Ling Hongxun is an expert in civil engineering, a native of Changshu, Jiangsu, and he is an absolute bull in China's railway construction in this era.

Ling Hongxun graduated from Shanghai Industrial College in 1915, the predecessor of Shanghai Jiao Tong University. In the same year, he went to the United States to intern at the American Bridge Company and studied at Columbia University.

After returning to China, Ling Hongxun successively served as a professor, acting president, and president of Shanghai Jiao Tong University in the 20s; From the late 20s to the 40s, he successively served as the technical director of the Ministry of Railways and the Ministry of Communications; Longhai, Yuehan, Hunan-Hubei, Xianggui, Tiancheng, Baotian Railway or Section Engineering Bureau (Division) Director and Chief Engineer, Director of the Administration; Deputy Minister of Communications, Acting Minister of Communications, and Design Committee Member of the Central Design Bureau. Since 1929, he has presided over the construction of important trunk lines such as Longhai, Yuehan, Xianggui, Baotian, Tiancheng, Jinpu and Guangzhou-Kowloon Railways, and is responsible for the development of highways in the northwest region, becoming another pioneer in the construction of important railways by the Chinese people after Zhan Tianyou.

In Ling Hongxun's decades of railway construction, the most worthy of integration is the construction of the western section of the Longhai Railway through Tongguan and the Zhuzhou-Shaoguan section of the Guangdong-Hanzhou Railway.

The 456-kilometer railway from Zhuzhou to Shaoguan of the Guangdong-Hanzhou Railway has been suspended for 14 years and still cannot be connected because it has to cross the Wuling Mountains of Hunan and Guangdong provinces, the terrain is very complicated, and the project is extremely arduous.

By October 1932, following the Northeast 918 Incident, the army launched another one in Shanghai. In view of the needs of the 28th Incident, Ling Hongxun was appointed as the director and chief engineer of the Zhushao section of the Guangdong-Hanzhou Railway, and the deadline was to repair the section of the railway within four years. After his arrival, he personally presided over the selection of the route plan, repeatedly visited the site, and appointed an effective survey team to carefully survey the line.

The original line traces Wushui north from the Zhenshui Bridge north of Shaoguan, and the terrain becomes steeper and more curved after passing the Qimen. Ling Hongxun organized three survey teams to measure and compare repeatedly, and finally decided to use the Jinjiling Bangshi Line. The original survey of more than 70 tunnels by the British was reduced to 16, and the elevation of the lowest cross-ridge pass was also 18.30 meters lower than that of Liangdong Bay, and it was only 4 kilometers southwest of Liaojia Bay. This laid a good foundation for the early completion of this section of the railway.

At the time of construction, it was very difficult to transport materials because the cross-ridge road had not yet been built, and the line had to cross Baisha Water five times. Ling Hongxun decided to use local materials to construct five stone arch bridges at the same time, each with a span of 40 meters, which was the largest in China at that time, known as the five arch bridges, famous throughout the country. By April 28, 1936, this important section of China's north-south trunk line was finally completed and opened to traffic one year and three months ahead of schedule.

In addition, Ling Hongxun also conducted on-the-spot tests of the Sichuan-Kangding Railway (Chengdu-Kangding-Xichang), the Lanzhou-Ningxia Line, the Lanzhou-Xining Line, and the Gansu-Xinjiang Provincial Line (Lanzhou-Jiuquan--Orangutan Gorge--Hami--Urumqi--Wusu), and also inspected the Khorgos border.

In fact, there is one point that Ling Hongxun's achievements are not known to future generations, or that they are not valued by future generations, that is, Ling Hongxun not only attaches importance to scientific theoretical research, but also attaches great importance to the combination of scientific research and production.

During his tenure as president of Nanyang University of the Ministry of Communications, Ling Hongxun actively advocated the purpose of combining teaching and research, which was very beneficial to get rid of the ideological shackles of "Chinese sports and Western use", advocate science, and emphasize academics.

First of all, in accordance with the academic system and teaching plan of Western Polytechnic University, Ling Hongxun formulated a relatively complete and systematic curriculum and a relatively scientific and reasonable teaching plan during his tenure as president, which mainly includes: strengthening the foundation of physics and chemistry and strengthening the training of basic knowledge. For example, in the course of physics, he has set up a plan to increase the content by 33.3 per cent compared with the previous one. At that time, the number of design courses increased from one to five, and the distribution of the first to fourth academic years was carried out from shallow to deep, so as to ensure that students continue to receive training and cultivation of design ability; Emphasis on professional training, for example, in the fourth year of the railway machinery major, the main set up electric gas engine, railway mechanical engineering, locomotive planning, railway management system, plant planning, power plant, etc., can be described as a complete category.

Secondly, Ling Hongxun also attaches great importance to experiments and internships. Ling Hongxun fully realized the importance of these two links, so in the face of financial difficulties, he still did everything possible to expand the equipment and instruments for practice and experiments. Through rich and diverse forms of internship and experimental training, students not only consolidate their theoretical knowledge, but also greatly strengthen their practical and management skills.

At Jiaotong University, visiting is also an important part of teaching on a par with internships and experiments. To this end, proposed by Ling Hongxun, the Academic Council passed the "Student Visit and Travel Case", thus setting a precedent for organized and planned social practice activities.

The third is to promote academic research. From 1921 onwards, the school's scientific research began to rise, and the academic atmosphere suddenly thickened.

In June 1926, "in order to study advanced scholarship and promote scientific and technological experiments", Ling Hongxun planned to establish the Industrial Research Institute, which was the earliest engineering university research institute established in China. At the beginning of the establishment of the institute, due to the difficulty of raising funds and lack of equipment, Ling Hongxun appealed to the China Education Foundation for subsidies and raised 110,000 yuan. With this start-up fund, the scientific research activities of the university were carried out vigorously, and the experimental research projects commissioned by various public and private institutions in China were continuous, and the institute undertook them one by one, which was widely praised by all walks of life.

Between 1926 and 1936, the Industrial Research Department completed 38 projects, the Economic Research Department completed 16 research projects, and 1,500 tests of various materials commissioned by various sectors of society.

The Industrial Research Institute founded by Ling Hongxun has provided a new system for improving the quality and quality of engineering and technical personnel, and has also contributed to the institutionalization of scientific research in Chinese universities.

A major turning point in scientific research in Britain, France, Germany, the United States and other countries occurred in the forties of the nineteenth century, when some German universities pioneered research laboratories, and the institutionalization of German science was finally completed by the establishment of a modern scientific laboratory system in universities.

Under the guiding ideology of intensive academic research and auxiliary industry, each laboratory has successively used teaching to sign contracts with some factories to carry out some commodities, product surname testing and technical appraisal and other work. Scientific research and technology promotion work has gradually emerged, and it is said to be active, and it has also been widely recognized by the society.

For example, in 1926, he was commissioned by the funeral preparation office of Dr. Sun Yat-sen to conduct an analysis and comparative study of the surnames of several types of cement, stone and triple soil, which were used for the construction of the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum. It also cooperated with the Chinese Engineering Society to carry out product surname testing for Wuxi Linong Brick and Tile Factory. The chemical laboratory was commissioned by the Jiangsu Department of Industry to test whether the alcohol transported from Java could be mixed with national liquor to fill drinks. In the 30th anniversary of the founding of the school, an industrial exhibition was held, in addition to collecting Chinese and foreign machinery and instruments, a small railway was also laid around the campus, and several small carriages were pulled by small locomotives, and the number of visitors reached 20,000 or 30,000 every day, which was the first of its kind at that time.

Although Ling Hongxun served as the president of Jiaotong University for less than three years, he left an excellent academic style and school spirit to Jiaotong University. In order to thank him for his contribution to his alma mater, in the 21st century, his full-body portrait still hangs in the Bao Zhaolong Library of Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Taiwan's Chiao Tung University also named a building as the "Bamboo Inscription Museum" and an artificial lake as the "Bamboo Lake", and set up a special "Bamboo Inscription Memorial Room" in the library to display his writings, notes and various memorials, and cast bronze statues to erect in it.

If such a cattle man is not recruited, it will definitely be Song Zhewu's biggest loss.

Within the Industrial Construction Committee, there is also a resource exploration department, which focuses on concentrating its efforts on finding large-scale iron ores, copper mines, lead-zinc mines, and tungsten, antimony, titanium, rhenium, and other metal deposits in Taiyuan, Suiyuan, Inner and Outer Mongolia, and other places in a short period of time, so as to meet the needs of the military industry of the Fourth Route Army.

The director of the division is Sun Sirong, the deputy director and chief engineer is from Ningwu, Shanxi, graduated from the University of London with a major in mining, and is currently a professor at Shanxi University, Wang Xian, and the deputy chief engineer is Yan Xizhen, who graduated from the Akita Mining College.

Director of the Industrial and Commercial Finance and Taxation Commission, served by Qiu Zengyi, former director of the Shanxi Provincial Department of Finance; The director of the Culture and Education Committee is none other than Zhao Pilian, and the executive deputy director is Feng Sizhi, former director of the Shanxi Provincial Department of Education; The director of the Civil Affairs Committee is Qiu Yangjun, former director of the Shanxi Provincial Department of Civil Affairs.

It is worth noting that the establishment of the Agricultural Water Conservancy Committee shows that agriculture has been mentioned in a very important position by Song Zhewu.

The main task of the Agricultural Water Conservancy Committee is to vigorously popularize advanced agricultural technology in Taiyuan, Suiyuan, Inner and Outer Mongolia, reclaim wasteland, build water conservancy, and vigorously increase grain production.

Food is always the most important strategic material, not only the Shaanxi disaster at this time, in Song Zhewu's memory, in recent years, there have been several large-scale famines in China, countless dead, only he has more food, can help more people, but also attract more victims to Suiyuan and Waimeng Shibian, therefore, Song Zhewu will never ignore farming.

The director and chief agronomist of the Agricultural Water Conservancy Committee is Feng Rui, a doctor of agronomy from Cornell in the United States. The deputy chief agronomist is Zhao Chengxia, a graduate of Tokyo Agricultural University, that is, the nephew of Zhao Pilian who Song Zhewu met on the road when he went to Xihui to meet Feng Yuxiang.

The chief water conservancy engineer of the Agricultural Water Conservancy Committee is Cao Ruizhi, a native of Xiangfen and a master's degree in hydraulic engineering from the University of Wisconsin.

The director of the Industrial Promotion and Guidance Committee is Li Rujuan, who is still in Europe.

In Song Zhewu's plan, the modern industry in the area controlled by the Northern Frontier Governor's Office needs to be led by Xinghua, which is specifically controlled by Li Rujuan, and Xinghua is a model of modern industry, and it is only appropriate for Li Rujuan to serve as the director of this committee.

The Political Affairs Committee is headed by Jia Jingde, and the deputy directors are Zhao Pilian and He Qigong. Responsible for the management and supervision of all administrative ...... in all areas of the Northern Frontier Governor's Office

(To be continued)