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Lu Xun in the position of director of the Department of Textbooks of the Ministry of Education, from the perspective of human nature and human civilization, re-edited the textbook of Chinese history, the more painful the history, the more detailed the record, the re-evaluation of some historical figures and historical events, causing huge controversy in the society, such as Qin Shi Huang burned books and pit Confucianism, killed hundreds of thousands of soldiers, was listed as a tyrant through the ages, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty deposed a hundred schools, and respected Confucianism, which is considered to be the darkest day in the history of Chinese thought. And for the Qing Dynasty to replace the Ming Dynasty, Lu Xun believed that this was a historical regression, the Manchu Qing Dynasty's barbaric and closed system, ideological imprisonment, caused China's backwardness in modern times. The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom movement was considered a rebellion by Hong Xiuquan and other peasants pretending to be ghosts.

Many conservative people in the newspaper couldn't stand it, and attacked Lu Xun for forgetting his ancestors. Lu Xun responded openly in the newspapers with "some old and young people in China always love to make something out of nothing, and they not only sing the praises of life, but also whitewash the darkness", "a soldier with shortcomings is a soldier after all, and a precious fly is always a fly".

Yan Fu, the general director of the Ministry of Education, took the history textbook edited by Lu Xun to Song Xiaofei, and after Song Xiaofei read it, he expressed his appreciation. In the spring of 1907, Lu Xun was also appointed vice minister of education, and asked him to go to various universities to "fan the flames" and bring about a cultural revolution for the Chinese nation.

After Lu Xun took up his new post, the first stop he went to was National Peking University, which was located in Jingshan East Street, Beijing, near the current Jingshan Park. Peking University is the highest institution of learning in the north. It is one of the first four national comprehensive universities established in the Republic of China, the others being National Wuhan University in central China and National Shanghai University in Shanghai. National Guangzhou University in the South. These four universities are the birthplace of Chinese thought.

That day was the opening ceremony of Chongshi College of Peking University, and the ceremony was solemn. President Song Xiaofei not only personally inscribed the name of Chongshi College, but also led Premier Sheng Xuanhuai, Minister of Education Yan Fu, and Minister of Justice Liang Qichao to attend together. Even Morrisson, the China correspondent for The New York Times. Smelling a hint of something unusual, he also applied to the diplomatic department through the American minister, hoping to participate on this day. Song Xiaofei agreed. And let the Ministry of Foreign Affairs issue a proclamation, saying that all Western journalists who are willing to participate are welcome to participate. And this event, the newspaper also issued an announcement. Thirty readers are invited to participate.

After the solemn and enthusiastic ceremony. Lu Xun did not leave immediately, and summoned all the students to the auditorium to make an important report on the situation of education reform. The auditorium was filled with nearly 2,000 students, and officials from various ministries and teachers from Beijing universities stood on either side.

Lu Xun, who was standing in the crowd, bent down slightly, bowed, but his eyes were a little excited, and he slowly walked to the front of the crowd. Lu Xun's eight-character beard is upturned, perhaps because he is too tired. His face looked thin and pale, and he walked to the front of the crowd with a faint but confident smile on his lips. Calmly staring at the crowd below.

In his speech, Lu Xun first praised the government's policies, saying: "In the past ten years, the president has promulgated a series of decrees to set up the Bureau of Agriculture and Industry and the General Administration of Roads and Mines to advocate the establishment of industries; building railways and mining deposits; organizing chambers of commerce; Reform finance, in politics, open up the way of speech, open up the ban; Set up a translation bureau to send international students; Reward scientific works and inventions, and strengthen the army with science and technology. The purpose of these reform decrees is to learn science and technology and management systems to make the country rich and strong. It also works very well. However, our minds are not emancipated enough.

Seeing that there was a lot of discussion below, Lu Xun paused for a while and said loudly: "Even the Guangxu Emperor of the Manchu Qing Dynasty knows in the Book of Dingguo that over the past few years, Chinese and foreign ministers have paid attention to current affairs, and many masters have changed the law and become self-reliant...... However, the atmosphere has not yet been opened, and there is no consensus in the discussions, or it is entrusted to the old and worried about the country, thinking that the old rules must be observed, and the new laws must be eliminated...... Subsequently, all the ministers at home and abroad, from the princes and scholars, should strive to move upward, be indignant, and plant their roots with the study of sages and righteousness, and they must learn from the West and those who are relevant to the times, and pay attention to their strength, so as to save the disadvantages of emptiness and absurdity. ”

Speaking of this, Lu Xun cleared his throat and raised his voice: "In fact, the knowledge in this world does not distinguish between things, yes or no, no is not. For example, is there still two kinds of logic: Western logic and Eastern logic? This kind of logic is ridiculous in itself. ”

Everyone hesitated for a moment, knowing that Lu Xun was about to fire the cannon again, and there was a lot of discussion. Some people speak a little loudly: "Since I was literate, I have been studying the governance of traditional Chinese culture. The way of the world may be different, but I have been thinking about what is the real avenue and what is the way to rejuvenate the country for a country with a large population and a vast territory like China! I set my sights on history, hundreds of years ago, there was a person surnamed Wang, named Wang Yangming, this person everyone must know, he once said a sentence, it is easy to break the mountain, and it is difficult to break the heart. If each of us wants to clear the way of the world, we must first break the thief in our hearts. The President once called this 'emancipation of the mind,' and I agree. Filial piety, loyalty, courtesy, righteousness and humility, I also agree. But Chinese culture, the biggest thief, is hypocrisy, knowledge and action are not combined, especially officials, saying one thing and doing another, this is hypocrisy! Usually everyone learns Cheng Zhu Lixue, and what they learn is nothing more than saving heavenly principles and destroying people's desires. But looking through our history, in all dynasties and dynasties, relying on the learning of the saints, benevolence, righteousness and morality can really govern the country and level the world? A mouth full of benevolence, righteousness and morality cannot save a country from peril, think about it, can the four books and five classics studied by the officials and the eight strands of literature studied painstakingly resist the strong ships and sharp cannons of foreigners? Can we change the situation of rampant corruption, land annexation, thousands of miles of displaced people, and the accumulation of malpractices in the country? Emphasizing the name and moderation over the practice, what is hidden in this is actually hypocrisy and weakness. ”

After Song Xiaofei heard this, he took the lead in applauding Lu Xun, and thunderous applause suddenly sounded in the auditorium. Lu Xun glanced at Song Xiaofei, his eyes were full of encouragement and support, and he boldly continued: "Morality cannot change a person's fate, nor can it change the fate of a country at all. Therefore, we must rule the country according to law, and this is not the rule of ethics. The political thinking of Chinese traditional knowledge practitioners is nothing more than expecting a saint, or a saint, to tell people the way of heaven, and then he stands on the worship platform, waving his sleeves, and the four seas are leveled, and the people respect and abide by the law. Confucius thought so, Wang Mang thought so, and Li Bai thought so. But turning over the history, up and down 5,000 years, the defenders of Chinese morality have come out in large numbers, and the archway of chastity has been erected a lot, and the world has been stable for a long time? Therefore, the newly established college of Peking University today, called Chongshi College, is to ask us to float in Chongshi. ”

There were students in the auditorium who started better and nodded in praise. Lu Xun continued: "The second thief of Chinese culture is conservatism. We like to say, it's always been this way, it's going to be the way. No matter what, it has always been like this, it seems to be a matter of course. Confucius regarded the etiquette system of the Zhou Dynasty as a treasure. Chinese scholars are immersed in the accumulation of chapters and sentences, and the martial artists are so stupid and careless, so that they use what they have learned, and what they have learned is not used. If there is nothing to do, they will sneer at foreign sharp weapons as strange and ingenious, thinking that they do not need to learn; If something happens, I am shocked that the sharp weapon of the foreign country becomes strange and magical, thinking that it cannot be learned. But have you ever thought about it, it has always been like this, right? There is no immutable truth in the world, and when things are poor, things will change, and change will make sense. Today's world situation is a great change unseen in 3,000 years, and sticking to the old ways and resting on our laurels will only make our country more and more backward and weak. In the long run, the country will not be a country. ”

The entire auditorium was silent, the first whispers were gone, only a solemn and suffocating silence. Lu Xun continued, "The third thief of Chinese culture is confusion and lack of logic. This is highlighted in some slang. There are too many examples. For example, as the saying goes: the prime minister can hold the boat in his belly; But as the saying goes: If you have revenge, you will not revenge, and you are not a gentleman! As the saying goes: a manly man would rather die than give in; But as the saying goes: a manly man can bend and stretch! As the saying goes: If people don't offend me, I won't offend people; But as the saying goes: the first strike is stronger, and the second strike suffers! As the saying goes: a good man has three gangs; But as the saying goes: it is better to rely on others than on yourself! As the saying goes: an emaciated camel is bigger than a horse; But as the saying goes: a plucked phoenix is not as good as a chicken! As the saying goes: it is better to be broken than to be complete; But as the saying goes: stay in the green mountains, don't be afraid of no firewood! As the saying goes: the prodigal son does not change his money when he looks back; But as the saying goes: dogs can't change eating! As the saying goes: the bitter sea is boundless, and turning back is the shore; But as the saying goes: there is no turning back when you open the bow! As the saying goes: take a step back and open the sky; But as the saying goes: the brave wins when they meet on a narrow road! As the saying goes: the afterlife is terrible; But as the saying goes: if you have no hair on your mouth, you can't do things well! As the saying goes: forgive and forgive; But as the saying goes: If the tiger returns to the mountain, there will be endless troubles! As the saying goes: good is rewarded with good, and evil is rewarded with evil; But as the saying goes: people are good at being bullied, and horses are good at being ridden! As the saying goes: all for one, one for all; But as the saying goes: If people are not for themselves, the heavens and the earth will be destroyed! As the saying goes: filial piety comes first; But as the saying goes: loyalty and filial piety cannot be both! As the saying goes: Ming people don't do dark things; But as the saying goes: soldiers are not tired of cheating. It's so total, it's confusing. So some high-ranking people stood up and said, 'It's rare to be confused'. In short, Chinese culture in general is upside down, and everything is clever, like and muddy. This is the failure of the whole nation, and we must have a new culture and truly raise the hearts and minds of the Chinese people to a rational level, so that we can have a dialogue with the world and not be so stupid as to use the invulnerable magic of the Boxer Rebellion to resist foreign guns and cannons. We must eliminate the irrational factors of Chinese thinking through frank analysis. ”

In the end, Lu Xun concluded: "Hypocrisy, conservatism, and confusion are the three thieves of Chinese culture. ”

Song Xiaofei listened, and was the first to stand up and applaud Lu Xun's wonderful speech. Those who doubted that Lu Xun would be the vice minister of education at such a young age also closed their mouths, and the auditorium of Peking University burst into thunderous applause! (To be continued......)