There was a loud bang, accompanied by the light of fire in the sky, and an incendiary bomb exploded in midair. Pen %Fun %Pavilion www.biquge.info This impact is not the most powerful, the real killing is the scattered sputtering oil, which is very difficult to extinguish. I saw that within the scope of the explosion, the people, horses, and armor were burning, and it was very violent.

This is the oil of fire, and when it is mixed with gunpowder, it is so powerful. A group of people were stunned as they watched the scene burning violently in the distance, like hell.

It's a weapon of water warfare. One of the onlookers exclaimed, "Land warfare is also very useful, and I am afraid it is even more powerful than thunder." "With this sharp weapon, my Datang will definitely be able to sweep through Tibet." ’

'What is this incendiary bomb used for?' So powerful? Someone was curious and asked, 'Didn't you hear the commentary just now?' Kerosene is used. ’

Nonsense, I had to stare at the person who replied, I don't know if it's kerosene? The question is, what's the matter with kerosene. Li Chen coughed lightly and began to explain.

'Do you know what kerosene is?' Actually, it's a coking by-product. The so-called kerosene is actually a by-product obtained after coking.

Under Li Chen's reform, the current application of coking coal has replaced the traditional charcoal and coal, which not only has greater firepower, but also has better quality pig iron.

In the process of making coking coal, some waste will be generated. Let's say gas, kerosene. In the early days of coking coal in Europe, these things were simply discarded. Gas, burn it directly, kerosene, and dispose of it as waste.

said that it was disposed of, but in fact, it was directly discarded, and in that era, you didn't expect to be able to deal with it wisely. It is to find wasteland casually and abandon it, which is very polluting to the environment.

This kerosene can not only burn, but also contains a lot of treasures. You've all been in class and know how terrible the environment is. Today is off-campus teaching, Li Chen is explaining to a group of primary school students. Of course, it is said that the primary school students here are somewhat uneven in age, so it seems that some people are more mature in speaking.

Don't blame Li Chen for not doing his job properly, being a good emperor, and serving as a teacher. In fact, he has high expectations for this group of students. The so-called 10 years of trees, 100 years of people, education is a long-term plan, so he can't ignore it.

Of course, no matter how much attention is paid to it, it is impossible for him to be a good emperor and run to teach students, but these students, many of them are the children of nobles, and they are all students of the Huang Family Primary School. Judging from his age, he may become his son in the future, a good courtier of the next emperor, and he can be regarded as exerting influence in advance.

And chose to come here to teach outside the school because after receiving Xiaohu and them, he decided to go to Shanzhou to see if he could defeat the Tubo soldiers and save the people in the Hehuang area, Li Chen couldn't calm down. He would come here to see some new weapons, thinking that it could give him some comfort.

This Divine Commander carries too much of his hopes. He couldn't even object to Xiaohu their reason, an army, the country got the army, to protect the people. Although the Hehuang area has not yet recovered the lost land, the people living on it are all the people of the Tang Dynasty who fell to the enemy back then.

What did he tell them? It's too far, too stupid? The enemy situation is unknown, which is equivalent to a sheep in the mouth of the tiger? He didn't think about how to stop them at all, he could only say that this incident happened too coincidentally.

He couldn't stop them, he was worried about the same thing as Li Chengyi, the first time he encountered such a big event, he found all kinds of reasons to prevaricate, how to stick to his beliefs in the future?

Whether it is a person or an army, there will always be times when they encounter difficulties, and they will shirk it like this for the first time, so what about after that? Anyway, if there is one, there are two, and if there are two, there are many. It's like a dam, once it bursts, it's easy to collapse from here.

Therefore, he can't stop it, he can only hope that some of the fire will be more or less preserved. Don't let him start all over again. Actually, there is no point in talking about this now, he received the chapter, and it was all a few days ago. Even if he wanted to stop it now, it would be very difficult.

Therefore, he can only take a look at this new weapon equipped for the Shence Army, before the real incendiary bomb is developed, this weapon detonated by kerosene and black powder should be very strong and large-scale killing force. Not only is water warfare useful, but land warfare is also very good.

Although it is not as terrifying as white phosphorus or thermite, it is very convenient to throw it on the city wall, in the enemy formation, or on the enemy ships, and probably will not lose the legendary Greek fire.

He came to see the weapons, and by the way, he brought a group of elementary school students who came to teach outside the school today. And now, he's jumped at the chance, and he's giving these students a course on environmental protection.

Kerosene is very polluting, and if it is disposed of at will, it can basically leave a piece of land without grass. In the past, Britain was admired by some people because of the industrial revolution, which produced polluted air and polluted soil. It's not a joke, no one thinks that kind of thing smells good now, and they are forced to "enjoy".

But because of the industrial revolution, the British people's national strength has increased greatly, and that kind of pollution is regarded as a symbol of progress, and many countries and many people want their own countries to become like that. And the British, in the 21st century, gradually deindustrialized, spent untold amounts of money to remove some heavy industrial cities, such as Birmingham, which were heavily polluted.

Of course, Li Chen would not let this kind of thing happen, although he knew that it was unlikely, but he still wanted to do his best to delay or weaken this kind of thing.

At that time, Europeans had no concept of environmental pollution at all, and no one thought that living in this environment for a long time would cause serious consequences. In almost every industrialized country, there has been a large-scale occurrence of a malignant disease. It is not until this kind of thing happens frequently that everyone will be alert to the serious consequences of industrialization.

It's not fake, for example, it wasn't until the 1960s, when the book Silent Spring, revealed the dangers of DDT. It will accumulate in the human body. That book was so shocking that not many people had this awareness before that, and no one had studied it.

Therefore, as a modern person, you have to travel with environmental awareness, and you can't let this kind of damage to the environment happen. In order to save the environment, he advocated switching to coal stoves and reducing wood felling, and he also added environmental protection courses to the curriculum of the Royal Primary School and the Nursery School.

It is never too early to advocate it, once the environment is damaged, it will be difficult to remedy it. Moreover, it is time to advocate soil and water conservation now, and the Guanzhong region has changed from the original country of abundance and the foundation of the king's hegemony to the state of drought and little rain in later generations.

On the one hand, there is the weather factor, the Himalayas, which are high every year, block the water vapor. On the other hand, it is also because of the environment here, because of human activities for a long time, indiscriminate reclamation and deforestation, and the destruction of water and soil.

As early as hundreds of years ago, Mencius mentioned that Tongshan was washed out because of indiscriminate reclamation. Well, when it comes to the promotion of environmental awareness, the Chinese are also thousands of years ahead of the world. Therefore, it is definitely not too early for the Tang Dynasty to advocate environmental protection.

Not disposing of kerosene at will, on the one hand, is environmentally friendly, and does not want to damage the environment because of development. On the other hand, it is waste. Yes, it's waste.

In the coking process, there is actually no real waste. It's just that people at that time didn't think about it. For example, gas can be used as fuel, but in modern times, many coking companies either direct this gas as fuel, or use it for heating, and directly order it, which is very wasteful.

As for kerosene, there are many things that can be refined. Things like chemical fertilizers, dyes, explosives, medicines, and asphalt, and so on. Therefore, discarding at will not only causes serious pollution of the environment, but also throws away some treasures.

Li Chen had already asked the Royal Research Institute to get those Tang Dynasty scientists to start studying the refining of kerosene. But Li Chen doesn't have a very deep understanding of this aspect, so he can only give them some small tips.

He probably knew that through some physical methods, such as dry distillation, the temperature was slowly raised to separate various different substances to extract useful things.

Kerosene is basically the most important foundation in modern chemistry. A lot of things developed from here. Li Chen remembered that he had read a paragraph of Western history.

Since the middle of the 19th century, Germany has surpassed the aging Britain in many aspects. Let's say the textile industry. Because the Germans vigorously advocated the study of chemistry, a new dye was extracted from kerosene, which was not only bright, but also relatively unfading. Therefore, in textiles, the competitiveness is stronger than that of the British.

It's a pity, because Li Chen is not from the Department of Chemistry, and the golden finger can't be opened. The current progress is to refine the fertilizer. Ammonia, fertilizer raw materials.

However, it is still a little difficult to promote, Li Chen doesn't know how to use him as fertilizer and use it directly? Maybe. Or to refine, after all, this thing is only a very preliminary product. Everything needs to be experimented. At present, Li Chen can only use kerosene as an incendiary bomb, and with black powder, it will explode in mid-air, which can definitely be enjoyed by the Tubo people.

Well? You say kerosene can also be used as fuel? Kerosene lamps? No, this kerosene burns very badly because there are a lot of chemicals in it. Basically, they will use this as an incendiary bomb, which is to take a fancy to him. It stinks. If it were to be thrown on the city walls, the fire and the stench would clear a large section of no-man's land.

Oh, by the way, the product of coal coking, to be precise, should be called coal tar. Later, it was said that kerosene was actually a fuel refined from oil, but it was first called kerosene from coal. Later, when oil was found to be able to refine better quality kerosene, it was changed to petroleum. And this kerosene, which is refined from oil, saved the whales.

However, that is what Li Chen called before he crossed, and now this kind of oil extracted from coal is not called coal tar, but kerosene.

In short, no matter what it is called, Li Chen is looking forward to refining kerosene, which can open a new chapter in the chemistry of the Tang Dynasty. But for now, I can only regret to burn it. You can't just leave him alone.

The demonstration of coal tar is only a part, and today I mainly look at how these Datang chemists extract kerosene.

It's a pity that Li Chen doesn't have many methods, one is distillation, and the other is to mix it with other substances to see what reaction will happen. Datang still has a long way to go to truly realize, kerosene chemistry.

However, the main attraction to these students is that the Royal Research Institute has a very good and open environment, and it would be nice if they could do this in class.

Well, don't get me wrong, it's not the kind of messing around that is open, it's an openness to the work environment. In modern society, a unit or company that advocates creativity has a unified understanding, that is, a closed environment is not conducive to the creation and concurrency of inspiration.

But it's not okay to be completely open-ended. Someone once tried that there was no office at all, and where the employees worked today depends on their cooperation and assignment. But this proved to be a complete failure. This just allows chaos to replace order and does not help to create.

So, a semi-open environment is good for inspiration. Li Chen shot some small devices here, for example, the leisure center of the later generations. So that these researchers can communicate freely, and there is also a small bulletin board.

This is not to announce anything, but to let these researchers write on it the inspiration they have occasionally obtained. This is not limited to its own field. He wrote down his own inspirations, the difficulties he encountered, or any realizations he had.

The stones of other mountains can be used to attack jade, and perhaps they can be inspired by chance to help others solve their difficulties. Or someone who is different from the night and specializes can help solve his difficulties.

Why is it that the closer human beings are to modern times, the more patents and inventions are increasing? Because the equipment of a certain industry may be helpful to other industries. For example, if there had been an exchange of things at that time, he would not have spent more than ten years solving the problem of converting the power of a steam engine vertically and the problem of solving the problem of horizontal power. The Chinese do not know how to build steam engines, but they solved this problem hundreds of years ago.

After visiting the Royal Academy, seeing how they tempered the substance, and after visiting the environment, Li Chen had something to do in the afternoon. The Rite Department Shoshu came with the Rite Ministry Attendant.

'Oh, it's okay, it's pretty much as I wanted. The few books Li Chen read were newly compiled textbooks, which were scheduled to be compiled for the future primary school. For example, the new arithmetic completely simplifies traditional Chinese mathematics. Use simple symbols instead of Chinese characters such as addition and subtraction. This preceded the Western countries for more than 600 years.

These are all trivial things, if it is just a book, it is not enough for the Ministry of Rites to come with the Ministry of Rites and the waiter of the Ministry of Rites. Today's highlight is the newly compiled Four Books and Five Classics.

To put it simply, Li Chen asked the Ministry of Rites to rewrite the traditional Four Books and Five Classics according to his meaning. In the future, these books will become the official version of the standard. The exams are based on these books.

He wants to reform Confucianism... )