"As for everyone discussing this sub-sealing system, they all have their own reasons. Then I will use the dialectic I think about to make judgments. And my dialectic, in which there are three principles. The first principle, that is, the principle of opposition and unity. When I was teaching students in Mingli Hall, I talked about a "Theory of Contradiction". In other words, the world is composed of contradictions, and if there is no light, then there is no darkness. It is the darkness that sets off the light, and the light in turn sets off the darkness. In the same way, if there is no evil, there is naturally no justice. Because evil sets off justice, and with justice it appears that evil is evil. ”

"So everything is full of contradictions, from the time of our ancient sages, we all believed that there is yin and yang in the world, there are opposites and unity. Although the ancients did not talk about dialectics, they have always judged the world by dialectical methods. And everything has a good side and a bad side. And how do we make decisions in this way, that is, depending on our specific contradictions? Let's first figure out, what is the main contradiction of each of us, and what is the secondary contradiction? Only by grasping the main contradiction can we make an effective choice. ”

"The ancients said back then that if Seon lost his horse, he would not know if he was blessed. Although he broke his leg, he was avoided from military service. If we put ourselves in the identity of Seon, we can quickly start thinking. My son broke his leg, is that a good thing or a bad thing? If you judge purely from your own subjectivity, it is naturally very tragic to break your leg. However, if the guest officer, judging from the whole situation at that time, broke his leg, but avoided almost certain death in military service, then this is actually a blessing. I am not saying that it is a kind of self-comfort, but I want to look at the overall objective direction and consider the pros and cons comprehensively. And if there were no short legs at that time, it was inevitable to go to the battlefield, and after going to the battlefield, it was almost certain to die. Breaking your leg like this is better than losing your life. ”

The ancients also told us that the lesser of two harms is a contradiction. However, what we need to do is to judge the main contradiction and the secondary contradiction and grasp the main contradiction and the secondary contradiction. ”

Shi Bufan explained to these ministers about the theory of contradiction, and this contradictory judgment is the most important means of making a choice. Of course, this contradiction is not a constant layer, but still has its internal reasons. As long as the main contradiction and the secondary contradiction are clearly recognized, then we can effectively judge how to make decisions.

"At that time, the Zhou Dynasty implemented the feudal system, because the transportation capacity, communication capacity and production capacity of that year were not enough to support the huge central court. Therefore, it had to expand rapidly in the form of a feudal system to maintain stability and reduce the operating costs of the central court. ”

"In the Qin Dynasty, the production capacity and various operational capabilities could initially realize a strong central court and maintain the operation of the imperial court, which laid the foundation for centralized power."

But later, Liu Bang of the Han Dynasty made the royal family the king by dividing it, and had enough fiefdoms, so that when necessary, he could lead the army to protect Liu Han's world. Later, the rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms caused the people to suffer greatly. So if we look at it from different angles, then we have to figure out which one is the main contradiction and which one is the secondary contradiction. Is it for the stability of the world and the people is the main contradiction, or is it for the prevention of powerful ministers and relatives? So we just need to figure out which of these two is the main contradiction, and then we can figure out what we should choose. Shi Bufan said.

Li Shimin immediately said with a dark face: "Shi Bufan, you ......"

At that time, after Bufan finished saying this, many ministers immediately said in unison: "Please ask the emperor to put all the people first, and don't implement this kind of separation!" ”

"Your Majesty, Mencius said: 'The people are noble, and the monarch of the society is secondary.'" Please put the people first, although I Kong Yingda is not talented, but I also have a heart that yearns for the sages, please put the people first, and don't continue to implement the feudal system. Kong Yingda also said.

"Your Majesty, how much trouble the Eight Kings Rebellion has brought to the people. The people are the foundation of the world, and if the people suffer, the world will not be at peace! "Your Majesty, governing the world is not in danger in Germany. Hundreds of thousands of troops of the tyrannical Qin back then, but weren't they defeated by the people in the end? "Yes! The emperor, governing the world, in morality, not in the separation. As long as I am a Tang Dynasty and the emperor is wise, then naturally no one will be so stupid to go against the sky to make trouble. "Your Majesty, please ask the Emperor to give up this unrealistic idea......"

Li Shimin looked at Shi Bufan, obviously Shi Bufan's meaning was very obvious, that is, he deliberately supported the opposition to the feudal system, the maintenance of imperial power, and the protection of his personal interests as the emperor. Because Li Shimin's feudal system seems to be safeguarding national security on the surface, the "national security" in Li Shimin's eyes and the national security in the eyes of ordinary people are not the same thing. The national security in the eyes of Li Shimin, the feudal emperor, is not to be usurped by foreign relatives, not to be confused by internal warlords, and not to be usurped by powerful ministers. In the eyes of Li Shimin, the emperor, national security was established under the rule of the Li family. If the Li family is not a ruler or a royal family, then there will be no national security.

Li Shimin, the emperor, adopted the thinking of the imperial family to consider the problem, so the national security in his eyes is equal to the power security of his own throne and his descendants. However, the national security in the eyes of ordinary ministers and ordinary people is not the continuation of the imperial power of the emperor, on the contrary, it should be avoided as much as possible to avoid war and turmoil, so that the common people and even the poor, merchants, and even the nobles can live a relatively stable and safe life. They don't care what the emperor's surname is, whether it is surnamed Yang or Li or even other surnames, the national security in their eyes is a stable life, stable production, and the country is not turbulent.

Therefore, it is precisely because of the different interests of the two sides that the considerations of the two sides are different. As for whether the country is in turmoil, as long as the rule of the Li family can be maintained, he does not mind letting the country be turbulent, he does not mind letting the people die a large area, and he does not mind making the people miserable. Because in the eyes of any feudal emperor, maintaining the rule of his own family and the rule of his descendants is the real mainstream, and it is the first thing to think about. As for Li Shimin's benevolence and righteousness to the people, Shi Bufan does not think that it is really benevolence and righteousness, because Li Shimin's benevolence and righteousness are established under the condition of maintaining the rule of the family, if one day the Li family is no longer the ruler, or someone threatens the rule of the Li family, he does not mind killing a person's head.

When Li Shimin fought the country, he once besieged Luoyang City and killed many innocent people. This is actually enough to show that Li Shimin is not simply loving the people for the sake of loving the people, in the final analysis, between loving the people and the imperial power of the family, one of his thoughts is thinking about his own family imperial power, not loving the people. When there is a conflict between Aimin and the royal power of the family, he will not hesitate to tear off the coat of Aimin and use all possible means to maintain the power of the family.

This is the essence of a feudal emperor, and the essence of any feudal emperor is the same, including Li Shimin, who is known as the first emperor of the ages. Shi Bufan did not want to blacken Li Shimin alone, because he blackened all the feudal emperors, not only Li Shimin.

"Dialectics, contradiction, it's really powerful enough!" Li Shimin gritted his teeth and thought.

The contradiction theory in the dialectic of Shi Bufan is the most basic difference between a major contradiction and a secondary contradiction. For the courtiers and the people, the seizure of power and the usurpation of the throne by the relatives of the powerful ministers and the common people are a "secondary contradiction" for the courtiers and ordinary people, and even a secondary contradiction after many contradictions. In the eyes of the courtiers and the people, they didn't care who the emperor was, let alone what the emperor's surname was. They care about their own lives, so whoever wants to make the country unstable and make it impossible for them to survive is the main contradiction.

But as an emperor, the "main contradiction" in the emperor's eyes is to maintain power, and the power to protect his family is the "main contradiction". Therefore, the difference between the main contradiction and the secondary contradiction of the twin hair is exactly upside down. The secondary contradiction in Li Shimin's eyes is the main contradiction between the people and the courtiers. However, the main contradiction in the eyes of Li Shimin, the feudal emperor, is a secondary contradiction in the eyes of courtiers and ordinary people, and even a contradiction that ranks very low.

What kind of dictatorship of foreign relatives, the dictatorship of eunuchs, and even the usurpation of power ministers are secondary contradictions for ordinary people. There are many people in later generations who think that the dictatorship of eunuchs is not good for the people, but in fact, it is being fooled. Because eunuchs, relatives, and ordinary ministers are actually all the same way, and they are all people who exploit the people. Therefore, there is no essential difference between eunuchs and relatives and ministers, and some fools just think that the dictatorship of eunuchs and relatives is worse than that of ordinary courtiers and the emperor himself. For the common people, who will be in charge of the emperor, relatives, eunuchs, ministers, etc., is a very minor contradiction, and it is not even a contradiction at all for the people of this era.

On the contrary, if the emperor does not hesitate to use the method of involving the people in the war in order to prevent these people from seizing power, and would rather sacrifice the lives of hundreds of people in exchange for the so-called security, then this is the emperor's mistake. So they have to stop it, that's for sure.

The contradiction between the primary and secondary of the dialectic of Shi Bufan made the court from the top to the scholars, down to the ordinary people, and even every scholarly official, all of them unanimously supported this opposition to the feudal system. Because the power of the monarch and the power of the courtiers have always been in love with each other, the conflict between them is very obvious.

The interests of the courtiers and the interests of the imperial power are naturally an existence that cannot be completely reconciled. The interests of the two hairs are different, and the emperor's thinking is to maintain the power of his family, and he will not hesitate to wash the world with blood. The interests of ordinary people and courtiers are based on maintaining stability. Those aristocratic clans wanted peace, hoped to avoid war through peace, and avoided reshuffling to protect their vested interests. The people need a peaceful environment for farming and production, and the businessmen need a peaceful environment to do business, so everyone wants peace. Li Shimin, the emperor, did not hesitate to drag the world into the war in order to maintain his imperial ruling power, so that everyone would understand the main contradiction.

"Li Shimin, now it's a contradiction between monarchs and ministers. Although there were their own contradictions between the scholars, the Hanmen and the common people, under certain conditions, these contradictions could be changed. In the face of imperial power, in the face of the extreme oppression of imperial power, these contradictions will also become secondary contradictions. If you want to maintain the rule of the family and draw us into the flames of war, then we can put aside the conflict for a while, and then solve the main contradiction between you, the king, and the courtier. In the final analysis, although we have contradictions among our various classes, we still have to unite and fight against each other in the face of the totalitarian power of the imperial power. Shi Bufan thought.

The extraordinary theory of opposition and unity made these courtiers realize that in the face of the king's tyranny. In front of the system, as a courtier, only uniting together to fight back is the main thing. In the past, they did not clearly judge the contradiction between primary and secondary, so they were confused. However, the opposition and unification of the current extraordinary help them judge that the contradiction between the monarch and the minister is the main contradiction, and the courtiers, whether they are scholars or Hanmen, are all "secondary contradictions", so first solve the confrontation against the imperial power, first put aside the secondary contradictions, and solve the main contradiction of the imperial power, which is common to everyone, before saying anything else.

"Shi Bufan, you are ruthless enough!" Li Shimin scolded in his heart.

In order to maintain the royal rule, Li Shimin will not care about how many people die, Li Shimin is not a saint, at most he is a feudal emperor with more clever means. It is impossible for him to be noble enough to sacrifice his Li family for the sake of the people and sacrifice his Li family's throne. If in front of the well-being of the people and the rule of the Li family, Li Shimin would not hesitate to choose the throne of the Li family, and would rather wash the world in blood than ensure the ruling power of the Li family. This is the idea of any feudal emperor, and Li Shimin is definitely no exception. If he was the kind of person who could give up the power of the Li family for the sake of the people, then when he fought the world, he would not have killed people.

"Hmph, don't think that in later film and television dramas, Li Shimin is a complete saint. Do you really think that Li Shimin is a saint, a saint who loves the people? As long as you recognize the essence of the feudal emperor in the world, then you will know why Li Shimin loves the people and why he works hard. (To be continued.) )