If the news had been delivered by a wind-chasing ship, it would normally take three days for the news to reach Nanjing from Tokyo, but Xiao Sheng and Li Kezai received the news on September 20, that is, the incident occurred on the 16th or 17th. //.//

The exact time is the 16th, and the location is Kanayama Eiyugu Shrine in Tokyo.

Weiyang Palace has not yet been completed, and the emperor can only live temporarily in Jinshan Weixing Palace with hundreds of people, but even if it is temporary, the royal school has also moved over, and the teaching does not stop. The prince and princess, together with some of the old and heroic children, from the age of four to the age of twelve, have to study in the academy.

Duan Hongshi, as the head of the royal school, was over eighty years old, and he still insisted on seeing things for three days and holding a big class on the fifth day. The old man completed the "History of the Southern Ming Dynasty", rebuilt the "History of the Ming Dynasty" and "History of the Song Dynasty" and other huge works one after another, and should have been idle, but he took the initiative to take on this ministry.

On this day, Duan Hongshi was on crutches and gave a lecture on the topic of "Governance of Three Generations" in the school. For the students, this topic is obviously too big. But Old Man Duan has Old Man Duan's teachings, the older ones leave an impression, and the too small ones just listen to the excitement.

"It is said that Pangu opened the sky, and Nuwa created ...... man"

The myth is a lot of scratching students' heads, but that's just the beginning.

"At the beginning of antiquity, people drank blood, and a large family, men, women, and children, had to run around all day long to be full. The male shoots the deer, the woman catches the rabbit, the old catches the fish, and the small one catches the ...... Like you, picking fruits, picking birds' eggs, picking crabs, doing everything, well, these things were not for fun, but for the sake of filling. ”

"At that time, there were no cars, horses, and steel, and there were fierce beasts all around, and one person couldn't survive, not even a small family of one father and one mother. Only a large family of dozens or hundreds of people living together can the women, children, old and weak who have no strength to find food, survive. Without you juniors, a large family would be extinct, and without the elderly, they would not be able to serve the public, and they would not know the weather, water and soil, and they would not even know which mushrooms could be eaten. So, at that time, everyone was not separated from each other. ”

Mencius said. The old and the old, the young and the young. Confucius said that the deceased does not have only his relatives, nor does he have only his son...... Antiquity. This is not virtue, it is the way to live without it. ”

"Ahem...... Speaking of a long way, at that time, the ancestors were looking for water and grass to survive, and the forest was shallow and harmless. Once you have finished fishing and hunting, you have to find another place, just like a beast. I don't know how many thousands of years have passed, and there are saints such as Chao and Suiren. The church first built houses and made fires, and then Shennong planted grains, and people gradually found suitable places to settle down, and then they were different from animals and animals. ”

But at that time, there were no cattle, horses, iron plows, and I didn't know much about farming, so there wasn't much grain on one acre of land, so the family went into battle to farm, and I was full. There isn't much left either. The ancestors still had to get together as a family, regardless of whether it was your field or mine, everyone worked together. Harvest in one piece. ”

"At this time, there are still more people than when they are fishing and hunting, how many? Not...... Maybe there are so many people in the palace, everyone can see it every day. There is no emperor and prince, no high or low, being a family member must be the most prestigious among these people, and everyone is the most convincing./ He doesn't need to make any decrees, and he doesn't need to follow the thugs, if he wants to do one thing, he can only invite everyone to get together to discuss, so that everyone nods in agreement. to make it happen. The sages said that the king of the ancestors was virtuous, and this is the reason. He can hear everybody's opinions, he has to consult everybody, and his decisions have to be satisfactory to everybody, so he has to be virtuous. ”

"Every generation leaves behind wisdom and experience. Create tools that save time and effort. Passed down from generation to generation, the crops in the field are more and more produced, and one person can feed two people or more, and then one family begins to divide into many small families, including parents, old people, and little ones like you. Women and children don't have to rely on everyone to feed them, and your parents can support your grandparents and you. "There is enough food to eat, and the number of people is increasing, and there is not enough place to cultivate around." So some people from a large family went to live in other places. Over the years, a large family has dispersed into countless branches, because of the time gap, many branches have changed their customs, changed their language, and do not know each other, but everyone is the same ancestor. ”

"Those who are close to each other and know each other are not like neighbors, burying their heads in their own lives? No, you have all read the Bible and know that it was the irrigation of the Yellow River that fed your ancestors. However, the Yellow River floods every year, and from time to time it has to set off extinction floods, and the climate is not always smooth, with heavy rains and droughts. ”

"Our ancestors have had thousands of years of wisdom, and they are not without the power to deal with it, building river embankments, digging ditches, building warehouses, and giving relief, and they can always survive. But relying on such a few people in the palace can't do these big things, so the ancestors of the family who live together have also united, and they have elected co-masters to solve these big problems with everyone. ”

"Of course, there were more people at that time, and there was hostility between strange groups, and there were often fights for water, land, and people, and everyone could join forces to defend against foreign enemies."

"The elected king must lead everyone to fight against the grass, the sky, and the external enemy, and also balance the internal disputes of various ethnic groups, so as not to let the united forces disintegrate and weaken. He still has to listen to everyone, consult with as many people as possible, like the patriarch of a clan, and his decisions must be convincing to everyone. But he must rely on helpers to do these things, and these assistants must also be virtuous people who are praised by everyone, and they will be virtuous and virtuous at that time. ”

Speaking of this, Old Man Duan glanced at the little ones and said with a smile: "This is actually the rule of three generations, the monarch is virtuous and virtuous, everyone is a saint, and the world of the ancestors who are said to be mysterious and mysterious by the scholars, it is as simple as that." The three generations of Datong are not morally prosperous, but the lack of strength and weakness, and it is difficult for people to be private, so everyone can only live for the public. We now recall the rule of the three generations, is to drink water and think of the source, dare not forget the roots, but it does not mean that we have to go back to the three generations, and it is impossible to return to the three generations. Just like the old man and me, I used to be your age, the old man can only get older and older, how can he grow back? ”

This caused a burst of laughter from the little ones, and they all imagined what the old master had been like when he was young.

Then Duan Hongshi talked about the last three generations, and the historiography of the truth school under the Yinghua Heavenly Dao thought divided the three generations into two before and after the three generations, the first three generations were the ancient ancestors, and the last three generations were the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties. The rule of the three generations that the sage books often talked about was pushed to the first three generations, which are difficult to verify, so that it was difficult for the old Confucians to replace the rule of the three generations with the "orthodoxy of ritual music" of the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, thus competing for the right to speak historiography.

"There are two biggest differences between the last three generations. Let's talk about the inheritance of kings first. The first three generations of kings were all elected, and they were inherited by Zen, and whoever was virtuous won the position. In the next three generations, it is inherited by blood. The Bible says it simply. Xia Qi inherited the position of Dayu and changed Zen to hereditary. Why is this changing? The priests of the Heavenly Temple said that this is the end of the world of saints and the arrival of the world of mortals. In moral terms, this is true, and from the point of view of truth, this change is not moral. ”

"The last three generations of farmers have been refined. The population multiplied, there were more and more things, and the power in the hands of the king became heavier and heavier, life and death were taken away, and the so-called anger of the Son of Heaven in later generations was almost the same. With such a position of power, you can sit on your own wealth. Even to seize the wealth of a family and a country as private property, the king wants to turn the public into private, of course, it must be passed on to the bloodline. ”

Then it's simply a corruption of the human heart. Is public morality destroyed? No, the truth that the old man taught you is not the study of self-cultivation, but the study of exploring the way of the world, so you can't look at things with praise or disapproval, but look for its original face, and Zen will become hereditary from the world and the principle of the way of heaven. "...," you might as well ask, in the next three generations, if you are still Zen, you will still choose talents. How to judge whether the virtuous are not virtuous? Who should be judged? The world of the next three generations is already a world of self-interest, everyone has a selfish, every family has a selfish, and the self-interest is different, and it is necessary to be virtuous. You have to be able to reconcile these different selfish interests, protect justice, and establish public interests. ”

But at that time, can everyone enjoy the benefits they want? Not to mention then, it can't be done now, so there is no way to select talents like the previous three generations. And to protect justice and establish public interests, the most direct way is to turn everyone's public interests into the private interests of the king's family. Since it is the king's selfish interest, of course, he betrays the responsibility of this profit, regards the country as his family property, and regards the people as his family. The whole world is not the king's land, the shore of the land is not the king's ministers, the Son of Heaven has the four seas, shepherds all the people, and this is how he came. As far as the survival of the Huaxia clan is concerned, this is the most beneficial and realistic method. ”

"In the next three generations, the king's position is inherited by blood, and the pieces that are spelled into China are still countless ethnic groups, and they are also inherited by blood. The Son of Heaven only went to Gyeonggi, and further away was the Fang Kingdom built by the Son of Heaven's brothers, nephews, or distant relatives. The Son of Heaven is like a parent, guarding the whole world, and the subjects are based on the Son of Heaven, like the son serving the father. Monarchs and ministers are like fathers and sons, and the world can be stable, which is the origin of monarchs and ministers. ”

After explaining the historical inevitability of the hereditary system of kings and the origin of Confucianism, the old man changed his words and talked about the second characteristics of the next three generations: "The last three generations are slaves, farmers are people, and craftsmen are slaves." The cultivators possessed the land, which was the foundation of the state, and they were related to the king by blood, and only they were qualified to take up the sword and spear and fight for the country. Slaves were used to build cities, dig canals, build tools, and do the work of craftsmen. Until the Ming and Qing dynasties, craftsmen were still listed as lowly status, and this was the first way to come. ”

"How did the slaves come about? Just now we said that the Son of Heaven has the four seas, but that is only in name, the Fang Kingdom has not stopped, and the prisoners of war have become slaves, plus those who have broken the law and lost their qualifications as nationals, there are countless slaves in the next three generations. In the battle of Muye of Shang and Zhou, Shang raised an army of 700,000 to face King Wu of Zhou, most of whom were slaves. ”

"Since the Spring and Autumn Period, there have been fewer slaves, and then although I have slaves and tribes in China, I am no longer the kind of slaves that are no different from pigs and dogs in the next three generations, and the master can dispose of them at will......"

A small hand was raised, it was the sixth prince Li Keyi, the son of the fourth mother of Concubine Jinning, five years old this year, straightforward, and asked when he thought of it.

"Old Master, didn't you say that this is not what it used to be, why are there slaves now?"

Duan Hongshi was stunned, a five-year-old little guy could actually ask this kind of question.

The fifth prince, nine-year-old Li Kexin, echoed his younger brother: "Yes, the slaves in the Nanyang plantations and mines are like cattle, and the ladies say that they are very pitiful, and the masters do not treat them as human beings at all, and they are still chained when they work. ”

The master of the school coughed and wanted to round the field for Duan Hongshi, this is not the content of today's lecture, and the topic is sensitive, and the country has been arguing about it. Duan Hongshi waved his hand to stop, and said with a smile: "Talking about the past and the present, no one listens to the lecture......

Amid the chuckle of the students, the old man said, "Benevolence always comes from the inside out, gradually. First there is the love of family, then the love of compatriots, and then the love of everyone, which is the love of the Mohists. The old man does not want you to ignore the love of the Mo family, but under the love, there is the love of your family and compatriots, and you can't hurt your relatives and compatriots because of this love. ”

"Although the slaves of this dynasty are imposed on foreign tribes, it is indeed contrary to benevolence, and the old man is against it. But to ban this, you have to think in the long run, and the merchants have made great profits by it, but the compatriots have also benefited from it. If the ban provokes the people of the country to fight, will this also violate the root of benevolence? ”

Li Keyi was not convinced, puffed out his chubby cheeks and said: "Speaking of which, our Great Britain is the same as the Shang Dynasty, and there are still places that violate benevolence and righteousness!" ”

A loud girl's voice sounded: "Li Keyi, you are stupid!" I don't know the general trend of the world at all! The foreigners are also using slaves, and their ships carrying Kunlun slaves are running all over the earth! ”

This is the fifth princess Li Keyun, the daughter of Concubine Zhao Baoyin, a month older than Li Keyi, the two are about the same age, and they are naturally aggressive.

There was a soft snap, and the fourth princess Li Kejin slapped the ruler and didn't speak. Li Keyi was about to refute and quickly shut up, but Li Keyun also shuddered, pouting, and looked annoyed. Their fourth sister is a cold-faced person, and in front of the discipline seniors, the discipline of the school is so good that there is nothing to say.

Looking at the princes and princesses with different hearts, Duan Hongshi smiled very kindly, and he had a deeper emotion about Li Keyi's question: "Keyi, you asked well, what is the difference between this world and ancient times, and what has been changed in this world, the old man has already gained." This knowledge is the old man's most proud theory, and the learning of the Heavenly Dao and the true theory are not as good, this is the new theory of the three generations. (To be continued.) If you like this work, you are welcome to vote for recommendation and monthly passes, and your support is my biggest motivation. )