Wang Mumu remembered that the people of Hangzhou in his previous life had rave reviews for Su Shi. Generally speaking, Su fans praised Su Shi and said: Su Shi was sentenced to Hangzhou in the fourth year of Xining (1071 AD), and he knew Hangzhou in the fourth year of Yuanyou (1089 AD), and went to Hangzhou twice. If you talk about his greatest achievement as an official, it should be the rectification of West Lake. Su Shi was born in Hangzhou, and his exploits are in the middle school textbooks of Zhejiang Province in the 21st century, which is called: "Su Shi Governs the West Lake", the full text is as follows:

"Even in Hangzhou, there was a great drought and a famine and plague. Please Yu Chao, exempt one of the three rice offerings on this road, and regain the monk's degree, and change the rice to save the hungry. In the spring of next year, the price of rice and square meters will be reduced, and more porridge and medicine will be used, and the doctors will be sent to treat the disease, and there will be many survivors. Shi said: "Hangzhou, the meeting of water and land, there are more epidemic deaths than elsewhere. "He was envious of two thousand, and fifty taels of gold in the relapse, to be used as a sick workshop, and to be treated with a little money and grain.

Hangben is near the sea, the spring is salty and bitter, and the residents are sparse. Tang Dynasty Thorn Shi Li Mi began to divert the water of the West Lake to make six wells, and the people were full of water. Bai Juyi and the water of the West Lake flows into the Cao River, from the river into the field, the irrigation reaches thousands of hectares, and the people are rich. The lake is full of water, since the Tang Dynasty and the Qian family, the years have been dredged, the Song Xing, the waste has been wasted, and the water is not much.

Cao River failed, take to the river tide, in the city of Zhouxing, the tide is silted again, three years a Tao, for the people in a big trouble, six wells are also almost wasted. Shi saw that the first river of Maoshan was specially affected by the river tide, the first river of Yanqiao was specially affected by the lake water, and the two rivers were dredged to pass the water. The weir gate was rebuilt, thinking that the lake water was limited to animal discharge, and the river tide did not re-enter the market. With the remaining strength to complete the six wells, and take the field in the lake, the north and south path of 30 miles, for the long causeway to pass.

The Wu people planted the ling, and the spring was removed, and the grass was not sent. And recruit people to plant in the Linghu Lake, and the leaves will not be resurrected. Collect the profits to prepare for the repair of the lake, save the surplus money, grain and stones, and invite a hundred monks to recruit soldiers. The embankment is formed, the hibiscus and the willow are planted on it, looking at it is like a picture, and the Hangzhou people are called Sugong embankment. ”

This ancient text is translated into vernacular, as follows: "After Su Shi arrived in Hangzhou, he encountered a great drought, famine and plague at the same time. Su Shi asked the imperial court to exempt one-third of the rice offered on the road, and to give the ordained monks a script in exchange for rice to relieve the hungry. In the spring of the following year, he sold the rice that was often closed at a reduced price, made a lot of porridge and medicines, and sent people to bring doctors to the streets and alleys to treat the sick, and saved many people. Su Shi said: "Hangzhou is an important place for land and water transportation, and more people die from epidemics than in other places. So he gathered two thousand taels of surplus money, and took out fifty taels of gold from his own pocket, and built a place for healing, and gradually stored up money and food to prevent epidemics.

Hangzhou used to be close to the sea, and the local spring water was salty and bitter, and the residents were scarce. In the Tang Dynasty, Li Mi first diverted water from the West Lake to build six wells, and the people had enough water. Bai Juyi also dredged the water from the West Lake into the canal, from which it flowed into the acres of fields, irrigating 1,000 hectares of fields, and the people were rich and prosperous. There are a lot of white roots in the lake, from the Tang Dynasty to the Qian family of Wuyue, every year is dredged and governed, after the establishment of the Song Dynasty, it stopped, the white roots of the water accumulate into fields, and there is not much left on the surface of the water.

The convenience of the canal was lost, and the water supply was supplied by the tide in the river, and the boats traveled in the city, and the tide was full of silt, which was dug once every three years, which became a catastrophe for the people, and the six wells were almost deserted. Su Shi saw that a river in Maoshan specially received the tide water in the river, and a river in Yanqiao specially received lake water, so he dredged the two rivers to open up navigation. A dam and dam gate was built to serve as a hub for storing and draining the lake's water, so that the tide from the river no longer flowed into the city. Six wells were repaired with the remaining material and manpower, and the roots were piled up in the lake to build a long causeway thirty miles long from north to south for passage.

The people of Wu land plant lings, and often pull them out in the spring, leaving no inch of grass. Su Shi also recruited people to plant water chestnuts in the lake, so that the white roots of the callus would no longer grow. The money collected was intended to be used to repair the lake, and 10,000 taels of money, 10,000 stone of grain, and 100 copies of the ordained monk's manorium were obtained to recruit laborers. After the embankment was built, the wood hibiscus and willow were planted on the embankment, which looked like a picture, and the people of Hangzhou called it 'Sugong Embankment'. ”

This article is marked as the author as "Su Shi" and the literary genre as "poetry" in Baidu Encyclopedia, both of which are obviously wrong. Baidu Encyclopedia also mistakenly added "Su Shi's character": "Su Shi's Governance of the West Lake" shows Su Shi's character traits of wholeheartedly benefiting the people. The dredging of the West Lake will benefit all generations. Su Shi visited Hangzhou and West Lake twice in 20 years and did a lot of good things for the people. The people of Hangzhou hung his portrait in their homes, worshiped him like a god, and worshiped him during the holidays; Some people also built a shrine for him, and he enjoyed incense at four o'clock. Since ancient times, few people have enjoyed such a lofty position in the hearts of the people as Su Shi. It shows that as long as we do good things and do practical things for the people. People will not forget him, and history will not forget him. ”

In later generations, for Su Shi, it is said that there are too many stories of Su Shi in Hangzhou, and its general historical facts are enough to show his immortal achievements. Like what:

1. He repaired wells: When Su Shi came to Hangzhou for the first time to serve as a judge, it happened that the six wells that provided drinking water to the citizens were in disrepair and could not supply water.

2. He provided disaster relief: Su Shi encountered a serious natural disaster as soon as he arrived in Hangzhou for the second time. Winter and spring floods, followed by a major drought. Su Shi decided to use the money used to repair the official residence, first buy rice to relieve the hunger, and repeatedly went up and down, asking the imperial court to reduce the taxes on the road, exempt the arrears, and increase the purchase of rice in the regular closing position to prepare for famine. Due to Su Shi's repeated requests, the imperial court decided to allocate 200,000 stone of rice on the road to help the hunger, reduce the rice supply by one-third, and give 300 ways to help the hunger. As a result, the price of rice gradually fell, and no one starved to death in the spring of Yuanyou's 5th year. However, some local officials had no intention of showing mercy to the people, and when they saw that there were no dead people in the spring of the 5th year of Yuanyou, they immediately reported to the imperial court, claiming that there was a bumper harvest this year, and that there were no other displaced people, and demanded that the money and grain be recovered. Su Shi retorted: "The disaster of last year was very bad, and the road was well known, so this year's autumn valley is very good, and I am afraid that the sores have not been repaired; And at the turn of the three summers, the rice harvest has not yet arrived, and how can the uncommissioned (I don't know) be transferred (the criminal transfer officer) one by one to see the maturity of this autumn, and then apply for Fengminoru?" In May and June, several counties in western Zhejiang did not stop heavy rains, Taihu Lake flooded, crops were flooded, and rice prices rose again in June and July. Because of last year's disaster, like a person's first illness; This year's disaster is like a recurrence of illness. Even if the condition is similar, it is difficult to support it due to the premature injury of vitality. In addition, at the turn of spring and summer this year, the wind and rain were smooth, and every family sold their debts to do things, wanting to win a bumper harvest. Now the rain and wind have destroyed the ripe crops, and "the poverty of the people is twice as old." Even so, some magistrates are still taboo about talking about disasters. The officials of Jiaxing County, Xiuzhou, trampled more than 40 people to death because they were not injured by the disaster. Su Shi reported the disaster to the imperial court many times in succession, asking for a reduction in the supply of rice on the road, and buying Chang square meters at a high price in preparation for the next year's hunger. At the request of Su Shi, the imperial court allocated 200,000 stones of tribute rice to relieve the hungry, and put food for the hungry; Set up a pharmacy and set up a sick shop to treat the sick. The disaster in Yuanyou in the fourth or fifth year was more serious than the famine in Xining in eight years, but because Su Shi was effective in disaster relief, so that the hungry could be fed and the sick could be treated, the price of rice could not skyrocket, the consequences were much lighter, and the disaster relief costs were much less.

3. He treats diseases: During the famine in the fourth or fifth year of Yuanyou, the plague was prevalent, and Hangzhou was the place where land and water met, and the mortality rate of the epidemic was higher than that of other places. Su Shi sent people to make gruel and medicine, and saved many people. Considering the important town of Hangzhou, Su Shi donated fifty taels of gold, plus public funds, to set up a sick house, called Anle Fang, to accept poor patients and treat them. Su Shi personally led the doctors to treat the disease, and more than 1,000 people were cured. It has written a strong stroke on the ancient official charity and medical undertakings!

4. He dredged the lake: When Su Shi Yuanyou came to Hangzhou for the second time in four years, the swamping of the West Lake was already very amazing. According to Su Shi's observations, comparing the situation when he left Hangzhou sixteen years ago, he said: "In Xiningzhong, the ministers sentenced Benzhou, and those who were in harmony with the lake were covered with twelve or three ears; Now, between 16 and 7 years, half of it has been stopped. Fathers and elders all said that in the past ten years, the water has been shallow and horizontal, like clouds in the sky, and it will be full in a flash, and for more than 20 years, there is no West Lake. And the West Lake plays the role of providing water for the people and farmland, "and then the people are full of water, the city is rich, and millions of people gather here to eat." Now the lake is narrow and shallow, and the six wells are gradually deteriorating, if it is all a field after 20 years, then the people of the city will drink salty and bitter again, and it will inevitably dissipate. "It directly affects the survival of Hangzhou. Faced with such a serious threat, Su Shi immediately set about formulating a plan for dredging the West Lake, and presented the recital of "Begging to Open the West Lake in Hangzhou" to the imperial court. By the way, this is the first time that the name "West Lake" has been used in an official document, indicating that the city of Hangzhou has been established entirely to the east of West Lake, and the name of West Lake has become popular. The dredging project presided over by Su Shi was unprecedented in scale, he demolished the private enclosure of the lake, dug the whole lake deeply, and built a long causeway that communicated the north and south in the west of the lake with a large amount of mud excavated, which was called Sugong Dike by later generations. In the deepest part of the whole lake, that is, in the area of the lake center pavilion today, three stone towers were established, and it was forbidden to breed water chestnut root in this range to prevent the shallowness of the lake bottom, and later evolved into "three pools of the moon". Hehe, the story of Dongpo meat happened because of the Jun Lake, and someone has already told it, so I won't talk about it.

5. He opened the river: Hangzhou Zhongguan Canal, in the middle of the city. However, for a long time, the local officials were greedy for convenience, diverting the tide into the river, and every time the tide came, the sediment accumulated, the Cao River failed, and the boat was difficult, so they had to dig every three years, which cost the people and money. After Su Shi personally inspected the water system of Hangzhou, he led the people to dredge the two rivers of Maoshan and Yanqiao for more than ten miles, and the water was more than eight feet deep, which was a depth that the Junhe River had never reached in decades. According to the suggestion of Su Jian, who was proficient in water conservancy, an embankment was built between the two rivers to control the river water and tide. Since then, the tide does not enter the market, the river does not silt, and the boat is often traveling.

6. He diverted water: the six wells and Shen Gongjing that were repaired last time were abandoned again, and it was very inconvenient for people in Hangzhou to drink water, and a hull of water was even sold for eight yuan. Su Shi was determined to completely and permanently solve the problem of water for the people, and personally begged the old monk who had participated in the well control before and was now over 70 years old. Su Shi adopted the suggestion of the old monk, replaced the bamboo pipe with a tile tube, and filled it with a stone trough to make the bottom cover tight and durable, and also used the excess water to build a new second well outside the Renhe Gate from the farthest point of the well, and directly led the water of the six wells to thousands of households with the tile tube, and expanded the scope of water supply. Since then, "the well water of the West Lake has spread all over the city". The moon in the three pools of Su Causeway is his masterpiece.

The six great deeds here coincide with "Su Shizhi West Lake", and now Wang Mumu looks at it and feels that this is not the case, which is endless:

1, he repaired the well, as mentioned above, this is the first time Su Shi came to Hangzhou to serve as a judge, when Zhizhou was Chen Xiang, if you talk about merit, Su Shi is at most a co-follower. Su Shi is now going to Hangzhou for the second time, and as his "Begging for the West Lake" said, it is necessary to rebuild the six wells. That, the well is a well matter, the lake is a lake matter, and the money, grain, and degree approved by the central government for the begging of the West Lake are applied to the lake affairs, and the special funds are earmarked, understand? Mixed up, to put it lightly, is not to understand accounting, to say deeply, suspected of fishing in troubled waters.

In fact, in those days, the general judgment was a position that offended the boss very much, because the function of the general judgment was to deal with the prefect and report to the imperial court, and play a role in supervising and restraining local leaders. Therefore, the leaders of each place are very worried about the general judgment, and there was once a crab-loving Zhizhou surnamed Qian who clearly asked the imperial court to send him to a place where "there are crabs but no general judgment" to serve, which shows the deep disgust of Zhizhou for the general judgment.

Su Shi did not have any political achievements during the general sentence in Hangzhou, and after Chen Xiang came to Hangzhou, he dug out the six old wells in Hangzhou one by one, and the water came out more. Su Shi immediately wrote a "Legend of the Six Wells in Qiantang". As a result, it was touted by later generations of fans as "facilitating the people by law".

When the six wells are not a big deal. At that time, all major events needed to be reported to the imperial court, and Su Shi was good at blowing, digging wells, was blown into a big project for the benefit of the country and the people, said that after the six old wells were repaired, it happened to encounter a major drought, "from Jianghuai to Zhejiang", all the wells were exhausted, and the result was that the water was more expensive than wine. Just because we have these six wells, there is no shortage of hemp to drink and wash. The common people all "chant Buddha to wish the public".

Then Su Shi sighed, saying, "Those who think of water are very anxious", and the world's major droughts are not common, but we often ignore such urgent things as drinking water because of infrequent things, "The common trouble in the world is also, how can it be water alone", he raised this to a political level.

2. He was in charge of disaster relief, as mentioned above, this was Su Shi's second visit to Hangzhou, and the disaster was serious, with floods in winter and spring, and then a major drought. That being the case, why did Su Shi want to beg for the West Lake? All large-scale water conservancy projects and major construction projects are outdated in good weather, how can there be a large-scale construction in a famine year? Doesn't that add insult to injury?

In fact, historical records say that when Su Shi came to Hangzhou for the second time, the disaster was serious, and the winter and spring floods were all caused by Su Shi's self-talk. In this era, including the next few hundred years, the governor of a state wrote to the imperial court, and ordinary people did not know what was written. Later generations only rely on the records of the literati, who know the facts at that time. It doesn't matter whether there is a disaster in Hangzhou, where Su Shi is located now, this is a black hole in this era of underdeveloped communication and unpopular culture. In order to get the money and grain of the imperial court, Su Shi ignored the fact that he was engaged in water conservancy dredging in a big way, and said that Hangzhou and Zhejiang were in disaster. It is recorded in history that Shi Jiayi, Yang Wei, and An Ding jointly wrote a letter to refute Su Shi's letter about the famine in Zhejiang and Zhejiang, saying that the situation was untrue, and asked the imperial court to re-investigate and verify.

Throughout Su Shi's life, whenever he went to a place, he reached out to the court to ask for money, food, and policies. Su Shi, who is now in Hangzhou, is the leader of Liangzhejiang Road. The Liangzhejiang Road included the later Zhejiang Province, the southern part of Jiangsu Province, and the Anhui and Jiangxi provinces. Here, there are two "paradises" of "Suzhou and Hangzhou"; Here, there is the rich Hangjiahu Plain; There is "Su Changshu, the world is full". No matter how you can't figure it out, move and transfer, Su Shi holds the golden rice bowl, and wants to "beg" to the central government, isn't this the same as those professional beggars in later generations who make second wives, raise third children, live in foreign houses, and drive cars? You Su Shi, as a parent official, does not think about developing people's livelihood, you know how to eat and stretch out your hands, Doctor Song Zhishi, the five grains are not divided, and the limbs are not diligent, which can be seen; Again, its, no sense of responsibility, do not want to work hard, gnaw at the father gnaw the center, add scoundrels, but also build a memorial arch, this wind prevails, Song, how can not die? And, even if "there is a famine in western Zhejiang", you "Su Changshu", why don't you "move"?

Wang Mumu looked at the current Hangzhou, which was not a famine year (in a famine year, he was still eating three jars of wine in the moon in Santan?). In the famine year, you are still eating Dongpo meat at Su Causeway? It's not a good harvest day. As for the decision to use the money from the repair of the official house to buy rice for hunger relief, Su Shi's consistent words and deeds are not credible. As for repeated increases, tax reductions, exemption from arrears, increased purchase of rice from warehouses, allocation of rice to relieve hunger, and so on, all of them are nothing to do. Su Shi didn't want to do nothing, he wanted to make a profit in the project, so the court not only received a ridiculous invitation, but also paradoxically received a begging to open the West Lake. In this era, the two leaders of the Great Song Dynasty are two women, two Su fans, and palace people who don't understand oil, salt, firewood and rice, and they can't see that they are tired, and they are fooled by him.

said that Su Shi was "diligent in government for the people", hehe, take a look. Let's take a look at how Su Shi came to Hangzhou! When Su Shi came to Hangzhou for the first time, the release order had been issued, and Su didn't want to leave, "since then he has stayed in Beijing for a few years." It's been a year, isn't it powerful? Wang Mumu wanted to go to the ministry and ask, should Su Shi's annual salary this year be received in Bianjing or Hangzhou? Su Shi did not go to his post until "the end of summer and the beginning of autumn next year". On the way, he also played wildly, in Sizhou, and made "Sizhou Sangha Tower". went to pour wine Ouyang Xiu again, and it was still flower wine, on the West Lake in Yingzhou, Su Shi "arranged flowers and danced for public life", Ouyang Xiu "drunk drama talk is still intense", as a result, Ouyang Xiu couldn't touch the boat when he stood up, and almost fell into the lake, so that Su Shi left not long ago, Ouyang Xiu also returned to the sky with illness. Hehe, what a "diligent government"! What a "for the people"!

After Su Shi, who knew that he was "political" and "unskilled", arrived in Hangzhou, he was playing. Play with monks, play with chicks, play with celebrities. He was "in the spring every time he had a break", rejoiced with the people, "must make an appointment on the lake", in the "good place of the landscape", "the group of prostitutes gathered", after the wine and food were full, "the camp prostitutes all went out to welcome", "each guest has a boat", "each leader has a number of prostitutes as he suits", wherever he goes, whatever he does. After the cool, and then "sound the gong to gather", the comrades went back to the restaurant, ate and drank until late at night, "very happy", "the candles returned", and even "the scholars and girls gathered, and the road was watched", Su Shi led "a thousand horses to ride", the limelight was exhausted, and "it was a grand event for a while". Therefore, close to the people, love the people, to understand the concept of the people, in the Song Dynasty, the people have farmers, industry and commerce, and those who have no fixed assets are all from the cheap industry. Su Shili is not cheap, he kisses "scholars" and "women".

said that Su Shi was "diligent in government for the people", and sometimes, it is better to say that he is too lazy and hardworking. Throughout Su Shi, in Mizhou, Hangzhou, and Huizhou, he proposed tax cuts and tax reductions to the imperial court. If it can be reduced, which one will not be happy? The question is that you, Su Shi, are a government official, if all the states in the country make this proposal, is there still a need for this country to exist? Can this country still be a country?

Su Shi has long announced that our scholars and doctors are far away from their hometowns to become officials, "donate relatives, abandon graves, and follow the eunuchs in all directions", one is to do something for the country, "also want to have fun", and have fun, "this person's affection is also", if the official is very poor, "if the withering is too much, the kitchen will be passed down", the country will not be a country, "like the bad wind of a dangerous state, I am afraid it is not a grand view of peace". Therefore, Su Shi's "diligent government for the people" is just a floating image of his "grand view of peace". The life that Su Shi looks forward to is "Wan Hu with wine in the boat", like Tao Yuanming, he doesn't do anything, but just "grows and floats with you" and messes around. Su Shi often complained: "The chef doesn't smoke for ten days", we haven't eaten and drunk with public money for ten days, there is no oil and water, and the light singing and dancing of the beauties in the red dress is also out of reach, "I look forward to the red dress and dance".

Su Shi said in the poem "Huaixi Lake Sends Chao Meishu in the Same Year" that he had a good time back then, "I still dream at night, and my ears and eyes are fresh", and now I still think about it. He still hopes to be able to do nothing to "look at Cui Gai with red makeup, and not feel the overnight frost by the lake". But at this time, "looking back at the West Lake, I am really dreaming, and I am discouraged and frosty."

In fact, Su Shi was just forty years old at this time, "frost sideburns" are fake, and "discouragement" is true. He repeatedly lamented that he was old and had achieved nothing, but because he had great ambitions, he was unwilling to do things at the grassroots level, so his spirit was decadent, "the sick man slept enough, and sat down for a long time", "faint is neither drunk, nor mad". In this state of work, who can expect him to do anything serious for the local people? Can you really renovate the West Lake and revitalize water conservancy?

Su Shi loves the people, what kind of people he loves, Su Shi's diligence, what about it? In this regard, Su Shi himself admitted that he "sat in the government and did not warm the seat, and returned to close the cabinet and spend the whole day". In other words, I occasionally go to the office during the day, and go back to the bedroom to lie down before my buttocks are hot, and lie down for a day.

Whew! Scholar Su, have you ever read "The worries of the world first, and the joy of the world after the world." ”？！

3. He can't be trusted to heal the sick! In the Song Dynasty, the plague was a medical officer. Hangzhou is sick, no need to know the state in person. Of course, Su Shi knows a little about medicine and health care, just like he is good at showing off his poetry and writing, he may also be good at showing off his medical skills, such as when he wrote a letter to Wang Gong to talk about Lingnan health care, he appeared in some places, pretending to be close to the people, just like "students do exercises in the rain, and leaders wear umbrellas to appreciate". It's also a good thing to appear. As for Su Shi's donation of fifty gold out of his own pocket, it is even more unbelievable, he is so rich, that white horse spent money to buy it, how can he sell his concubine and sell his own children!

Su Shi can't be a good doctor and wants to be a good doctor, so he copied a few recipes and compiled a few medical books, thinking, maybe he can become a big family like poetry! It's a pity that Su Shi later made his own medicine to cure the disease and ate it to death. Do you want such a doctor? The doctor who uses the patient to practice the knife, you have met, are you lucky? Or is it unfortunate? Don't end up, the corpse is still being resold to cheat the insurance, and there is no peace.

4, he dredged the lake, "Begging to open Hangzhou West Lake", Sugong Dike, Santan Yinyue, Dongpo meat, but do you have the truth? Su Shi said: "It's not my job to defend the water as an embankment, and I will send Tiaoxi into Taihu Lake." Therefore, in Hangzhou, if Su Shi's renovation of the West Lake is just some of the reasons explicitly stated in "Begging to Open the West Lake", there are no hidden benefits, how can he actively participate? Yu Shuili, he has long been "cold and discouraged".

5. He opened the river, as it should be, this should be the function of the government organs during the normal operation, which is not mentioned in "Begging to Open the West Lake", so it should be a daily work, and those who should should work should contribute to the work.

6. It was a stupid thing for him to lead the water. The water from the six wells can be brought to thousands of households from the West Lake, which is about to be annihilated, so why can't the water of the stream at the source of the West Lake "spread all over the city"? As for Su Causeway and Santan Yinyue, it is said that it is his masterpiece, it is better to say that it is his joke. These two masterpieces, hehe, to put it brightly, "useless in the country and at home"; Be vigilant, it is a problem to be involved in theft; talk about politics, deceive the upper and lower good people; Let's talk about history, and use cunning to cover up morality.

……