As a result, "The Righteousness of the Five Classics" became the most standard textbook at that time. In the Tang Dynasty, there were two kinds of students who participated in the imperial examination, one was to study in the school (official school, the Tang Dynasty was not allowed to set up private schools), and the other was to study at home.

In the first half of the Tang Dynasty, people attached great importance to the students of Guozijian, if it were not for the students of Guozijian, they were also looked down upon after Dengke, and after the middle of the Tang Dynasty, due to the gradual abandonment of Guoxue, they began to pay attention to "Xianggong".

In the Tang Dynasty, there were schools at the central and local levels, and the highest institution of learning in the central government was called Guozijian, and Guozijian set up a Guozijian sacrificial wine, which was equivalent to the president of a university. Guozijian's students were able to take the imperial examination after graduation, and the early Tang Dynasty students Guo Yuanzhen, Chen Ziang, Li Hua and others were all promoted by Guozijian's imperial students. In the Tang Dynasty, the imperial examination was divided into tribute and system.

Let's talk about tribute first. In the Tang Dynasty, there were many subjects, such as: there were Xiucai, there were Ming Jing, there were Junshi, there were Jinshi, there were Taoist Juju (not to test the Confucian classics, to test the Taoist classics, this is much more open than the Ming and Qing Dynasties), there are children (under the age of ten Ming Jing, "supernatural powers") and so on, and there are a lot, so I won't write it.

Although there were many cocoa woods, only the "Ming Jing" department and the "Jinshi" department were valued by scholars at that time. At that time, there was a saying called "Thirty old Ming Jing, fifty young Jinshi", which means that Jinshi is not easy to test, and Ming Jing is easy to test.

First of all, let's talk about the content of the exam, the Ming Jing is mainly to memorize by rote, as long as you are not a fool, memorize things∑ long ∑ style, ∑ literature and ∑ learning, √. ★x.net, as soon as you answer in the examination room, you will clear the customs, which is easier to test; It is to jump out of the Confucian classics with a few words and give you an empty space. Let you fill in the blanks, this one is easy to answer. But it is not the main one, the main thing is another part of the five ways of current affairs.

As the name suggests, it is to write an opinion on the municipal administration at that time and the handling of the opinions, which can best connect with reality and best examine the level of candidates, but the results are often very unsatisfactory.

During the period of Tang Wenzong, the eunuchs were in power, and Emperor Ping, there was a candidate named Liu Ben, who wrote a sprinkling current policy. Attacking the eunuch dictatorship at that time, the chief examiner was afraid of offending the eunuch and did not dare to admit Liu Ben. However, some articles with mediocre demeanor and stability are favored by the examiner, which cannot but make people feel the atmosphere. Later, Jinshi added a test for poetry, which is also a reason why there were many famous poets in the Tang Dynasty.

At the same time, the admission rate of Jinshi was extremely low, with an average of only thirty or forty people at a time in the Tang Dynasty, and in some years, there was no Jinshi examination. Or only one person is promoted, the champion must be secure, no one fights with him, the year with the most Jinshi is Tang Gaozong Xianheng four years 79 people.

Relative to the Jinshi acceptance rate of one or two percent. The admission rate of the Ming Jing course is 10 times that of the Jinshi course, and the average number of students is 112 per session. The Jinshi examination is difficult and has a high threshold. The acceptance rate is low and the number of admissions is low. The gold content is large, so it goes up to the emperor. From the middle to the scholars, down to the common people are very respected.

In the Tang Dynasty, the people who were recommended to Chang'an to take the examination were called lifters, which were different from those who took the township examination in the Ming and Qing dynasties. The states send people to Chang'an to take the exam, called "solution", and the first place on the release list is called "solution", which is not for nothing, and must go through the examination, such as the solution of the yuan in later generations.

The examination room is called "lifting", the candidates respect each other as "Xiucai" (different from the Ming and Qing dynasties), the state and county send the candidates to participate in the examination called "Xianggong Jinshi", before the exam, the candidates visit the power, sponsor themselves, called "joints", the candidates tout each other and call "back" (this is very human), before the exam, the candidates chant poems together, called "private examination", the same year and the first is called "the same year", the examiner is called "the master", he calls himself "protégé", Jinshi and the first, the first name is "Zhuangtou", also called "champion". …

Jinshi and the first name "Denglongmen", the new middle school Jinshi held a banquet in the apricot garden called "Tanhua Banquet", after the banquet, the name is written on the wall of the Big Wild Goose Pagoda of Ci'en Temple, called "the name of the Wild Goose Pagoda", it is also a way to leave a name through the ages, after the "test", a banquet is held in the Qujiang Pavilion, called "Qujiang Conference",

It is also called "Wenxi Banquet", because after this banquet, the new science and technology scholars will go to various places as officials, so it is also called "leaving the meeting". The great poet Meng Jiao of the Tang Dynasty once wrote the poem "After Dengke", "The spring breeze can get a horseshoe disease, and once you can see all the Chang'an flowers", this state and today's admission to Tsinghua University and Peking University have a fight, if it is an ordinary university, it is another matter.

According to historical records, there was only one Jinshi and the first in some years in the Tang Dynasty, of course, he must be very happy, the champion won steadily, however, it is estimated that what "Tanhua Banquet", what "Ci'en Temple Inscription", what "Qujiang Conference", no one to accompany him to make trouble, I think he will also be very depressed,

It doesn't matter if there is one more companion? (Deeply sympathetic, victory is good, but it's very lonely) By the way, let's talk about the chief examiner, at first it was the official examiner Wailang (deputy director), and later the emperor thought that the official was too small to hold the scene, so he changed it to the Ministry of Rites (Deputy Minister of Rites).

The imperial examination is not simple, when the Jinshi and the first and today's college entrance examination have a similar point, after the college entrance examination to go to college, not including distribution, you have to find a job yourself, Jinshi and the first may not be able to be an official, but also through the official examination, called the "Guan Examination", only this examination can be an official.

Don't think that the Jinshi have been admitted, the "Guan Exam" is just a form of walking, then it is wrong, the "Guan Exam" is not passable, you are only eight buckets high, and you don't want to be an official when you are full of economy, why, it is so stipulated.

Comrade Han Yu, a great writer of the Tang Dynasty who enjoyed a high reputation, was not able to pass the "Guan Examination" three times after participating in the "Guan Examination", and he was clothed for ten years, which shows that the "Guan Examination" is not a joke. "Pass test" includes four contents, one is to look at the appearance, handsome or not, handsome pass, ugly stay, this is born, there was no plastic surgery at that time

No one can change it, there is a saying called "people can't look good", so I think this content is unreasonable, the reason why I say this is not because of my crooked melons and cracked dates, but for those strange-looking brothers who are unhappy (it is estimated that Comrade Zhu Yuanzhang came to take the exam, and he had to hang it at the first level, and there was a portrait as evidence). Second, the test is how eloquence is, whether the speech is fluent, whether the words are correct or not, and whether the cavity is round?

This is a bit unfair to candidates in the dialect area. After all, even if you say that the sky is falling, the examiner is said to be a dragon and a phoenix in the world. People don't understand it, and it's all in vain. Three books, this has no genetic differences, and there are no regional differences, as long as you work hard, write a handsome regular script,

You can pass the test, I think this is quite fair, if you write very beautifully, get the emperor's favor. Congratulations, you're not far from soaring. Fourth, it is said that the judgment is to examine the actual ability to handle government affairs, this is a must test, if you do not pass the test, you will not be able to become an official if you are killed.

Well, after the assessment of the above four levels of the ministry, if you have good genes, it is not a dialect area. If you practice calligraphy diligently since childhood, and your ability is still passable (not too bad), then you will have complete merit and everything will be fine. Wait for the ministry to give you an official. But the expectations should not be too high, the official is not big, and the grade is not high. Generally, it is sent to a county to be an assistant to the county order, the county officer, the main book, and the like.

Nevertheless. After all, he is also a regular civil servant of the state, and he has a salary guarantee. For poor students, it is a major turning point in life, and the glory of the ancestors does not say (no matter how bright the face of the ancestors, they can't enjoy any benefits, and the benefits are still their own), and they can say goodbye to the hoe field for the rest of their lives, and they can eat fragrant and drink spicy. …

In the face of future generations, you can also proudly say, think about how radiant Lao Tzu was in the examination room, with a big stroke of the pen, a wave, one stroke, one fell swoop, named the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, famous for eternity, at the end, in the tone of the past to admonish the descendants, you don't embarrass Lao Tzu and me. Moreover, those who are in the rank and the first rank have a high chance of promotion, and if they mix for decades, they can't be the prime minister, and it's no problem to retire with three or four grades.

Dengke's buddies are proud, and they can't forget those friends who praised each other before the exam, and didn't Dengke, and told the saddened buddies with excitement, "Don't be discouraged, don't be sad, life is heroic, it's a big deal to start over,

I have always been very accurate in looking at people, and my brother will definitely be able to go to high school next year. For this kind of words, only a few people who really have a vision (this kind of person is rare, it is lucky to meet one in a lifetime, it doesn't matter if you don't know, you must not let go of it, this is also a way to succeed) to say it, the rest are all farting, next year in high school, it is easy to say, next year is not necessarily not the exam. Even if you really take the test,

The examination room is impermanent, how can you guarantee that you will be able to win, unless you are an unpredictable prophet, but Zhuge Liang in the Three Kingdoms is mythologized by the author, and the real Zhuge Liang's ability is outstanding, but he does not necessarily have the ability of an unpredictable prophet.

No, you're embarrassed to find the benevolent brother who spoke, sue him, that's what you said, if you don't say that I'm going to be in the middle this year, don't say that this guy has already gone to the ends of the earth to become an official, even if you are very fated and meet again, you just said what you just said, it's strange that people don't shoot you with bricks, you don't fight and rely on me, you can't kill you and count your fate.

So in the end, this kind of talk is fart. When you have to speak, you say less, and when you have to listen, your left ear listens, and your right ear rises. However, sometimes this kind of thing has to be said, if everyone says it, if you don't say it alone, people should think that you don't pay attention to yourself, and it's not worth it to complain in vain.

After all, the mountains do not turn around, the sky does not turn around, the buddies jump to the dragon gate in a certain year, everyone is an official in the same dynasty, and it can be regarded as an acquaintance, take care of each other, support each other, no one can lose anyone, get promoted together, make a fortune together, and then go to pick up girls together.

Compared with the first student's "dragon gate", the unsuccessful students can only be "playing lanterns", playing lanterns at night, studying hard, and the word "lonely" can well describe these "lantern" students.

Setbacks are a good thing for life, and setbacks are great things for the lives of people who want to do things. I always believe that those students who have fallen behind have survived the initial decadence, and after day and night of hard thinking, they make up for their own shortcomings, eliminate the flaws in their character, and then get back on their feet.

Yes, the failure of the scientific expedition has made them grow and made them understand the connotation of being human more. From the initial nobody, I have learned to be humble; from the initial arrogance to respect; From a teenager who doesn't know the difficulties of the world to a young man who struggles for life.

But because they are readers, because they have read books, they choose to be strong in the face of hardships and hardships; In the face of the injustice of reality, they dare to speak the truth; In the face of national confines in crisis, they dare to stand up. Yes, it's called the festival. and Tao Yuanming is not for five buckets of rice, which is as admirable; and Su Wu shepherding sheep for nineteen years. Just as worthy of respect.

Generations of Chinese intellectuals, from Qu Yuan to Lu Xun. Constantly interpreting his own legend, and then. Silently, China's unique culture brought them together and forged the soul of the Chinese nation.

The imperial examination in the Tang Dynasty had a special feature, candidates not only had to pass the exam, but also had to be recommended by a celebrity, who could be a great official or a famous poet. …

Often on TV, novels, and dramas, I see the scientific research fraud cases of later generations, and I am cautious about implication. While feeling sorry for Tang Bohu, he often imagined that if Tang Bohu lived in the Tang Dynasty, that kind of situation would not have occurred, and he could openly and openly visit the big officials and great poets in broad daylight, and then get their recognition and recommendation, and with Brother Bohu's talents, he would definitely be able to go to high school. Mix a champion and glorify your ancestors.

Candidates took their proud works and walked under the door of the minister, which was called "throwing papers", those who voted to the Ministry of Rites were called "public papers", and those who voted to dignitaries were called "line papers". There is nothing wrong with the fact that the paper is protected by the state system. Bai Juyi, a great poet who enjoyed a great reputation in the Tang Dynasty, used the poem "Xingjuan", which is now known to women and children. He was highly praised and recommended by Gu Zheng, and his reputation was great. Prestige, high school in one fell swoop.

Of course. There is also no shortage of people who deceive and deceive the world and steal their reputation. In the Tang Dynasty, Li Bo was appointed as the assassin of Qizhou, and there was a student surnamed Li who came to the scroll, we called it "Li Sheng", it happened that Li Bo was sick, and Li Sheng handed over his masterpiece to Li Bo's son, and Li Bo was surprised to say: "Isn't this my poem that year?" The next day, Li Bo's son chatted with Li Sheng and asked, "Are these works made by Mr.?" ”

Li Sheng swore and said: "Of course, this is my life's work, it has taken a lot of effort, I dare not lie." Li Bo's son said: "Sir, don't lie to me, this is my father's work when he was in the civil war (scientific examination)." ”

After hitting the muzzle of the gun, Li Sheng was very depressed, this is the case, he had to tell the truth, so he honestly confessed: "More than 20 years ago, I spent 100 yuan to buy it from a stall, and I didn't know that it was an adult's book, and it made such a big joke. ”

When Li Bo heard about it, he laughed and said: "This is an incompetent person, just cheating and cheating, there is no need to worry about him." ”

Li Shengtian really didn't have the face to stay here any longer, ready to leave, Li Bo's illness had also recovered, and he came out to see him off, Li Shengtian said shamelessly: "I have taken the masterpiece, between the scroll and Jianghuai, it has been more than 20 years, and it is really a blessing to see the demeanor of the adult today." ”

The proper advantage of sycophants is not to say anything about plagiarism. Li Bo said: "Those are what I did when I was young and didn't understand the world, I was full of ambition for the future, and I imagined my ideals, and now I'm old, as a state pastor, it's useless to keep these poems, and it's too hard to wipe my buttocks, so I'll give it to you." ”

Li Sheng didn't expect that Li Bo would give the poem to himself, and took the poem from Li Bo's hand, without any shame on his face. Li Bo asked, "Where is Mr. going?" Li Sheng said with confidence: "Go to Jiangling and visit my cousin Lu Shangshu." ”

"Cousin Xian, who is the official?" "Jingnan Jiedu envoy is also!" "Oh, what's the name?" "Minghongxuan." Li Bo suddenly realized: "Sir, it's wrong again, Lu Shangshu is my cousin." Once again, Li Sheng was no longer calm, his face was red like a monkey's buttocks, he didn't know what to say, he only blamed himself for being too back, what he hadn't encountered for more than 20 years has happened today.

Seeing Li Sheng walk out, Li Bo was very angry, so angry that he couldn't strangle him, and then threw him into the toilet, sighing, "There are still such people in the world." ”

It's not that the forest is big and there are all kinds of birds, but that there are many birds and there are all kinds of trees! Scholar gangster Li Sheng, with a little cleverness, but no great wisdom, eating and drinking, mixing around, being exposed by others, is a matter of time, the only thing he earns is the rations that his family has saved for more than 20 years, if he studies hard for more than 20 years, his achievements may not be under Li Bo, hey, he has chosen the road of gangsters,...

All his life is just a gangster! The students who have fallen behind can review for a year, and take the college entrance examination in the coming year, and the elites who pass the "pass test" of the official department are assigned to various places as officials, and they all have their own goals, however, the most embarrassing ones are those students who have not passed the "pass test" after entering the department.

Like Comrade Han Yu, don't Comrade Han Yu cry? It's not just you, what, why do you say we want to take you as a model, this question is easy to answer, because you are famous, so we take you as a model, what, you say that it is not a good thing to be famous...... There is no need to review, because you have already passed the college entrance examination.

But there is nothing to do, because there is no pass guò "off the test", there are three ways to go, first, continue to take the test, when it will pass, it's hard to say; second, to go to various places to make them staff members, so as to obtain the qualifications of state officials; Third, participate in the system. Comrade Han Yu later chose the second path.

Now let's focus on the third way. The system is also called the edict, and the system is a special department set up by the emperor for the selection of "extraordinary people", and the department is set up at any time, with many names. The most common ones are the virtuous and good Fangzheng department, the outspoken and extremely admonitive department, the erudite macro diction department, the able to speak directly and the diction and the literature and garden department.

The system of Dengke, generally the official position is higher than the "customs test" of the Jinshi Dengke, particularly excellent, the emperor particularly values will be subject to the "beautiful job", the beauty of the job here does not refer to the big profits, fast money, but the official position is important, the promotion opportunity is large, and the emperor has more contact. Many famous ministers and great poets in the Tang Dynasty were first enrolled in the Jinshi or Ming Jing Departments, and then they were promoted to the first. (To be continued......)