Section 455 Intercontinental agreements

At issue was that China must abandon any possibility of establishing a military base in the South Seas and publicly declare that it would never seek military involvement in the South Seas unless it had the consent of Britain. Pen | fun | pavilion www. biquge。 The Chinese government strongly disagrees with this, arguing that Nanyang is in China's interests, and that it is China's freedom to set up military bases if necessary.

The Chinese government's eagerness to intervene in the South Seas was felt by the British long ago. China is unlikely to relinquish this power, and it demands that Britain immediately return sovereignty over Hong Kong.

The discussion is very intense, and a small issue can often be discussed for a day, because both sides know that any concession they make is related to the livelihood of millions of people, and behind one of them is the world hegemon and the other is the most populous emerging power, both of which are huge volumes, so they must be even more cautious.

Careful temptation, step by step, further half a step back, such repeated consultations, confirmed the bottom line of both sides.

The British eventually agreed to give up Hong Kong, but it was impossible to make such concessions without achieving significant benefits, and they could not account for it to the people at home in the first place.

"The British made a request. China is not allowed to seek any European ports outside of Greece. No military bases shall be set up in the South Seas. Any Chinese activity in Europe that affects or is likely to affect the interests of the British Empire must obtain Britain's understanding in advance. ”

Britain reacted cautiously to China's expansion, not only against China, of course, but also against Russia's expansion in China, and they were also concerned about it at that time.

"The attitude of our government to this request is, refuse! This affects our diplomatic autonomy and means that our diplomacy in Europe will have to be approved by the United Kingdom, which is a violation of our diplomatic power. ”

Liu Yulin did not say it to the British, but conveyed to Yang Chao his attitude and that of the Chinese diplomatic department.

Yang Chao smiled: "What is unacceptable about this. In the commodity society, everything can be discussed, and the key is the price code. ”

Clearly, China's newly trained diplomats are more fundamentalist, too rigid about some things, too sensitive to some things, such as power.

"Why not? Britain has asked us to greet them when we are in Europe, so we have to say hello to us when we are in Asia, and it makes sense! And not only that, we have a wide range of interests with the UK, and we can extend our cooperation to the whole world, for example, to the Americas. America is not the Americas of the Americans, and I think the British agree with this, at least the oil in the Americas cannot all be Americans. ”

Liu Yulin immediately changed his diplomatic attitude, agreeing in principle that China's actions in Europe would be reported to Britain, but requiring that Britain's actions in Asia must also be notified to China, and also suggested that the international actions of both sides should be mutually understood to prevent similar conflicts from occurring here.

The British were cautious about the change in attitude towards the Chinese, and the top level urgently discussed China's proposals, and they quarreled for three days on their own, and then they proposed to reach an international agreement, but they thought that Asia was too big, and they thought that with the South Seas as the boundary, the Asian region to the east of the South Seas would inform China, but the area west of the South Seas, they thought it was within their sphere of interests, and China should inform them.

It is clear that it is impossible for the British to give up the interests of India.

As for the interests of other regions, such as the Americas, Britain is happy to cooperate with China in that region, coordinating the economic, diplomatic, and even possible military action between the two sides, and the major operations carried out by both sides in the Americas must be notified to the other side and obtain the understanding of the other side, so as to prevent infringement of each other's interests.

A consensus was reached, and the details of the negotiations continued, and finally China agreed that the UK's area of interest would be the whole of Europe, India, Australia, and the whole of Africa; China's area of interest only includes the Indochina Peninsula, the East Asian continent, Japan, and Korea, and the South China Sea is a convergence of interests between the two sides, and both sides must guarantee that they will not change the status quo in the South China Seas unless they obtain permission from the other side.

Soon the two sides signed an agreement in a low-key manner, and the name of the agreement was "Sino-British Intercontinental Conduct Agreement", and the reason for the low-key agreement is known from the reaction of various countries after the content of this agreement was exposed.

France, Italy, and other ambitious countries split and expressed their dissatisfaction with the agreement, demanding an explanation from China and Britain.

Soviet Russia immediately made all kinds of sarcasm, what imperialist conspiracy to divide the world, what imperialist spoils contract.

Even more dissatisfied than Soviet Russia was the United States, which strongly protested against the intervention of any powerful country in the affairs of the Americas, believing that this was a barbaric invasion of the Americas, and not only did they not recognize this agreement, but the United States Secretary of State Charles Evans Hughes strongly stated that no country, not to other countries, but most of all, should explain its attitude toward the Americas to the countries of the Americas, and they said that any country, at any time and in the conduct of American affairs, must obtain the understanding of the United States, otherwise the United States has the right to use any means. Prevent any country or force from violating the rights of the United States.

The American declaration, known as the "Hughes Declaration," is considered another political symbol of Americans' attempt to dominate the Americas after President Monroe.

The explanation of China and Britain to the outside world is that this agreement is only to coordinate the relationship between China and Britain, and is not aimed at any country or power, and is neither an international convention nor a military alliance, and that other countries have reacted too aggressively.

But it was clear to both China and Britain that this was a redistribution of power in the world, with China consolidating its hegemony in Asia and Britain maintaining its hegemony in India, Australia, and other colonies, while also keeping China out of Europe.

As for the United States, this is already a competitor that both China and Britain have begun to identify, and the terms of the two sides' actions in the Americas are, to put it bluntly, aimed at the United States.

As for France, they found that they had nothing to lose in the game between China and Britain, and the Chinese announced that they would not seek to build military facilities in Madagascar, and would never seek to build a military base here, which seemed to dispel China's ambitions for where, and it was also beneficial to France, and they were more assured that they would cooperate with China to build ports there, but it seemed as if the French Republic wanted British protection, which made the French very sad.

The voice of Soviet Russia, as always, can only be expressed domestically, and they have no international discourse.

So other countries can only quarrel, even the French are just not happy, there is no actual expression, the ability to make a move, that is, the United States, and they really acted. (To be continued.) )