Just after the New Year of the eighth year of Tang Wude, the age increased by one year again, and Zhang Chao, who was already eighteen years old, came to the Hope Academy in Chang'an. Then he walked into these academies and began to check on the students in this academy. These students are the cradle of their future, their future subordinates, and the talents who will influence the general trend of the world in the future. Even among these people there will be important subordinates in the future who will become his important assistants. And they are all the ones who have become the first line of battle against the nobles. However, when Zhang Chao came here, he saw these situations and immediately made him a little disappointed.

Zhang Chao saw that the students here were actually looking around during class, and he didn't seem to care. Moreover, it seems that many of them are absent-minded, and many of them are thinking in them. And these boys between the ages of eight and thirteen are also very good-natured, and obviously have no idea of being in a hurry. And this made Zhang Chao frown very much, because Zhang Chao was simply angry when he saw this style of study. The students in the Hope Academy are not very serious about their studies, obviously they can't make people feel their nervousness and urgency, and they seem to be very leisurely.

"Go and call the mountain chief of the Hope Academy!" Zhang Chao said.

The so-called mountain chief, that is, the leader of the ancient academy school, is equivalent to the principal or dean of later generations. And Zhang Chao saw that this Hope Academy had such a poor style of study, which made him very angry. So the first thing he did was to come over and hold this mountain chief accountable.

"Jiang Feng, this is also the Hope Academy you lead?" Zhang Chao asked.

And Jiang Feng said with some shame: "Zhang Yushi, I am also helpless, I don't know why, the children of the academy have also changed so much." They don't seem to be very keen on reading, and I don't know much about it. It was also the first time I had received the responsibility of this teaching college, so I had no experience. ”

And this time. A little Zhengtai, who was about eleven years old, took the initiative to say: "Mr. Zhang, it's not that our mountain chief doesn't do his best, he has tried his best." He really took great pains for us, not only did he take care of us in our daily life, but he begged a lot of people to get us enough delicious food for the sake of our children's food. You see. These are the things we eat. ”

This little boy is Li Yifu, an outstanding student in the Hope Academy, a person from Jiannan Dao, that is, a person from the Sichuan generation in later generations. However, he didn't stay long in Jiannan Road, in fact, strictly speaking, he was from Hebei, but he followed his grandfather, who was a petty official, to Jiannan Road. However, the Li Yifu family has declined, so it is considered a poor family. However, the scholars and the Hanmen. That's based on bloodline, not status, so even if Li Yifu becomes the prime minister, it's just a poor family.

Zhang Chao immediately asked, "Li Yifu, can you show me what you ate?" ”

Li Yifu took his rice bowl and showed it to Zhang Chao. And Zhang Chao looked at the food in this rice bowl, and his face frowned. Because these rice bowls not only have meat and vegetables in them, but also have an egg in them. And a sausage. If it were just this egg and sausage, it would be a very unusual meal even in the next life. The prices are relatively high, and they are all more luxurious. But when I got here, I actually gave these students a sausage and eggs, which was almost the same as my own seven-rank official. This is too extravagant, and it is actually given to students to eat these? It's not that Zhang Chao doesn't pay attention to these children, but he thinks that they shouldn't be given too good living treatment directly. Otherwise, they will all face pig farming.

"Is this something that every student can eat?" Zhang Chao asked.

Shan Changjiang Feng immediately said, "Yes, every student can eat these." This is what I have begged the merchants everywhere for them, and the merchants were only willing to fund some pen and paper, and even the books were borrowed temporarily, not given to us. But. I saw that everyone was a little thin because they were born poor, so naturally I chose to beg the merchants and give them some meat. We make sure that we eat meat at every meal, so that they are physically strong. ”

"And how are they doing?" Zhang Chao asked.

Jiang Feng's face turned red, and then he said: "Although some people were good at first, they became less and less interested in reading later, and they all seemed to like to play more." However, we didn't punish them, because according to Zhang Yushi's instructions, we can't beat them. ”

In order to protect these children, Zhang Chao did not let the teachers in the Hope Academy scold them, so that there was a lot less threat to these students. In the past, filial piety was paid attention to under the stick, and the teaching should be strict, and there were many students who mentioned various methods. Therefore, it is natural for teachers to physically punish students, so those teachers have absolute power in front of students. However, Zhang Chao adopted the method of later generations, forbidding teachers to punish students, so that they all felt very free. And this made Zhang Chao start to think in his heart, whether his education method is not very suitable for this era. Because the world is not advanced that is the best, only the most suitable is the best. There are many classic words in later generations, and the most recognized by Zhang Chao is the sentence "There is no best, only the most suitable", because if he adopts the punishment of students in later generations, it will leave a psychological shadow on the students. However, if they all let go, it won't work, because now they are all more at ease here, and obviously the teacher is not very good at deterring them.

"Come in with me, and I'll tell you how you should be educated next." Zhang Chao said.

Jiang Feng took the initiative to come in, and then the teachers of the whole school also began to listen to Zhang Chao's lecture. At present, this Hope Academy is funded by businessmen, and Zhang Chao will come over from time to time to supervise it and let them teach well.

"Everyone is in Chang'an, and they should have heard of it, and now the matter of the crown prince and the king of Qin in the court has become more and more intense, and the Shandong Shi clan and the Guan Long Shi clan have also begun to compete for power and profit. And at this time, they have no chance to pay attention to our cold door. And we should take advantage of this time to work hard to develop, develop our strength as soon as possible, and then unite more people to join us. We must take advantage of this time to lay the school in as many places as possible, as long as we can establish our own talent inheritance system as soon as possible. That time was our victory. We can only build it up as soon as possible, and that will lay the foundation for our victory. If we don't take advantage of the fact that the scholars have no time to pay attention to us as soon as possible, then we will inevitably face huge resistance if we want to establish our talent training body in the future. So, listen to our plan. ”

Zhang Chao took the initiative to introduce: "I plan to set up primary schools in each of our states and counties. An elementary school will be set up next week. Two in Zhongzhou and three in Shangzhou. In each province, a secondary school will be set up according to the plan. Whereas, primary schools are divided into junior elementary and upper elementary schools, and secondary schools are divided into junior high schools and high schools. Three years of study in junior primary school, three years in upper elementary school, three years in junior high school, and three years in high school. This is also the 12-year talent training plan, and after 12 years of talent training, it is the result of a large number of harvests. ”

And Jiang Feng immediately asked: "Zhang Yushi." Are you going to set up our own school system? ”

"That's right, it's about setting up your own school system. At present, we do not have a special academic system. Our current school system is based on the school system set by the teachers themselves, which is very detrimental to our large number of talents. What we need is to set up a talent cultivation process, and then let people go all the way, and finally the talent who can go through this process can also be formed. Zhang Chao said.

But Jiang Feng immediately retorted: "We should teach students according to their aptitude, but if it's like Zhang Yushi's method, wouldn't it be treating students as tools." Do you send them one by one? In this way, it is not conducive to teaching students according to their aptitude! ”

Zhang Chao listened to this. I couldn't help but smile wryly, teaching according to aptitude is the saying of the ancient Confucian sage, and teaching according to what he is good at. However, Zhang Chao's training system, which is like an assembly line, is actually completely like producing things, and many later generations of various primary, secondary and university training systems. Very criticized. This kind of training system, many people are saying that he is not able to teach students according to their aptitude, and the educational thinking is rigid, and it is even not conducive to the future development of students.

Of course, Zhang Chao knows that there are many criticisms about this assembly-line-like cultivation system. But there is a very important aspect of him that is impossible to ignore. This assembly-line approach to education can provide the lowest level of education and ensure that everyone has the right to education. First of all, he ensured the implementation of compulsory education, not the quality of teaching. This set of school system for later generations is to ensure compulsory education, and in order to allow as many talents as possible to get the opportunity to receive education, then there will be this set of school system. Although many people are scolding this school system, Zhang Chao knows that it is precisely because of this school system that many people have the opportunity to get an education.

This set of education pipelines is the most cost-saving and the most cost-effective mode to reduce education costs. Although it is said that there is a small class teaching, there is also some one-on-one teaching, which looks very good. Even Zhang Chao thinks that this kind of small class teaching and one-on-one teaching is actually more effective. However, it is not universal, but only suitable for the education of those elites. This assembly line education model, because of its relatively low cost, allows the state to ensure that the vast majority of people have access to education.

Just like human life, you must first ensure that you don't starve to death before you can aspire to eat well. If you don't even eat enough, you just think about what bird's nest abalone dragon liver and phoenix brain to eat, isn't this sick? In later generations, many so-called "brick families" and "beasts" also advocated small class teaching and one-on-one teaching, which was definitely a brain water. You must know that in later generations of China, the country's agricultural population was still the vast majority. These people are financially poor and cannot afford to pay for their children's education. In later generations, there are still many people who can't even pay for the living expenses and textbooks of compulsory education, and the cost of asking them to provide one-on-one teaching and small class teaching is not crazy?

Therefore, those models of small class teaching and one-on-one teaching can only be applied to those who are wealthy and have certain economic conditions. However, such people are very few even in the Hereafter, and there are not many people who can afford such expenses. Zhang Chao does not deny that Confucius, who proposed to teach students according to their aptitude, was a great educator, but in terms of education, it is often necessary to compromise with reality. The idea of teaching students according to their aptitude is good, but the cost is too high for everyone to provide.

And this kind of small class teaching, one-on-one teaching, that has to wait until the productivity increases dramatically. When productivity is enough for the vast majority of people to take a break from production to live. If productivity is not reached, then it is definitely not possible to fully popularize small class teaching or even one-to-one teaching. Not to mention that the Tang Dynasty wanted to achieve this, even later generations of China could not achieve it. Therefore, although the ancient education model emphasizes teaching students according to their aptitude, it is only an elite education.

"Everyone. In our approach to education, there are two models. One is elite education, which is an educational method that is specifically prepared for those elites. Only a small number of wealthy and intelligent people in the family can enjoy it. And you know that what you are talking about is to teach according to one's aptitude, and that must be done by people who have money and leisure time. Therefore, those who can be rich and idle are nothing more than high-ranking officials and nobles. Therefore, if you want to use this method to educate poor students, you are putting the cart before the horse. ”

"What we need to do is to try to get as many people as possible, and then try to give more people the opportunity to learn, rather than concentrating resources on a small number of people. Do you know why the nobles were able to deify themselves and then deceive the people? Isn't it just bullying the people for not being educated, and then whatever the scholars say, is it what? What we have to do is not only to provide reserve strength for our future, but more importantly, to dispel the so-called myth of the noble and inviolable bloodline. We are to let the people know what to learn. Then they will have their own thoughts. If we concentrate the so-called knowledge in the hands of a small number of people, then we will eventually defeat a group of scholars. Or will it be interesting to raise a group of scholars again? ”

Zhang Chao doesn't want to defeat a group of scholars, and then help a group of scholars out again, so is it interesting for Zhang Chao to do this? Therefore, what Zhang Chao wants to do is to popularize education, not to use any favored elites to teach in a targeted manner. What Zhang Chao wants to do is to popularize culture and let the people realize that the scholars are not sacrosanct people. As long as there is culture. That means that they can obtain enough cultural foundation so that they can open their eyes to the world, so that they will not limit their gaze to that one acre and three points of land, and think that the scholars are all sacred and inviolable noble bloodlines.

However, if the popularity of learning is not high, then this will inevitably lead to the overthrow of a group of scholars. Then the new literati will use their knowledge to continue to fool the people, and then they will not be able to achieve true liberation. Therefore, Zhang Chao thinks that it is not an elite education, but a popular education. The first thing Zhang Chao has to think about is not to carry out targeted education for some senior talents, but to choose to cast a wide net and then let those talents stand out on their own. Zhang Chao can only guarantee the minimum level of education, and then ensure that they can get the minimum education, as for whether they can become talents in the future, it depends on their own efforts, as well as a bit of illusory luck. Zhang Chao only built a stage for them, but what kind of drama they can sing is their own business.

"Although it is a good educational method, Confucius is also very responsible for students and thinks about their future prospects. But the moon said that there is no price, that is, a teacher cannot teach too many students, which will be a waste. And the so-called master leads the door, and the cultivation is individual, so we can't expect teachers to be able to teach every student. We must not blindly pursue the educational methods of Confucius, but more often than not, we have to face the reality of our reality. At present, our productivity is not enough to support this aptitude, so we have to compromise with our current productivity. What we can do is not to give the best education to one student, but to make everyone have access to the same educational resources, and then let them compete. Otherwise, they will all be like spoiled children, and they will definitely fail in the end. Although our method seems to use children as tools, it can allow more people to have the opportunity to read and more people to receive the same education. And I believe that as long as the base of education is large enough, then we will inevitably be able to select excellent talents from them. ”

"People must first improve themselves, and then others will be able to help you. You are so fond of these children now, it will not only increase our costs, but will also make them develop the problems that only those nobles have. Those scholars were born in privileged families since childhood, and then they were served by their parents and family members since they were children, and then everything was arranged by others with the help of others, and they had no worries about food and clothing. And what they have to do is to be ready to become officials through the privileges of the nobles, and then fight for the interests of their own families. And they all provided them with food and clothing through a large number of tenant farmers on the land. And these are all things that they get naturally. ”

"And how can we, the students, live a carefree life? How can we enjoy our education and eat and drink at no cost? They should know what their duty is, to fight for the interests of our poor families, for the interests of those of us who have been excluded by the nobles. If they enjoy such a carefree life, they can only raise a large number of fat pigs that are lazy and lazy in the end. Therefore, if you educate them in this way and pamper them so much, you will harm them in the end. So, tell them that in the future, we will be divided into primary and secondary schools, and after the completion of junior high school, there will be a knockout exam. Only after passing the exam can you enter the upper primary school. After three years of high school, they will also have to undergo an elimination exam, and if they can't be assessed, they will be eliminated. After three years of junior high school, when you enter high school, you will also be eliminated. After high school, we can consider giving them the option to take the imperial examination, or as an important senior teacher as a supplement. And every time it is eliminated, it is 50 percent, that is, half of the people will be eliminated after the next level. ”

And Jiang Feng immediately asked: "What should we do with the eliminated students?" Could it be that they have been studying for nothing for so many years? ”

"How can it be for nothing? As long as you can finish the three years of junior high school, according to the curriculum, you should also be a person who knows basic arithmetic and some writing foundations, and can be regarded as a person who knows all the commonly used words. With all this, are you afraid that you won't find a suitable future? Zhang Chao asked rhetorically.

Jiang Feng was speechless, because in the current era when the literacy rate is very lacking, if he can complete the three-year junior primary school plan according to what Zhang Chao said, he can learn the so-called common Chinese and mathematics, and be able to write ordinary simple articles, and there is no shortage of daily culture. On the other hand, you can also learn mathematics, and there is no shortage of daily life and various abilities. Therefore, everyone also thinks that people who can find a good livelihood, and even those who can read and understand the basics of arithmetic are all high-level talents. A junior high school education, then in this era is completely a high-level intellectual, will you still be afraid that you will not find a suitable high salary?

What Zhang Chao wants to do is to popularize education, so that education can go to the homes of ordinary people, rather than pursuing any elite education. Elite education actually has many disadvantages, it can lead to either being very literate or being illiterate. There is a trend towards polarization in the spread of culture, which is only conducive to the generational rule of those high-level rulers, and not to the general people to the ruling class. Therefore, if you want to crack the Shi clan and truly eradicate the living soil of the Shi clan, universal education is necessary. And it is necessary to break the concept of teaching students according to their aptitude, so that everyone can accept this assembly line model of education. Although this kind of education may not be able to teach high-level talents, it can ensure that as many people as possible have the opportunity to receive education. In this way, the normal flow of the ruling class in a country can be maintained, and there will be no long-term solidification and decay. The scholars are faced with a long-term family rule, which has caused a process of self-decay. Therefore, the education system that Zhang Chao wants to establish is to maintain the process of mobility of the ruling class, and to open up a process that can flow with each other. And this process must first start with the model of solving the elite education. (To be continued......)