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In the process of discussing the "survival and abandonment of brothels", Song Xiaofei found that the traditional concept of ethics still greatly influenced people's thinking at that time, which had advantages and disadvantages, the advantage was social stability, and the disadvantage was that it restrained people's creativity. Watermark Advertising Test Watermark Advertising Test (Pingnan.com) There are many people who regard the progress of technology as something that can exist without the emancipation of the mind, and Song Xiaofei feels that this is self-deception. In Song Xiaofei's view, the superstructure determines the productive forces, and the emancipation of the mind is the premise of the development of the productive forces. The Industrial Revolution in the West benefited greatly from the enlightenment of the humanistic spirit and the emancipation of human nature during the Renaissance movement.

From 1895 to 1903, China's economy had developed rapidly, economic reform had achieved initial results, and the government's annual revenue had increased from 70 million taels of silver to about 1.4 billion taels of silver. After discussing with Cai Yuanpei, President of Peking University, Yan Fu, Minister of Education, Rong Hong, President of the Senate, and Liang Qichao, Minister of Justice, Song Xiaofei decided to launch the "May Fourth" New Culture Movement in history in advance. So, on January 15, 1904, China welcomed two strangers: Mr. De and Mr. Sai. These two gentlemen from the West have become the most deeply rooted images of the Chinese Enlightenment, and they have lit a dazzling beacon for the Chinese people in the stormy dark night, illuminating the goal and direction of the Chinese spirit to move forward in the dark night.

With the support of Song Xiaofei, Liang Qichao hosted the new magazine "Young China", and impassionedly swore that Mr. De and Mr. Sai are the two ideals of the new trend of thought and the two goals of modern civilization. Song Xiaofei also personally wrote a speech for "Young China", in which he wrote enthusiastically: "Westerners support Mr. De and Mr. Sai. How much trouble and how much blood was shed did Mr. De and Mr. Sai rescue them from the darkness and lead them to the world of light, and our country wants to survive in the world. The personal politics of the bureaucracy that has been passed down for thousands of years will be abandoned. And easy to free national politics. It goes without saying that we need science in our material life; Even the spiritual life is dangerous without science. Both science and democracy involve a state of mind, a habit of behavior, and a way of life, and everything should be 'boldly assumed, carefully verified', and 'respectful of facts.' Respect the evidence'. There should also be a distinction between good and evil. Evil morality is false morality. For example, in feudal society, men's long braids and women's small feet should all be thrown away! Only democracy and science can save China and cure all the political, moral, academic, and ideological darkness in China. ”

Liang Qichao also wrote a majestic "Juvenile China Says", encouraging young people to pursue science and democracy: "Those who create today's boss China will also be the unjust cause of China's decay; The one who produces the young Chinese of the future. The responsibility of Chinese teenagers is also. What is the way of the old and decrepit? The day when he will say goodbye to this world is not far off, and my youth is new to the world. If the youth of the whole country is a teenager, then China will be the country of the future, and its progress will be immeasurable. So that the youth of the whole country is also the boss. Then China is the country of the past, and its demise can be waited for. Therefore, the responsibility today is not for others, but for my youth. The wisdom of the youth is the wisdom of the country, and the wealth of the youth is the wealth of the country; If the youth is strong, the country will be strong, and if the youth is strong, the country will be strong; The freedom of the youth is the freedom of the country, and the progress of the youth is the progress of the country; If the youth is better than Europe, the country is better than Europe, and if the youth is stronger than the earth, the country is stronger than the earth. The red sun is rising, and its path is bright. The river flows out of the subterranean and flows into the ocean. The hidden dragon soars into the abyss, and the scales and claws are flying. The milk tiger roars in the valley, and the beasts are terrified. The falcon tried its wings, and the wind and dust were blowing. The first child of a strange flower, the emperor. The cadres will be hairy, and there will be a man. The sky wears its firmament, the earth walks on its yellow, there are thousands of ages, and there are eight wildernesses. The future is like the sea, and the future is long. I am young in China, and I am not old with the sky; I am a Chinese teenager, and there is no boundary with the country! ”

For a time, domestic public opinion was completely new, and newspapers advocated "replacing religion with science" and "a scientific outlook on life." Some opponents of the New Culture Movement were sent to live in cattle sheds in the countryside by Song Xiaofei, including Gu Hongming, a professor at Peking University. For the people. With the early arrival of the Lord, Song Xiaofei was undemocratic again, and fired at feudalism, the patriarchal system, and the Three Platforms and Five Constants, expressing the country's support for the new cultural movement. However, Song Xiaofei did not completely deny traditional culture, and reserved some traditional rituals, the measure of testing is human nature, and all morality that conforms to human nature is preserved and encouraged, such as the custom of ancestor worship, which is a deep-rooted belief of the Chinese, and has not changed in the 21st century, which is also part of the culture of filial piety, and Song Xiaofei agreed.

At the inauguration ceremony of the statues of Mr. De and Mr. Sai of Peking University, the sky was cloudless, and under the open blue sky, the magnolia flowers on the campus were wafting with the fragrance of flowers, and Song Xiaofei delivered a speech entitled "An Era of Free Thinking" to more than 10,000 students of Beijing colleges and universities under the rostrum, encouraging the students' individual freedom, Song Xiaofei made a generous statement:

"The greatest suffering of this age is not the lack of materiality, but the loss of the spirit of free thinking, the silence or kitsch of the majority, the lack of recognition of the world of the individual, and the inability of the individual to freely acquire knowledge and pursue truth. This is why, in this era of great material abundance, we will feel the emptiness of the individual spiritual world, and this is why many of us young people talk about ideals and struggles.

Free thinking is a spirit of questioning and reflection. We believe that free thinking is the lowest need of people's spiritual world, just like when you are hungry, you need to eat, and when you are thirsty, you want to drink water. We believe that free thinking is the soil for the germination of individual consciousness. We believe that free thinking is the meaning of human existence in time and space.

We emphasize freedom because free access to knowledge is a prerequisite for the search for truth. We believe that truth is freely discussed by rational people, not by an authority. Authority is indispensable, but the worship of authority must be defeated.

We emphasize freedom because we believe that freedom is the universal law of nature. Just like every red leaf, every green bamboo, every bit of sunshine, only in the free mountains, it looks so beautiful.

We emphasize thinking because thinking is the only way to the kingdom of freedom. Barren land will produce embarrassing tragedies, but the spiritual wasteland is more terrible than barren land.

The reason why we emphasize thinking is because thinking is the inevitable choice to get rid of spiritual slavery, so that everyone can live in this world with dignity, let everyone become himself, and break the spiritual shackles imposed on him or by himself.

Thinking freely requires us to further emancipate our minds. Opposition is not reactionary, and we should allow different opinions to exist in this diverse world. And practice has shown that much of the progress in history has been driven by opposing voices.

Thinking freely requires us to be more realistic. We should go back to the problem and let practice really become the test of all truth. Then everything will change, and everything will not be too far away: including a prosperous, democratic, and civilized China.

It is precisely because of free thinking that we have held high the two banners of science and democracy and broken through the shackles of feudal thinking.

The question we are facing now is not whether the establishment of industry and commerce is a broad road or the root of all evil, but the market has unparalleled power in emancipating and developing the productive forces. The success of our economy depends on the happiness of the majority of people.

The problem we are facing now is not politics. Govern. Reform is urgent or gradual, but how our government can be more efficient. Can our government provide a stable living environment for the people, can it allow fairness and justice to be upheld in society, can it allow everyone who is willing to work to have a decent job, and can every family can live with dignity?

The question we are facing now is not whether traditional culture has given birth to modern civilization or is incompatible. What we need is a spirit that conforms to human nature, that everyone is equal in personality, and that human values can be realized. Our morality should be something that each of us can accept from the heart, rather than by indoctrination or coercion. ”

More than 10,000 students in the audience spontaneously applauded, and the applause resounded throughout the campus of Peking University, and Song Xiaofei finally concluded his statement: "A free and equal country cannot be built by a group of slaves, and the greatest evil in society is to destroy the individual's humanity and prevent him from developing freely." The social state has no free personality, just as there is no koji in wine, there is no yeast in bread, and there is no brain in man: there is absolutely no hope of improvement and progress in that kind of social state. Students, the world is yours and ours, but in the final analysis, it is yours. You young people are full of vigor and prosperity, like the sun at eight or nine o'clock in the morning. Hope is in you. The world belongs to you, and China's future belongs to you, so you must believe in the people. Lord, believe in science, believe in the existence of love and goodness, believe in the goodness of human nature, and eventually defeat evil! ”

"Good!"

"Good!"

"Good!"

The audience applauded, and the young students were enthusiastic. Song Xiaofei raised his hand to signal them to be quiet, and then said: "I once had a dream, to rebuild the president, rebuild the republic, and use strong ships and guns, tanks and submarines to guard the "Begonia" soil, so that 40,000 Chinese people can live with dignity!" This dream has now basically come true. Our population of China has reached 50,000 people, and no country dares to bully us Chinese at will, all unequal treaties have been abolished, Hong Kong, Macao, Ryukyu, Sakhalin, Nebuchu, we have all taken back, and the beautiful Lake Baikal has also become China's 'North Sea'. But I still have a dream, let science and democracy become the faith of the Chinese people, so that they can all live the decadent and depraved life of Tessie! This dream depends on the students! I believe that in the near future, this dream of mine will be realized! ”

Cai Yuanpei, president of Peking University, who was sitting on the rostrum, also took the lead in applauding. After that, at the strong request of his classmates, Song Xiaofei also interacted with the college students and answered their questions.