plain, has high mountains and deep valleys along both sides of the river, and the water flow is turbulent; To the vicinity of Guan County, into the Yima Pingchuan, the water is huge, often breaking the embankment, flooding; A large amount of sediment brought from the upstream is also easy to accumulate here, raising the riverbed and aggravating the flooding. Especially in the southwest of Guan County, there is a Yulei Mountain, which obstructs the eastward flow of the river, and often causes drought in the east and waterlogging in the west during the summer and autumn flood seasons every year. Soon after he took office, he began to carry out large-scale water control work.

Li Bing and his son Erlang conducted field investigations along the banks of the Minjiang River to understand the water conditions and topography, and formulated a planning plan for the control of the Minjiang River. Li Bing found that the selection of the head of the canal of the water diversion project dug by Kaiming was unreasonable, so he abolished the water diversion of Kaiming and moved the water diversion of Dujiangyan to the top of the alluvial fan in the Chengdu Plain at the Yulei Mountain in Guan County, so as to ensure a large amount of water diversion and form a smooth canal head network. The Dujiangyan built by Li Bing is very brief in the historical records. However, on the basis of these records, combined with the analysis of the structure of the current Dujiangyan project, it can be basically determined that the Dujiangyan built by Li Bing is composed of fish mouth, flying sand weir and treasure bottle mouth and channel network.

In the process of building the weir dividing the water, after the failure of using the stone throwing in the center of the river to build the weir, Li Bing opened up a new road, let the bamboo workers weave a large bamboo cage three zhang long and two feet wide, filled with pebbles, and then sank to the bottom of the river one by one, and finally defeated the rapid river water and built a water-dividing embankment. Tang Li Jifu's "Yuanhe County Chronicles" contains: "Qianweiyan (the name of Dujiangyan in the Tang Dynasty) is twenty-five miles southwest of the county, and Li Bing made it to prevent the river from dying. Break the bamboo for the cage, the diameter of the circle is three feet, the length is ten zhang, and the stone is solid. Tired and watery. "This method is based on local materials, and the construction and maintenance are simple and easy. Moreover, the accumulation of cage stones can not only avoid the fracture of the embankment, but also reduce the direct pressure of the flood by using the gaps between the pebbles, thereby reducing the risk of the collapse of the embankment.

The front end of the water-dividing embankment is like a fish's head at the beginning, so it is named "fish mouth". The fish mouth is a watershed weir built in the center of the Minjiang River upstream of the treasure bottle mouth, and it is named because the top of the weir is shaped like a fish mouth. "Huayang National Chronicles" records: Li Bing's "壅江作堋" "堋" refers to the mouth of the fish. It divides the Minjiang River into inner and outer rivers, and plays the role of navigation, irrigation and flood distribution. The west stock is called the Waijiang River, which is the positive flow of the Min River; The east share is called Neijiang, is the main trunk canal of the irrigation canal system, the head of the canal is the mouth of the treasure bottle, flows through the mouth of the treasure bottle and then divides into many large and small ditches and rivers, forming a criss-cross fan-shaped water network, irrigating the thousands of miles of farmland in the Chengdu Plain. The two sides of the diversion weir are built with large pebble berms, * the side of the inner river is called the inner diamond embankment, and the outer river side is called the outer diamond embankment, also called the "golden embankment". After the completion of the water distribution weir, there were few floods and droughts in the Chengdu Plain irrigated by the Neijiang River.

Later, in order to further control the amount of water flowing into the mouth of the treasure bottle, at the end of the Yuzui diversion embankment, a flat water tank for flood distribution and a "flying sand weir" spillway were built. The flying sand weir is also built with bamboo cages loaded with pebbles, and the top of the weir is at a suitable height. When the water level of the Neijiang River is too high, the flood water flows into the Waijiang River through the flat water tank and the Feishaweir to protect the Neijiang irrigation area from flooding. At the same time, due to the whirlpool effect of the water flowing into the outer river through the flying sand weir and flowing into the outer river, the sediment was effectively washed away before and after the mouth of the treasure bottle. There is a certain proportion of the water in the mouth of the fish. In the spring ploughing season, the water volume of the inner river accounts for about 60 percent, and the water volume of the outer river is about 40 percent. During the flood season, the Neijiang River exceeds the amount of water required for irrigation, and the Feisha weir overflows on its own.

The mouth of the treasure bottle is the mouth of the river to control the amount of water. In order to control the flow of the inland river, Li Bing and his son stood in the river as stone figures as a ruler to observe the water level. "Huayang National Chronicles: Shu Zhi" contains: Li Bing "is a man of three stones, stands in three waters, and wants to be with the god of the river." The water is not exhausted, and the burden is not without shoulders". This is the earliest recorded water rule, indicating that Li Bing has basically grasped the approximate range of the water level of the Minjiang River. "Historical Records and River Canal Book" records that "Shu Shou Ice Chisel Away from the Heap and Remove the Harm of Foaming Water", which refers to Li Bing's digging of the mouth of the treasure bottle. Because of "the cliff is steep and dangerous, it cannot be chiseled, and Li Bing is accumulating salary and burning it", he split Yulei Mountain and chiseled it into a treasure bottle. The mouth of the treasure bottle is not only a water inlet, but also forms an automatic water-saving water gate with its narrow channel, which plays a protective role in the inner river canal system. The end of the separated Yulei Mountain, shaped like a large stone pile, is called "off the pile" by later generations. In addition, the method of building a water dividing weir in the center of the river was also adopted, and the river water was made into two branches, forcing one of them to flow into the mouth of the treasure bottle. The rock channel of the treasure bottle mouth is very solid, and has not been washed away under the impact of the torrent of the Minjiang River for thousands of years, effectively controlling the flow of the Minjiang River. Qing Song Dynasty Shusen "Fulongguan Rise" a poem cloud: "I heard that Shu Shou chiseled away from the pile, the two cliffs split the potential Cui Wei, the Minjiang River is painted north and south so far, and the treasure bottle is poured like thunder." After Li Bing repaired the mouth of the treasure bottle, "two more canals were opened, from Yongkang to Chengdu through Xinfan, called Waijiang, and one canal from Yongkang to Chengdu through Pi, called Neijiang." These two main canals communicate with the scattered farmland irrigation canals on the Chengdu Plain, and initially form a channel network of the huge Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project.

Li Bing also made a stone rhinoceros and buried it in the Neijiang River as a standard for the depth of digging sediment during the annual repair. The principle of annual repair is "deep beach, low weir". "Deep Beach" means that the sediment accumulated at the bottom of the river should be deeper, so as not to make the water volume of the inland river too small and not enough for irrigation; "Low weir" means that the top of the flying sand weir should not be built too high, so as not to discharge the flood in the flood season and endanger the Chengdu Plain. Later generations engraved these six characters on the stone wall of the Erwang Temple built on the east bank of the Neijiang River to commemorate Li Bing's father and son, which is very eye-catching. The method of annual repair is as follows: in the frost season when the amount of water is the smallest every year, on the west side of the fish mouth, the water is intercepted in the outer river with a pistle (that is, Maza), so that all the river water flows into the inner river, and then the sediment accumulated in the irrigation channels of the outer river and the outer river is dug up. Around the beginning of spring in the second year, the annual repair of the outer river is completed, and the pestle is moved to the inner river, so that the river water flows into the outer river, and then the inner river trough is dug to carry out the annual repair project of the flat water tank and the flying sand weir. Before the Qingming Festival, Neijiang completed the repair, removed the pestle, and began to release water for irrigation. The pestle is a simple and effective temporary interception device, which is a tripod made of three large wooden stakes tied with bamboo cables, with a platform in the middle, and the platform is stabilized by bamboo cages loaded with pebbles. An appropriate number of pestles are lined up horizontally in the middle of the river, horizontal and vertical wood is added to the surface of the water, bamboo mats are enclosed, and clay is cultivated outside, so that the water flow can be blocked and will not leak.

The completion of Dujiangyan has not only solved the problem of flooding of the Minjiang River, but also the water coming down from the Neijiang River can also irrigate more than a dozen counties, with an irrigated area of more than 3 million mu. Since then, the Chengdu Plain has become a rich land of "fertile fields for thousands of miles" and has won the reputation of "the land of abundance".

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In addition to Dujiangyan, Li Bing also presided over the construction of other water conservancy projects in the Minjiang River basin. Such as "the statue of Li Bing's father and son."

Statue of Li Bing's father and son

Luotong Mountain, Luoshui or out of the waterfall, through Shifang, Pi, Biejiang"; "Piercing the Stone Rhino Creek in the south of the Yangtze River"; "Ice and Wenjing River, through Linqiong and Mengxi to divide the Baimu River"; "Divide the Yangmo River from the embankment" and so on. There is no special description of the above-mentioned water conservancy projects in the historical books, and the details are not examinable.

During Li Bing's tenure as Shu Shou, he also made contributions to other economic construction in Shu. Li Bing "perceived the water veins, and wore through the Yanjing Zhupi land in Guangdu (now Shuangliu, Chengdu), and the Shu land was full of health care." Prior to this, Sichuan salt mining was in a very primitive state, relying mostly on natural salty springs and salty stones. Li Bing created the method of sinking wells to extract brine and boil salt, which ended the primitive situation of Bashu salt production. This is also the earliest record of sinking wells to boil salt in Chinese historical records. Li Bing also built seven bridges in Chengdu: "Zhiximen Pijiang Zhongchongzhi Bridge; The southwest stone cow gate is called the city bridge, and the stone rhinoceros is also in the abyss; South of the city is said to be the river bridge; Nandu Liuyu is called Wanli Bridge; On the west is called Yili Bridge, and on (also) is called Di Bridge; The bridge goes out from the Chongzhi Bridge to the west, and it is called the Changsheng Bridge; There is Yongping Bridge on the west side of the Pijiang River. "These seven bridges are convenient facilities on the main trunk canal.

Folding meaning

All this Li Bing did, especially the Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project, on the statue of Li Bing of the Han Dynasty in Shu 2

Han Dynasty Li Bing Statue 2

Society has had a profound impact. After the completion of water conservancy projects such as Dujiangyan, earth-shaking changes have taken place in Shudi, and the floods of the Minjiang River, which have endangered the people for thousands of years, have been completely eradicated. Du Fuyun in the Tang Dynasty: "You don't see the Qin Dynasty Shu Taishou, carved stone to make five rhinoceros, although there is a tired of winning since ancient times, the natural river flows eastward, the Shu people boast for a thousand years, and the flood is not close to Zhang Yilou." Since then, Shu land "drought will lead water infiltration, rain will plug the water gate, so water and drought from people, do not know hunger, then there is no famine year, the world is called heaven". The development of water conservancy has made the agricultural production of Shu develop rapidly, and it has become a well-known land of fish and rice throughout the country. In the Western Han Dynasty, the flood in the south of the Yangtze River caused the Jiangnan by "the millet of the chin Shu", and the Tang Dynasty "the rice of Jiannan (now Chengdu) was the master of Beijing". The channel was opened, so that the Minshan Zibai bamboo "decadent with the flow of water, sit on the timber, save the use of Rao". Moreover, local specialties such as the famous Shu brocade are also transported to various places through these channels. It is precisely because of Li Bing's entrepreneurship that Chengdu has become not only the political, economic, and transportation center of Sichuan but also southwest China, and at the same time a city with extremely developed industry, commerce, and transportation in the country.

The Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project built by Li Bing is not only in the history of water conservancy in China, but also in the Jiangshen of Li Bing

Li Bingdou Jiang Shen

It also occupies a glorious page in the history of water conservancy in the world. It's world-famous for its long history, and it's amazingly well designed! In ancient times, many water conservancy projects were built in China, among which the famous ones were Shaobi, Zhangshui Canal, Zhengguo Canal, etc., but they were all abandoned one after another. Only the Dujiangyan founded by Li Bing has endured for a long time, and still plays a variety of functions such as flood control, irrigation and transportation.

Li Bing has made indelible contributions to the development of Shudi, and people will always miss him. For more than 2,000 years, the people of Sichuan have respected Li Bing as the "Lord of Sichuan". In 1974, in the Dujiangyan hub project, a stone statue of Li Bing was found, and the inscription on it reads: "The old Shu County Li Fu County Bing". This shows that as early as 1800 years ago, Li Bing's achievements had been praised by the people. Neighbors also highly appreciated Li Bing's exploits. In 1955, when Guo Moruo went to Guan County, he wrote an inscription: "Li Bing excavated the pile and dug salt wells, which not only benefited the Shu people, but was actually an outstanding engineering and technical expert in China 2,000 years ago."

Collapse and edit this paragraph: The Legend of Water Control

The legend of Li Bing's water control, after the Eastern Han Dynasty, has been added, and the Tang Dynasty has built Li Bing Temple in Daojiang County (now Dujiangyan City). The Northern Song Dynasty began to spread myths such as the so-called Li Erlang, the son of Li Bing, who assisted in water control. In folklore, the prototype of the mythical character Erlang God is the son of Li Bing, "Taiping Guangji" has a legend, Fan Chengda refers to the ice capture god locked in Fulongguan, Southern Song Dynasty Zhu Xi "Zhuzi Language" said: "Zitong and Guankou Erlang two gods, almost divided the two rivers." The book also said: "Shuzhong Guankou Erlang God, at that time it was Li Bing who built a temple because of his departure, and now there are many spirits and monsters, but it is his second son who came out." In 1974, a stone statue of Li Bing carved in the first year of Jianning (168) of the Eastern Han Dynasty was excavated in Minjiang (Waijiang), Dujiangyan City. Statue of Li Bing in the Han Dynasty

Statue of Li Bing in the Han Dynasty

He certainly didn't learn about water conservancy anywhere. However, after taking the mission as the school and drilling hard for several years, he summed up the three-character scripture of water control, "deep beach, low weir", and the eight-character mantra "when the bay is cut off, every time the heart is drawn", until the 20th century, it was still the benchmark of water conservancy engineering.

What kind of starting point there is, what kind of continuation there is. The Great Wall is half bold and half pompous, for generations, and this is generally the case. To this day, the Great Wall is often used as a pomp. Dujiangyan was clear from the beginning, and as a result, its history always showed an extraordinary style. When Li Bing was alive, he had already considered the continuation of his career, and ordered his son to be three stone men, and he was in the river to measure the water level. 400 years after Li Bing's death, perhaps the three stone figures were missing, and the Han Dynasty water officials rebuilt the "Three Divine Stone Figures" with a height of 3 meters to measure the water level. One of these "three gods and stone people" is the statue of Li Bing. This Han Dynasty water official must have inherited the great soul of Li Bing, and dared to put his respected ancestor in the river to measure the water. He understands Li Bing's intentions, and only there is the most suitable position for him. This design was successfully implemented without opposition, and it can only be said that Dujiangyan has shed a unique spiritual world for itself.