Chapter 348: Blitz Poland
At 12 o'clock in Hanjing time, the command center of the Chinese Ministry of National Defense.
No matter what time it is, 365 days a year, it is on duty 24 hours a day, and there is no rest at all. National defense cannot be slackened for a moment.
In the command center, quite a few people had already gathered, and many high-ranking generals of the Wehrmacht were present. But they only bring eyes and ears, and they only come here to hear and see, and they don't have to worry about anything else.
After greeting everyone, Chen Shao sat in front of the giant monitor and asked Cai Ye next to him: "Songpo, have the Germans started?" ”
"It's six o'clock in the morning Berlin time, and it's already started according to the Germans' plan." Cai Yi looked at the time and said.
"Any progress will be broadcast at any time." Chen Shao thought for a while and asked, "The Japanese are almost ready!" ”
"According to the intelligence, they have been prepared, the Japanese combined fleet has arrived in the waters of Cam Ranh Bay, and the battle will start soon."
"Then let's take a good look at how powerful this first wave of offensive really is. Look at how others are attacking, think about it, put you in a defensive position, how to resist the opponent's attack, or how to counterattack. Chen Shao said to the senior officers in the command center.
With the more powerful aircraft and tanks, the mode of war in World War II was completely different from that of World War I. The Chinese armed forces were the first to come into contact with the concept of modern warfare and have also experienced the tests of the battlefield. But it is not a bad thing to learn more, see more, and learn more about other countries.
The weather in Europe these days created good conditions for the German offensive, and Poland in good weather the terrain was very suitable for mobile warfare, not only with vast plains, but also with few natural barriers, and the only rivers that could hinder the German army dropped sharply because of the summer, and during this period, the Vistula, the largest river in Poland, could even be directly waded in any place. On the other hand, if it rains heavily, the already poor road conditions in Poland will turn into a swamp and the ground will become very sticky. The terrain of Poland not only did not cause difficulties for the German army, but its geographical position was extremely unfavorable.
Poland's long national border of about 5,600 kilometers, of which 2,000 kilometers was in the west and north of Germany, and 300 kilometers in the south after the Munich Conference, which also meant that Poland was surrounded by Germany on three sides, especially if the Polish army deployed closer to its borders, the German army could encircle the salient from either direction after the outbreak of war.
In the command center of the Chinese Ministry of National Defense, Cai Ye gave Chen Shao a detailed introduction to Germany's deployment.
"The Germans planned the operation and made full use of its superiority, and divided the army into three directions - west, north, and south to attack Poland, which was carried out by two army groups, and the two spearheads of the attack would form two huge offensive encirclements, and the main Polish forces would be encircled and annihilated west of the Vistula. The operation was expected to begin hostilities immediately before the declaration of war and was actually commanded by the Commander-in-Chief of the Army, von Murphy. Senior General Brauchitsch was in charge.
Army Group South: Commanded by General Lendest, it was the main attacker and attacked from the borders of German Silesia, Moravia, and Slovakia.
Army Group North: led by Von. General Pock commanded, served as an assist, and launched an attack from German East Prussia.
Army Group C: Led by Feng. General Rib commanded the Western Front to defend against a possible attack by Britain and France, with 22 divisions, mostly in reserve, which, according to Halder, could only handle tasks such as "collecting duties."
Germany also left 14 divisions of reserve troops to deal with contingencies. ”
"How's the troop allocation?" Chen Shaodao.
"Army Group South has 26 divisions and about 880,000 men, and Army Group North has 16 divisions and about 630,000 men. Eighteen of these divisions were fast units with the strongest combat effectiveness. Cai said.
That is, in order to deal with Poland, the Germans dispatched 1.5 million men. What a big deal! Chen Shao said.
"It's really a big deal, plus the Soviet offensive troops, just the Polish troops of more than a million points, I don't think it will be able to support it for even a month. It will be drowned by the Soviet-German troops, and the best result will be all captured. Cai said.
"You are so sure that Germany can wipe out Poland in a month." Chen Shao knew that the Soviet Union and Germany attacked Poland in the future, and it took more than a month to completely wipe out Poland. However, the Soviet Union and Germany here are much stronger than later generations, on the other hand, Poland has no improvement, and it is not much different from later generations, and it is even more vulnerable in front of the Soviet Union and Germany.
As early as the Weimar era in Germany, the Polish army was scheduled to cooperate with Britain and France to fight against Germany, and the main idea was to actively attack eastern Germany. Germany's response was to fight on the inside line, luring the Polish army into and encircling and annihilating it, such as the Battle of Tannenberg in World War I. However, as Germany became stronger and stronger, the Polish high command also recognized the initiative and returned to the hands of the German army, and began to draw up a plan with defense as the main axis. Because of its previous pro-German foreign policy, it was not until March 1939 that the Polish army regained its awareness of Hitler's threat and drew up a battle plan, the "Western Plan." The content was mainly defensive, focusing on sticking to Poland's densely populated, resource-rich, industrialized western territories (this was a political decision), and waiting for the Allies on the Western Front to launch an attack on Germany, and in the areas that needed to be defended, the Polish army focused on the corridor and Danzig, because Polish politicians believed that the Germans might occupy these disputed territories, and then used military strength as a bargaining chip to renegotiate with Britain and France, and finally signed a compromise peace treaty.
The Western Plan spread the Polish army along the German-Polish border, and the forces were so scattered and lacking good defensive positions that it was easy for the Germans to encircle and annihilate them from the flanks. Such a plan, in Chen Shao's opinion, is an extremely stupid plan, and it is completely looking for death. However, he also understood that this could not be blamed on the Polish army, sometimes the vision and pattern determined a lot of things.
"According to my estimates, if the Germans had begun to attack, the Polish army would not have been able to retreat as planned, because most of its forces were not mechanical, the German forces were moving too fast, and their air forces were bombing repeatedly. The Polish army had to constantly change positions as it retreated, and in the end it was unable to withdraw before being surrounded by the rapid German forces, and was forced to defend with the most direct and heavy casualties. By the time the Poles worked out this plan, the end was already predestined. One month is still the most optimistic estimate. Cai Ye said.
After listening to Cai Yi's words, Chen Shao also nodded, which was similar to what he thought in his heart.
At this time, Chen Fuqin walked over with a report, saluted Chen Shao and said: "At 10:40 a.m. Hanjing time (4:40 a.m. Berlin time), the Luftwaffe began to bomb the Polish town of Veron, and at 10:45, the German Army invaded Poland from the north, south, and west. At the same time, the Soviet Union and Germany officially declared war on Poland. ”
"Stay tuned." Chen Shao said.
The battle has begun, the great world has come, and the opportunity for China has also come.
The German attack came suddenly, and Poland, despite having a detailed defensive plan, was also in disarray for a while. Unable to form an effective defense, for a time suffered heavy losses.
Unlike later generations, although Germany also adopted a blitzkrieg against Poland in later generations, Germany did not fully understand the role of armored forces at that time, and the blitzkrieg against Poland was more of a support for infantry attacks. Mainly for reasons such as risk reduction, the Supreme Command used armored divisions and other rapid units to support traditional infantry divisions, and armored divisions were also scattered among the various army groups, and did not form units above the army level. As a result, the Polish campaign was actually a battle supported by armored forces rather than the main force, and more military operations were carried out by traditional infantry to bear the responsibility of breakthrough, encirclement and annihilation.
In later generations, because of the battle in Poland, the Germans saw the advantages of the concentrated use of armored troops, so in the later attack on France, they gave full play to the role of armored troops, and in a real sense, they implemented a blitzkrieg based on rapid assault of armored troops.
Here, however, Germany already understood the effectiveness of the rapid assault of the armored corps, and in both quantity and quality, superior to the later Germany. Therefore, in the face of the rolling German tanks, the defense line of the Polish army retreated again and again, and the troops of one division after another were surrounded and annihilated, which became a military merit medal on the German soldiers.
The Luftwaffe, in pursuit of its operational objective of seizing air supremacy in Poland, actively attacked Polish aircraft stationed or taking off from airfields, and also bombed military targets on the ground, including moving cavalry units, infantry, lines of communication, and communication stations.
The Luftwaffe carried out a very fierce attack on the Polish airfield, destroying any aircraft remaining on the ground, so as to claim that "the Luftwaffe destroyed the Polish Air Force on the ground on the first day of the war", but in fact only one airfield was attacked that day, and only 28 non-active aircraft were lost, and the main combat aircraft of the Polish Air Force had been moved into the scattered secret airfields long before the war, and the Germans had only destroyed another 24 Polish planes on the ground during the search, but most of them were training aircraft.
The Polish Air Force was still alive and well, and there were some successes in the war, such as the coastal operations launched at the beginning of the war, when the Germans sent four bomber groups to Warsaw, where they encountered the Polish Army's "Pursuit Brigade" troops, and the latter fighters shot down 16 of them, while they lost 10 and damaged 24.
However, compared to the activity of the pursuit brigade, the Polish army's bomber force did not perform as expected, and the Polish army gathered twenty-four P.23 bombers to attack the German vanguard, but these bombers were designed to fly at low altitude and slow speed to hit the armored units, so that they became the best target for the German 20mm anti-aircraft guns, and the Polish army suffered heavy losses.
However, the Polish Air Force's achievements stopped there, and in order to completely seize air supremacy, the Germans sent most of their fighters to pursue Polish planes everywhere. Faced with locust-like aircraft, the Polish air force would be wiped out as soon as it appeared. Until the Luftwaffe found a real airfield, after sending nearly 100 H-2s, the Polish Air Force was completely wiped out.
As soon as the Air Force is finished, the results of the ground forces can be imagined.
In fact, long before the start of the battle, the German side had already sent several special forces to infiltrate Poland to protect the main factories in Poland and prevent them from being sabotaged by the Poles themselves. Because these things will be German in the future.
(To be continued)