Chapter 283: The Outbreak of World War I
Because the domestic political environment was very stable, Hu Chuyuan visited Persia for a relatively long time, and had a lot of contact with the young King Ahmad.
A very important factor in choosing Prince Ahmet as the king instead of his brother Prince Mohammed Ali Shah is that Prince Ahmad is more pro-China, and many of his advisers are personally selected by Hu Chuyuan, and their abilities are also very good, enough to assist him in completing control of the country.
In this contact, Hu Chuyuan also had a close relationship with King Ahmad.
The Fukang consortium is a kind of long-term investment surname industrial consortium, in the case of Persia's own bourgeoisie is more mature, the capital market is more developed, the Fukang consortium will gradually cash out, Persia will still have its own central bank sooner or later.
After concluding his state visit to Persia, Hu Chuyuan's second stop was the Ottoman Autonomous State of Armenia.
The establishment of this autonomous state was almost entirely due to Hu Chuyuan.
It was Hu Chuyuan's strong personal insistence that the Ottoman Empire finally had to let the Armenians establish their own autonomous states, and from the beginning of the founding of the country, Hu Chuyuan continued to support them through the central political axe to stabilize the Armenians' own modern army construction.
The key to his doing this was to deal with Tsarist Russia.
He believed that only by fighting for themselves would the Armenians become the first iron gate against the Russian invasion.
In the past three years, China has sent more than 100 military advisers to Armenia to assist the Armenians in preparing for the establishment of army and militia units.
At a critical time, China was able to raise more than 300,000 troops in Armenia.
After that, Hu Chuyuan successively visited the Ottoman Empire and its Macedonian Autonomous State, Albanian Autonomous State, in the Albanian Autonomous State, Hu Chuyuan stayed for a relatively long time, according to the geological exploration information provided by the National Intelligence Agency, here has very high chromite and oil resources, but also has good copper resources, other resources are relatively lacking.
In fact, in the world, China's main export is not capital and technology, but joint ventures.
This agricultural business model, pioneered by Hu Chuyuan and Hu Dazong, can easily quickly improve the level of agricultural economic development in relatively backward areas, although the mountainous and hilly area occupies three-quarters of the country's area, Albania still has a good space for agricultural development.
In particular, it has a special similarity with Shandong Province.
Considering the unique geographical location of the Albanian Autonomous State, and the fact that the Ottoman Empire was simply unable to consolidate the Albanian Autonomous State, the Slavs, led by Seville, were organizing a new Balkan alliance at the instigation of Germany and Russia in an attempt to seize and carve up Macedonia from the Ottoman Empire.
The war had already reached the stage of a simmering situation, in order to avoid unnecessary repercussions on the Albanian Autonomous State, and also to prepare for the later entry of the navy into the Mediterranean.
After discussions with the Ottoman Empire, in Istanbul, Hu Chuyuan reached an agreement with the Ottoman Empire to officially replace the Ottoman Empire as the sole protectorate of the Albanian Autonomous State.
In Albania, Huchu Yuan and the king of the autonomous state, Guyoum Duwai, reached a new Sino-Arbanian Protection and Trade Agreement, spending £120 million in long-term aid to Albania and stationing a division in the port of Durrës to protect Albania from foreign encroachment.
As part of the agreement, Wells Fargo became the sole legal authority of the Kingdom of Albania to issue notes, performing the functions of the central bank, and Wells Fargo assumed 1 billion Chinese dollars of Albanian national debt for agricultural development and infrastructure construction.
At the end of July, Hu Chuyuan left the Balkans and officially returned to China on the Chinese Fifth Fleet, which was touring the Ottoman Empire, Greece, and Bulgaria during the same period.
In the past few years, the Chinese Navy has completed a new adjustment, except for the original Beiyang, Nanyang, and Pacific fleets, the rest of the fleets no longer have exact garrison areas, and the fifth and sixth new fleets have been set up in a unified manner.
At present, the Fifth Fleet is mainly stationed in Kuwait and Djibouti and is responsible for naval operations throughout the Indian Ocean region, and the Sixth Fleet is located in the Congo region and is responsible for naval defense in the South Atlantic region.
The scale of the Fifth Fleet and the Sixth Fleet is very large, with an average displacement of more than 150,000 tons, while the three major fleets of the headquarters are all about 200,000 tons.
If necessary, it will be reorganized in wartime, and will be temporarily added to a new combined fleet according to the defense area of each fleet, such as the Beiyang Combined Fleet and the Pacific Combined Fleet, and if it breaks out in a non-traditional sea power zone, it will be collectively called the Central Combined Fleet.
The Fifth Fleet appeared in the Mediterranean and Black Seas almost as the main lineup, with two newly commissioned Yizhou-class battleships, in addition to two Dreadnought-class battleships, two Yongzhou-class battleships, and four Weiyuan-class battlecruisers.
This powerful lineup is intended to deter the so-called Balkan Alliance...... Alliance, your mother's alliance, and then the alliance can kill you!
It's a time of madness.
Both Germany and Russia were shocked by China's move to set foot in Europe, especially Austria-Hungary, which successively increased its military budgets and began to increase the speed of ship construction on a larger scale, and Austria-Hungary even proposed a plan for four post-dreadnought-class battleships.
In March 1911, in response, Hu Chuyuan broke the conventional naming plan and formulated a new 30,000-ton King Kong-class battleship construction plan, and built four ships at a time, all of which were put into the Fifth Fleet.
The design displacement is 30,000 tons, the full load displacement will reach about 33,450 tons, the main gun caliber is 380mm, and the maximum speed is 24.5 knots.
This figure is basically the same as the Queen Elizabeth-class battleships that Britain is planning, and out of the traditional cooperation and the need to strengthen cooperation, after Hu Chuyuan decided on the plan, the Chinese and British Admiralty began to carry out urgent consultations.
In the end, the admiralties of the two countries reached a joint plan to secretly develop a 380mm caliber main gun, and the external government unanimously claimed that it was a 14.5-inch caliber main gun.
At the same time, the two countries continue to conduct close exchanges on key technologies such as steam turbine technology, central fire control technology, and radio communications, so as to ensure that the Queen Elizabeth-class battleships and Kong-class battleships can throw off Germany and Italy at the same time.
In order to meet the needs of the Ottoman Empire for a new generation of battleships, including the needs of Spain, Portugal, the Netherlands and other countries, the domestic military industry has been fully launched, and four Kongo-class battleships will be built at the same time.
In May, Morocco revolted against Sudan, and France, as a Moroccan guardian state, quickly sent troops to try to occupy Morocco.
Germany also sent its navy and army from Mauritania, and the two countries once again clashed militarily, and the European continent began to confront each other again.
The Moroccan incident was not over, and at the instigation of Russia, the Balkan alliance began to take the initiative to attack the Ottoman Empire, and the Ottoman Empire was forced to fight back, and the two sides fought in the Macedonian region.
The Ottoman Empire did not have a large development economically, but militarily, a new rectification was already carried out with the help of China, secretly having two divisions of mechanized troops.
In July 1912, the Balkan League suffered a heavy blow.
In mid-August, under Hu Chuyuan's telegraphic order, under the pretext of protecting interests in the Ottoman Empire, the main force of the Fifth Fleet of the Chinese Navy was stationed in Istanbul, accompanied by two marine divisions, to assist the Ottoman Empire in holding the strait.
In October 1912, the Ottoman Army, under the previous attack of two fully mechanized divisions, advanced to Thessaloniki, Greece, and fully occupied the regions of Macedonia and Thrace in Greece.
In November 1912, Greece unilaterally declared defeat and negotiated peace with the Ottoman Empire.
In December 1912, the Ottoman Army invaded Bulgaria, completely occupied the original Thrace region, and moved closer to the Bulgarian capital of Sofia.
In April 1913, under the pressure of China and Britain, the Balkan League was dissolved, Bulgaria admitted defeat, the Macedonian region owned by Greece and Bulgaria was divided into the Macedonian Autonomous State, and part of the islands in eastern Greece, including the islands of South Sporades, Chios, Lesvos and Thrace, were divided to the Ottoman Empire.
The annexation of the Thessaloniki and Mesta river basins to the Macedonian Autonomous State kept the territory of the Macedonian Autonomous State largely at the level it had before the Ottoman Empire and further separated Greece from the Ottoman Empire.
Relying on the Albanian and Macedonian Autonomous States, the Sino-British and Ottoman empires also separated Greece from the Balkans.
The region of Bodegretsa in Seville was ceded to the Autonomous State of Albania, leaving Seville completely deprived of its export sea, and the region of Ferraneh was ceded to the Autonomous State of Macedonia.
The situation in the world deteriorated further, and due to the defeat of the Balkan League, the Ottoman Empire also received a large amount of war reparations from the Balkan League, and the overall situation in the Balkans began to be clearly biased in favor of the Ottoman Empire, and Russia and Austria-Hungary stepped up their efforts to send troops to the Balkans.
In March 1914, when the situation had reached a point where it could not be eased at all, China, Britain, France, and the Ottoman Empire formally formed an alliance and concluded the Four [***] Treaty, Germany, Russia, Austria and Italy concluded an alliance, and included Bulgaria, Seville, and Greece, which had lost in the Balkan War, into the Allied Organization.
As a confrontation, the Entente included the Kingdom of Persia and agreed to the establishment of an autonomous state of Azerbaijani in the Caucasus.
On July 11, 1914, Seville made a surprise attack on the Ferragne region and the Macedonian Autonomous State in an attempt to regain lost territory.
The Macedonian Autonomous State and the Ottoman Empire sent troops to fight back.
On July 14, the Ottoman Empire and Seville officially declared war.
The First World War began.
There is no right or wrong in war, only endless benefits.
China, Britain, France, and Austria, as the world's largest old empires and colonial countries, that is, the so-called G4 organization, will inevitably encounter challenges from Germany, Russia, Austria, Italy and other countries.
On July 15, Russia declared war on the Ottoman Empire, and the Russian army officially rushed through the Caucasus and launched an attack on the autonomous state of Armenia.
On July 17, China, Britain, and France declared war on Russia in an all-out way, and Germany, Italy, Austria and other countries were forced to declare war on the Entente countries.
On July 17, 1914, World War I officially broke out.
(To be continued)