Many modern scholars believe that the original Ming Dynasty, as an empire ruled by the Han Chinese, had the closest possible progress to capitalism. However, the www.biquge.info ignores that the entire Ming Empire has not been a dynasty advocating innovation at all since Zhu Yuanzhang, the Yellow Emperor of Hongwu, sat on the throne.

Because this dynasty has won the hearts of the people, "no ministers, no tribute, no land, no compensation, no harmony, the Son of Heaven guards the country, and the king dies in the community", so it seems to be shining with a kind of Han national divinity from the inside out. But in reality, is this dynasty really so beautiful that it can even be mourned, thinking that it is "too regrettable to be destroyed by foreigners"?

In fact, it was wrong, from beginning to end, this dynasty was "dying" on its own, so that it perished in internal and external troubles, but the proportion of internal troubles was far greater than that of external troubles. So even if you don't want to admit it, it is the ancestor of the Han nation who destroyed himself and then gave the country to others, which is not so much a pity as the word deserved.

Expecting to change such a large group of "playable" bastards to expand their territory and secure the people is simply wishful thinking. Therefore, when the Emperor of the Apocalypse, as a traverser, began his road to Zhongxing, he was not faced with a powerful foreign enemy, but a large group of shameless friends who were against him.

After the Emperor of the Apocalypse finally eliminated the corrupt Confucians and "traitors" who held him back, he found that this nation rejected any kind of change by any means and for any reason from the inside out. The first private schools were born but there was no education system, and civilization flourished without the slightest scientific inheritance...... All of this depends on him to change and promote it alone, and the resistance encountered in this process comes from the entire nation, from the grassroots to the high-level!

The Emperor of the Apocalypse found that if he forced various policies, it would eventually lead directly to an endless civil war. When he calms down these internal unstable factors, he will not have the time and energy to engage in the great cause of "Huanghan" that he yearns for. After weighing the pros and cons, the emperor chose to compromise with the existing class, making only partial changes to stabilize the interior more quickly, and then quickly began to expand outward.

In doing so, he had the advantage of directly gaining the support of some ambitious and capable people within him. Then, relying on the relatively advanced firearms and a large enough population at that time, the entire empire was led into a virtuous circle of external expansion and sharing the dividends of war.

However, there is also a disadvantage to his choice, that is, to create a truly new special class that is outside the system of the Ming Empire: the bourgeoisie. As a result, the struggle between the bureaucracy, the imperial power, and the bourgeoisie has never ceased since the death of the Emperor of the Apocalypse. This directly led to the division of the Ming Dynasty from within, and also connived at the counterattack of other countries from the outside.

Don't underestimate the power of internal friction, especially a giant empire as huge as the Ming Dynasty. Don't underestimate the inferior nature of the Han scholars, doctors, and rotten Confucians, not to mention that the water is too cold and the scalp is itchy, just judging from the performance of the group of cheats in the Donglin Party at the end of the Ming Dynasty, this group of bastards has never stood on the position of the country to really analyze the problem...... I don't have the slightest ability to solve problems.

Therefore, what the Emperor of the Apocalypse left to future generations is a question that is not simpler than opening up the territory, and this problem is: how to completely renovate and transform the degenerate and decadent Han nation and the backward and distorted feudal system. It is a pity that the successors of the Emperor of the Apocalypse are not through the people, they lack the courage of the Emperor of the Apocalypse, and they also lack his vision and skill.

There are too many things to change, because the Ming Dynasty established by Zhu Yuanzhang and Zhu Di is not a beautiful country, and this country has not made any essential progress compared with the previous advanced or backward dynasties, and after the disaster of the Mengyuan Dynasty, it still has a little ignorance and backwardness - this is not the best era of Han culture, but just the afterglow of the Han feudal dynasty.

Today, the Ming Dynasty may be regarded as an even more overkill dynasty than the Song Dynasty, which was shaped by the Hongwu Yellow Emperor and the Yongle Emperor, and carried a deep imprint of the limitations of the times. It can be said that the Ming Dynasty was definitely not an empire that would eventually move towards capitalism, but a tragedy of the Han nation that was almost played bad by the emperor and his ministers.

First of all, it is certain that when Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Empire, his original idea was to eliminate and devour the "merchant class". The newly established Ming Empire workers have craftsman registration, farmers have household registration, and even the girls in the teaching workshop department have music registration, but unfortunately only the merchants do not have ...... In this way, in the eyes of the official, businessmen will not be able to get on the stage at all.

Isn't that interesting? At a time when other countries began to try their best to seek development from merchants or commercial industries, the Ming Dynasty did not even recognize that merchants had any social status -- this was a concrete manifestation of Zhu Yuanzhang's strange ideas, which were more fearless than ignorance.

Another unbelievable rule is that the Ming Dynasty stipulated that the scholar class did not have to pay taxes - that is, as long as there was a half-official position in the imperial court, or after passing the imperial examination and becoming a substitute civil servant, this person and any income in his name were free from the state tax control.

Now this decree sounds so ridiculous, but it continued in the Ming Dynasty back then, and it was retained until the fall of the entire dynasty without being shaken by a star. Thus the strange phenomenon arose, and the peasants preferred to give their land to the gentry and pay a relatively low tenant rent, rather than keep their land and pay more expensive state taxes.

Isn't it weird? A large and populous super-empire, where the richest merchants and landlords of the country had no taxes, or only low taxes, and the country's main revenue was borne by the modest yeoman farmers.

The tricks on taxes are dead, including amazing feats such as ladies, and not mentioned. The Ming regime also developed a fiscal innovation that only modern time-travelers can do: each province collects taxes and spends its own expenses, and the balance is verified and sent to the national treasury. This method directly gave birth to the empty seal case, and also directly led to the dilemma that the central finance of the Ming Empire has not been rich. This also shows from another aspect that the policies implemented in modern times are transferred to ancient times, and they will not necessarily be able to save the working people who are in dire straits and put our country on the road of prosperity and strength ahead of schedule...... (To be continued.) )