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After Lu Xun finished his speech in the auditorium of Peking University, Song Xiaofei stood up and applauded, and gave him a very high evaluation: "Lu Xun's bones, I think they are the hardest among Chinese scholars." That's why I chose him as Deputy Minister of Education. ”

Lu Xun said: "Thank you for the praise of the president. I just think that as a scholar, you must have backbone, otherwise you will just be a slave or a dog of those in power. Attaching importance to integrity was originally a fine tradition of scholars, but after the Southern Song Dynasty, it was very rare. It is indeed the sorrow of the Chinese nation. ”

Song Xiaofei nodded and said to Lu Xun: "You are right. Some scholars sell their conscience and think that they will gain the respect of those in power, but in fact, if you think you are a dog, those in power will look at you as a pug. By the way, there has been a lot of controversy in society about the Chinese history that you edited. Some officials in government departments also have controversy, and even General Liang Qichao feels that some places are too radical. Take this opportunity to explain your thoughts to everyone. ”

Lu Xun said, then I will say a few more words. The so-called "5,000-year-old Chinese civilization" is the history of bubbles, and according to my research, there are only 3,700 years of Chinese civilization that can be examined. Some people say that tens of thousands of years ago clay pots were dug up from the ground or traces of savages were found in a cave, proving that Chinese civilization also includes "prehistory". This is ignorance, and in some caves, skulls from 500,000 years ago have been dug up, which has nothing to do with the history of civilization. Civilization consists of two elements: philosophy, which is the convergence of human thought, and culture, which is the sustenance of the human soul and the interpretation of beauty; Private property - the first step towards civilization of mankind. Before the germination of philosophy, culture, and private property, there was no history of civilization. There is only a history of recklessness and primitive tribes.

At this time, Liang Qichao stood up and interrupted Lu Xun's words, "Minister Zhou's point of view is very fresh. The first time I heard about it. Can you tell us more about that? ”

Lu Xun said, Chief Liang, listen to me slowly. The source of Chinese civilization was feudalism at the earliest, that is, the feudal system, which was overthrown by Qin Shi Huang; Feudalism is followed by centralization, and the difference is: feudalism: pluralism of thought, freedom of speech, a hundred flowers blooming, and a hundred schools of thought contending. For example, the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period; Centralization:

Thought units, speech imprisonment, too many words will be lost, and disaster will come out of the mouth. For example, Qin Shi Huang's book burning pit Confucianism, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty deposed a hundred schools of thought, and respected Confucianism alone. In feudal society, there was only the "Son of Heaven". It was in a centralized society that an "emperor" appeared. After Qin Shi Huang overthrew the "feudal system" and created the "centralized system", he became the first emperor in Chinese history, and the centralized system has been passed down from generation to generation for more than 2,000 years. It continues to this day. Until the president established the republic, therefore, we must correct the history, China has long been without feudalism, only centralized power, once centralized, the people become slaves, and the working people are all deprived of the "right to make a living freely, the right to move freely", and then "all actions are under command" to carry the order. This is what I mean by more than 3,000 years of ancient country. Indeed, the people lived in the age of slavery and slavery, so. Under the centralized system, the dynasty prospered, the people suffered, and when they died, the people also suffered.

Liang Qichao asked: "Then you say that private property is the first step for human beings to move towards civilization, how do you say this?" ”

Lu Xun said: Private property is the foundation of individual dignity. Tai Shi Gong also said a long time ago that Cang Liao knows etiquette and then knows etiquette, and people who have no clothes to wear will not feel ashamed of their bare butts. With private property, talent lives for himself. Property rights are the most important rights of human beings, and any nominal "public ownership", such as the "well field system", public ownership of land, and the right to control are all owned by a small number of people, either in the hands of nobles or public servants. The people were left with the right to live under orders. History can only be seen through in contrast: no matter what this doctrine or that doctrine is, as long as people are deprived of the right to "make a living and move freely", it is the restoration of feudalism and social regression. So the famous English philosopher of the seventeenth century, John. Locke once shouted: property cannot be publicly owned, power cannot be privately owned, otherwise mankind will enter the door of disaster!

Song Xiaofei said: "It is right to say that the people's freedom to earn a living and move freely is a basic right. I have also said that there is no check and balance on power, which can only lead to another kind of tyranny and disaster, which is worse than enlightenment. The history of human civilization is based on love -- fraternity, love, and benevolence, and any theory that incites hatred and strife is anti-civilization. ”

Liang Qichao asked Lu Xun: "Minister Zhou, I heard that you still agree with the division of classes?" How is this different from the Bolshevik set? ”

Lu Xun said: "In any society, personnel are divided into three, six, nine, and so on, and of course there are class divisions. However, the Bolsheviks made the mistake of using the criterion of 'rich and poor' to divide classes, and I believed that 'means of profit' was the only criterion for class-defining and studying historical trends. It is the privileged class that relies on privilege and monopoly for profit; It is the bourgeoisie that relies on freedom and competition for profit; Those who have no privileges and can only earn a living by labor are the proletariat. Otherwise, relying on the rich and the poor to divide the class is the opposite of the reality of the cangli and then knowing the etiquette. ”

Song Xiaofei said with a smile: "I agree to divide the class attributes according to the 'means of profit'. ”

Lu Xun said: "What I want to say has been finished, I hope you will think twice." Finally, I would like to remind the President a few words that history has proven everything: Zhang Jiao, Zhu Yuanzhang, Li Zicheng, Zhang Xianzhong, Hong Xiuquan, the Boxers, and the Bolsheviks have always had power out of the barrel of a gun, and most of the previous countries were established by violence, but violence runs counter to civilization, and the power of the gun can never produce the human rights of the common people. My re-compilation of "History of China" is not a traditional narrative history, but a history of correction, comparison, and truth, and the people in power will scold angrily when they see it, the powerful will scold when they see it, their peers will be jealous and scolding when they see it, and the common people will curse when they see it, but no matter how you scold, as long as there is still a breath left, I will also rewrite the history of China, open the mental function that has been sealed for thousands of years, and cultivate the long-barren ideological soil. ”

Hearing this, Feng Guozhang stood up angrily: "Okay, you Zhou someone, you little vice minister of education, dare to deny the power of the gun proposed by the president!" Arrogance! ”

Lu Xun replied: "I mean that political power comes out of the barrel of a gun, but it will never come out of the human rights of the common people!" ”

At this time, Song Xiaofei also stood up. asked Lu Xun very seriously: "Then do you think our current system is people's democracy or **?" ”

Song Xiaofei and Feng Guozhang at the scene had serious faces, and they couldn't help but sweat for Lu Xun. Lu Xun's face did not change, and said: "Does the president want to hear the truth or is it a lie of flattery?" ”

Song Xiaofei said: "Of course it's true. ”

Lu Xun said: "Now it can only be regarded as enlightened**." Because although the people have the right to property and the freedom of economic activities, their lives are still threatened by the powerful. For example, although the president has lifted the ban on newspapers, censorship of newspapers and books by the mission and cultural departments still exists. ”

I heard Lu Xun say the word "**". In the auditorium of Peking University, thousands of listeners held their breath and fell silent. Some people were already in a cold sweat on their foreheads, and they all looked at Song Xiaofei, waiting for him to make a statement.

After half a ring, Song Xiaofei laughed. Say, "I admit it. Our country is now enlightened**! ”

These words were like a thunderbolt on a sunny day, the people at the scene let out bursts of exclamations and discussions, Song Xiaofei raised his hand to signal everyone to be quiet, and then said loudly, "I can see it clearly!" In the past, we sanctified the thing of democracy. It also simplifies the idea of democracy, thinking that it only takes an authoritarian government to be uprooted. The fruits of democracy can be plucked, and the people will be free, civilized, and rich, but this is not the case at all, in fact, democracy is a process of continuous development and continuous exercises. The authoritarian government that oppresses people with power has been pulled out, and there are business consortia that use money to monopolize; If the problem of business conglomerates is solved, you will find that the entertainment and vulgarization of the media are very problematic; If the media problem is solved, you will find that the civic groups themselves are very domineering and populism is rampant...... In fact, democracy lies in practice, and practice lies in the details, and the details make you have no escape, and we need to go through this difficult process. Democracy anywhere, no one can be separated from its soil. Birds come with seeds, and when they fall in different soils, things that grow are bound to be different. Democracies are costly and can also bring drawbacks, such as encouraging short-term operations. A society that is not controlled by politics will become controlled by business and by pecuniary interests. So what else to choose from? The ideal is to be open-minded**, that is, to have a wise policymaker who can lead everyone forward and make some rooted, long-term plans for the country. Over the past 15 years, our republic has followed this enlightened path. But now, this road is no longer going through, the economy has developed, the interests of the people have diversified, it is impossible to keep them fed, clothed, to give them basic rights, openness, freedom, equality, personal dignity, property rights, etc., I believe that no matter what form of civilized society, it is the basic values that apply, but the road map for implementing these values may be different.

After hearing this, Liang Qichao and Lu Xun took the lead in applauding, and the students also gave a standing ovation, like a storm.

Song Xiaofei said: "The reform of our country has reached the deep water area, and it needs the participation of the whole people. It is not difficult to build a country, but it is difficult to unite the people of a country and let them work hard for a common goal. We now have a common great goal, which is to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. But to achieve this goal, it will be difficult for politicians to succeed in doing everything they can. A civilized country must not be a tool for safeguarding the interests of the ruling class! Government is usually a very scary term, which means authority, domination, very abstract. In fact, the government is made up of individuals, and as long as it is an individual, there are individual prejudices, selfish desires, limitations of knowledge, and lack of intelligence. Is it possible that a government organized by a variety of flawed individuals has no shortcomings? How could the people close their eyes

What about full support? I know that there are many government officials who lack efficiency, do not know how to review, and have no sense of service, but today's people are no longer fools. I am pleased to see that today's college students, together with the president, are enthusiastically discussing the constitution and loudly raising objections. I was comforted to see that mothers of mentally deficient children went to the Ministry of Education en masse to complain and impassionedly pointed out that the current system is unfair to their children. A great country is by no means something that can be established by a group of slaves without opinions, and a good system needs a group of people with common ideals to complete. If those in power do not take into account the interests of the people, it will be difficult for the reform to succeed, and the reform of Wang Mang of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the reform of Wang Anshi of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the reform of Zhang Juzheng of the Ming Dynasty are doomed to fail because they are divorced from the people. The implementation of constitutional government, the rule of law, and the protection of the people's rights, especially property rights, are the keys to realizing the great rejuvenation of the nation! ”

The venue burst into warm applause. In the end, Song Xiaofei said something that stunned many officials present: "In accordance with the principle of equality between men and women stipulated in the Constitution, we will first discuss the reform of the marriage system of the whole society and implement a new marriage law of monogamy." Because among the people present, many of them had three wives and four concubines, and there was a lot of discussion at the scene. (To be continued......) u