Chapter 185: Tagore and New Literature
Lin Zixuan could see that Liang Qichao and Hu Shi attached great importance to Tagore's visit.
This is an era of "worshipping the foreign and flattering the foreign", of course, the meaning of this word is not quite the same as that of later generations.
When foreign powers bombarded the Qing government's closed door with foreign guns and cannons, China had to face this strange world, and some people of insight began to seek a way to save the country.
China's close neighbor, Japan, became powerful because it learned the advanced technology of the West through the Meiji Restoration and started a wave of industrialization.
As a result, some people put forward the strategy of "mastering the skills of the master to control the country".
Under this kind of thinking, generations of Chinese have gone to Europe and the United States to study abroad, learn technology, learn culture, and hope to transform society and revitalize the country.
The Chinese of this era have great respect for Western technology and culture.
The beginning of the new culture was Mr. De and Mr. Sai, Mr. De refers to Western democratic thought and democratic politics, and Mr. Sai refers to mathematics and science.
Holding high the two banners of democracy and science, the young people launched a fierce attack on feudal etiquette and the idea of feudal autocracy.
Some scholars have even put forward the idea of China's total westernization.
Therefore, this is an era of "admiring the foreign and flattering the foreign", and many people think that the culture and science and technology of the West are good, and as long as China governs the country according to the Western system, it will definitely be able to become strong and prosperous.
From the perspective of later generations, this perception has a certain amount of truth, otherwise future generations will not be open to the outside world, but it is too biased.
Against this backdrop, Rabindranath Tagore was the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
His poetry was accepted by mainstream society in the West, he was sought after in Europe and the United States and other countries, and while Chinese scholars were still learning Western culture, some people had already achieved great success in the West.
This has left Chinese scholars both envious and curious, wondering how the poet did it.
It is also possible to understand why Lin Zixuan's novels are popular in the United States. will make his fame in China catch up with Lu Xun and Hu Shi, this is a special era.
China and India are both ancient civilizations and have always had cultural exchanges.
In the same situation in India, now a British colony and under the same oppression as China by the Western powers, Chinese scholars hope to get something out of Tagore.
I want to know how the great poet views Chinese and Western cultures. How to see the world.
Of course, not all Chinese scholars are interested in Tagore, and some are even extremely repulsive.
Because Tagore paid attention to the traditional culture of the East, especially the traditional culture of China, although he was welcomed in the West, he often criticized the culture of the West.
It is undeniable that he was influenced by Western thought, but his poetry has a distinct national character, derived from the traditional culture and traditional philosophical concepts of India.
That is, the unity of Brahmanism and self.
India is a religious country. Belief in gods influenced Tagore's poetry.
Tagore called the "infinite" with the god or "Brahman" on the one hand, and the natural or phenomenal world and the individual soul on the one hand, and the "finite" on the other.
The relationship between the infinite and the finite is the central issue of his philosophical exploration, and it is also a question that he often touches on in his poetry.
Tagore differs from traditional Indian philosophy in that he focuses on "man" and argues that man needs God. God also needs people, and even thinks that God can only be seen in people.
His admiration for traditional culture. And this "theological" view was shared by Liang Qichao and Hu Shi.
Hu Shi is advocating "sorting out the national history", which is precisely to pull the new literature in the direction of traditional culture.
However, Chen Duxiu, Guo Moruo and others criticized "sorting out the national history", and they did not have a good impression of Tagore, and even Lu Xun was watching coldly, sarcastically from time to time.
The contradictions within the new literature have reached a fever pitch, and the split is just around the corner.
The reason why Hu Shi, Xu Zhimo and others attached great importance to Tagore's visit. In addition to being a cultural exchange event between China and India, he also wanted to use Tagore to build momentum for his literary claims.
Even the great poet Rabindranath Tagore, who is sought after by Western society, is interested in traditional Chinese culture, shouldn't scholars in our own country reflect on it?
Lin Zixuan had no intention of interfering in the struggle between the two factions of the new literature.
From the perspective of later generations, objectively speaking, the two are only differences in the choice of path. He has contributed to the new literature.
Xu Zhimo obviously won't let Lin Zixuan be left alone, if Tagore comes to China, the first stop will definitely be Shanghai, and Lin Zixuan will be in charge of the reception at that time.
Although Lin Zixuan's fame is not as good as that of Tagore, he can be regarded as a leading figure in the Chinese poetry circle, and his identity is more appropriate.
Lin Zixuan promised that this was a cultural exchange between the two countries, at least in terms of etiquette, respect each other.
This dinner took a long time, the conversation was more popular, the drink was a little too much, everyone was a little drunk, naturally it was impossible to see the night tide again, in case it fell into the Qiantang River, it would be troublesome.
Therefore, Hu Shi and Cao Chengying left together, and the others either went home or found friends.
Xu Zhimo is a local, his father is an industrialist, the Xu family has been in business for generations, inherited the ancestral business in the early years, sole proprietorship of Xu Yufeng Sauce Garden, in 1897 co-founded the first money village in Kip Shi - Yutong Money Village.
Later, he opened Renhe and Silk Cloth No., and also founded the earliest thermal power plant in Zhejiang Province, opened Jieli Telephone Co., Ltd., operated the city telephone, and became the richest man in Kipshi.
According to later generations, Xu Zhimo is definitely a rich second generation, which also develops the character of his son-in-law.
The Xu family had a business in Hangzhou, so he arranged for Lin Zixuan and Wang Jing from Shanghai to stay.
He was bored at home, and this time he finally found an opportunity to come out, and he didn't plan to go home for the time being, and he would go to Shanghai with Lin Zixuan in two days, and ask Lin Zixuan to introduce him to friends in the Shanghai literary circle.
This kind of celebrity who likes to travel can't be changed in his life.
Wang Jingwei stayed one for fun, and the other for a good relationship with Lin Zixuan.
Speaking of which, he is also a literati, he is engaged in propaganda, founded newspapers and magazines, served as the editor-in-chief, and has a very good pen.
In 1915, the first volume of "The Sea of Novels" published an article signed by Wang Jingwei Ji Xin, entitled "A New Commentary on the Dream of the Red Chamber", and since then the interpretation of "The Dream of the Red Chamber" in Red Studies has a "family influence theory".
He and Lin Zixuan not only talked about new poems and old poems, but also talked about "Dream of Red Mansions".
If it weren't for Lin Zixuan's prejudice against him in his heart, maybe he would regard him as a friend, Lin Zixuan politely declined Wang Jing's invitation to talk at night on the grounds that he was not strong enough to drink.
This made Wang Jingwei quite regretful, and he especially appreciated Lin Zixuan's poem in the afternoon.
On the second day, Xu Zhimo took Lin Zixuan to Yuqiao to see the maple leaves, which is a scenic spot in Kipshi.
Out of politeness, Lin Zixuan went to Xu's house to visit Xu Zhimo's father, and then, Xu Zhimo explained to his family, returned to Hangzhou, joined Hu Shi, and everyone went to Shanghai together. (To be continued.) )