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Zhang Zhidong was previously the governor of Huguang, and his official title was the governor of Hubei, Hunan and other places, the governor of military affairs, food and salary, and the governor of Hunan, referred to as the governor of Hubei and Hunan, because Hunan and Hubei provinces belonged to Huguang Province in the Ming Dynasty, so they were also commonly known as the governor of Huguang, and were in charge of the military and civilian affairs of Hubei and Hunan.

At that time, the person in charge of the Restoration Party in Hubei and Hunan was Tang Caichang, who was only 27 years old at this time. Tang Caichang is a native of Liuyang, Hunan, and studied in Changsha School of Economics and Economics, Yuelu Academy and Wuchang Lianghu Academy in his early years.

When Li Hongzhang first established the republic, Tang Caichang was very excited, looking forward to the real great changes in the country, but soon found that everything was the same as before, after the establishment of the republic, the county officials were still masters, and the landlords were still landlords, he was very disappointed, and organized the "Righteousness Association", which was later renamed the "Self-Reliance Association" to form a self-reliance army, and Tang Cai was the permanent superintendent, claiming to have armed 3,000 people, but in fact the equipment was very poor, and the weapons were mostly some bird guns and broadswords, and a small number of Western muskets.

After the establishment of Emperor Zhu Xiang's Restoration Party, Tang Caichang joined the Restoration Party, and was responsible for party affairs in Hunan and Hubei, and soon developed nearly 5,000 party members.

Tang Cai often knew that the fifty-seven-year-old Zhang Zhidong had the nickname of "old fox", and that he was cunning as an official, and received a letter invitation from Zhang Zhidong, fearing that there would be fraud and did not want to go to Wuchang City. He sent a telegram to Zhu Xiangdi, the leader of the Restoration Party, and Emperor Zhu Xiangdi was overjoyed when he heard the news, and replied: "Zhang Nanpi is more engaged in foreign affairs, open-minded, and is an important figure in domestic status second only to Li Hongzhang. If we can win him over, we will be able to accomplish the great cause of restoring the Party, and you must not miss this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity! ”

Tang Cai often telegraphed back and said, "What if Zhang Zhidong goes back on his word and takes the opportunity to exterminate us?" ”

Emperor Zhu Xiang replied to Tang Caichang and said: "You take the Zili Army to Wuchang first, and I will personally raise 50,000 Ming Restoration Party troops to support you." ”

Tang Caichang had no choice. had to take his 3,000 self-reliance army to Wuchang by boat. At this time. Zhang Zhidong had already sent a new army armed with 5,000 foreign guns and cannons into Wuchang City to garrison and sharpen his guns.

Tang Cai often independent bow, the Han River flowed here from the north to meet the Yangtze River, Wuchang and Hankou and Hanyang formed the Great Wuhan. At sunset. Tang Caichang arrived at Hankou, under his feet is the surging Yangtze River water, rolling forward, he looked west, the Snake Mountain and the Turtle Mountain under the sunset are stacked and green, the Yellow Crane Tower flying high in the eaves of the corridor is vivid, and the golden clouds are floating in the low sky, everything is not unusual. To the south, he saw a mountain village filled with smoke. The boat walked a little further, and then saw the city of Wuchang with high walls.

The sturdy stone walls enclosed the huge city, and the old city of Wuchang was originally full of houses, but Wuhan was baptized by war when the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was in rebellion. Three-quarters of the houses in Wuchang City were burned down, and although Zhang Zhidong was restored after he became governor of Huguang, it was only half of the old city restored at this time.

When Tang Caichang was about to enter Wuchang City with his self-reliance army, the new army guarding the city gate said that the governor had an order not to allow a large group of people to enter the city.

Tang Caichang was a little apprehensive in his heart, and hurriedly asked someone to report to Emperor Zhu Xiang, and then asked the defenders of the city gate: "Then we are allowed to bring weapons in?" ”

The new army guarding Wuchang said, "Yes. ”

Tang Caichang was a little relieved at this time, and took twenty-seven backbones of the Self-Reliance Army, filled the Mauser gun with bullets, and entered Wuchang City.

When he arrived at the meeting room of the Governor's Palace, Zhang Zhidong confirmed Tang Caichang's identity, exchanged a few words of greeting, and said: "Now that China has established a republic, why are you still making trouble for the Restoration of Sight Party?" ”

Tang Cai often said: "The current republic is a fake republic, fake democracy, and the society is full of collusion between officials and businessmen. ”

Zhang Zhidong said contemptuously: "Whether the republic is true or not, it's up to you to restore the Ming Party?" When you say a republic, is it a true republic? Is your democracy real democracy? How unreasonable! Old man, the republic is the cooperation between government and business! The old man has been doing foreign affairs for so many years, isn't it very good for the government to supervise and run the business? Look at Hanyang Iron Works, isn't it the largest in Asia? Of course, if you insist that the cooperation between officials and businessmen is the collusion between officials and businessmen, then the old man thinks that the republic is the collusion between officials and businessmen! ”

Tang Caichang and Zhang Zhidong did not talk to speculation, felt wrong, was about to say a few more words, Zhang Zhidong excused himself to go to the convenience, walked out of the living room, and then rushed in more than 100 recruits with foreign guns, the black muzzle pointed at Tang Caichang and others, Tang Caichang and others realized that something was not good, and quickly pulled out their pistols to defend themselves, at this time, it was too late, the guns rang out, they were strafed by foreign guns, "bang" gunshots rang out in the house, Tang Caichang was shot more than 20 times, fell on the pear wood chair, and all 27 people were killed.

At the same time, the new army stationed in Wuchang received an order and began to attack the Zili army outside the city of Wuchang, and the Zili army suffered a crushing defeat and was slaughtered more than 2,000 people. Zhang Zhidong ordered the arrest of the Restoration Party members in Hubei and Hunan, arrested more than 3,000 Restoration Party members, and immediately shot them.

At this time, the 50,000 Ming Restoration Party troops promised by Emperor Zhu Xiang were still being planned, because of the lack of military salaries, there were less than 2,000 people.

Li Hongzhang also realized that changing the name of the old thing to a new one, such as changing the name of the governor to the provincial governor, would not solve any problems, the old bureaucratic system still existed, bribery, extortion and extortion were still rampant, and Chinese society could not get rid of the family and Confucian culture and completely Westernize. What is even more serious is that freedom of speech and freedom of association in the West have been written into the constitution of the republic, non-governmental newspapers have sprung up like mushrooms after a rain, more than 1,000 newspapers have appeared in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou, and hooligan groups such as the Brotherhood of Elders in various localities have begun to form various political parties in an open and honest manner, and all kinds of democratic chaos have begun to appear. Li Hongzhang believed that because there was no strong central government, the provinces were in their own way, and the various reforms of the New Deal were also difficult, and the efficiency of the entire government was even inferior to that of the Manchu government, and he began to consider a constitutional monarchy.

And the subsequent parliaments established in various places are also struggling, either being hollowed out by the governors of various places and becoming an ornament, or they are a mess and achieve nothing! At this time, China was like a house handed down from our ancestors, which was already dilapidated, and the idea of those who stayed abroad was: "Tear it down and build a new one." Some reformists commented: "The house has not completely collapsed and can be repaired." The opinion of most of the squires was: "What has been handed down from our ancestors must not be touched." ”