Coins can indeed make money, in ancient society the law is not very sound, many private people have minted coins to make huge profits, since the Song Dynasty, private coinage has begun to prevail, private coinage is to imitate the style of coins issued by the imperial court, but the quality of the coins is much worse than the official coins, so you can make money.

When it comes to private money, counterfeit money, etc., people habitually associate it with "small people, evil people", etc., and it seems that counterfeiting is generally the behavior of people in the lower classes of society. As a matter of fact, currency counterfeiting involves many aspects of society, and the private miners are not only ordinary people, but also often come from the families of the gentry and bureaucrats, and the people involved in a private minting case are quite extensive, often as few as two or three people, and as many as dozens or even thousands, from ordinary civilians to the so-called "traitorous gangs," from corrupt officials to "unscrupulous clans," covering almost all strata of society. The poor people living at the bottom of the society were not only oppressed and deprived by the landlords and wealthy families, but also often fell victim to the government's predatory economic policies. As a result, the big money in the hands of the people suddenly depreciated, and "the people went bankrupt and lost their jobs unexpectedly, and most of them died." Especially in Hedong and Shaanxi, most of the popular folk are iron coins, and the rich mostly collect copper coins, so once the iron money depreciates, the damage to civilians will be greater. In this case, some people engage in private mining activities to reduce their losses. Sometimes, it can even be said that the private casting of the people is directly led by the actions of the government.

Many craftsmen who specialize in coinage are involved in private casting activities, and the ancient casting technology is backward, so it is often necessary to recruit a large number of craftsmen to mint money. Large money supervisors even employ thousands of craftsmen, and the large number of craftsmen is neglected, and piracy and smuggling will also become a huge hidden danger for the government.

After all, the private minting of civilians is only a minority, and the private minting of rich gentry occupies the mainstream of private coinage, and these people not only collude with local officials. It even allowed local officials to occupy shares in it, providing an umbrella for its private minting.

After the issuance of the new currency, Qin Dong observed the market reaction on the one hand. On the other hand, he sent people to secretly investigate to see if anyone had minted coins privately, and the danger of privately minting coins was extremely great, and Qin Dong would never allow new coins to be issued. Someone will be minting new coins right away.

The situation of the undercover visit is fine. In the recent period, no fake coins have been found circulating in the market, which also makes Qin Dong breathe a sigh of relief. However, the next news from all over the country made Qin Dong not happy.

In some economically developed and populous cities, such as Pazar, Saidika, Plov, Dimet, Belgrade, Bucharest, Budapest and other cities, the issuance of new currencies is very smooth, and the people even hold the coins of the Roman Empire in their hands to frantically exchange huàn, but the residents of small towns in some remote areas do not seem to trust the new currency, and the people in some areas have no concept of using coins. They've always bartered.

In these remote towns and mountain villages, the issuance of coins was greatly hampered. It was not that the official gold houses of the Regent's Mansion did not have offices in these areas, but that the people did not trust the new currency, and that many people had never used coins, so coins seemed to have no effect on them, and they could not eat, drink, or use them except for their good looks.

The people who were originally Roman citizens in the territory of Qindong were better, these people had been using currency for transactions before, and the use of currency transactions had actually become a very important part of their lives, and they all knew that it was difficult to move an inch without money. But other peoples, especially those who are not civilized and uncivilized, have always lived a life of barter, and have never used money, which is really difficult for them to accept.

The implementation of the new currency was hindered in most remote areas, which made Qin Dong quite nerve-wracking, thinking for many days, Qin Dong resolutely decided to reform the tax and conscription system, at this stage only the reform of the tax and conscription system can escort the implementation of the new currency, at the same time, the time to reform the tax and conscription system in this period is also ripe, the productivity of various places has increased significantly, and the economic indicators are simply different from nothing two years ago, Moreover, reforming the tax and conscription system now will prevent major problems in the taxation and conscription system in the future, which will make it difficult to reform.

In order to reform the system of taxation and forced labor, Qin Dong still agreed with the "One Whip Law" promulgated by Zhang Juzheng in the Ming Dynasty, which greatly simplified the collection procedures and made it difficult for local officials to cheat. What is a whip? The general content is to combine the land endowments, levies and other miscellaneous levies of various states and counties into one article, collect gold and silver together, and pay them according to the mu conversion!

In the Ming Dynasty, the "One Whip Law" was an extremely advanced tax system in the world at that time, and this tax system had three purposes and benefits, the first was to simplify the tax system, the second was to increase fiscal revenue, and the third was to facilitate the collection of taxes. The implementation of this method has enabled landless peasants to be relieved of their burden of labor and to have landed peasants able to spend more time cultivating their land, which has played a certain role in developing agricultural production. At the same time, the change of forced labor to the levy of silver taels allowed the peasants to gain greater personal freedom and leave the land more easily, which provided more sources of labor for the urban handicraft industry. Industrialists and merchants who do not have land can not pay for silver, which also has a positive effect on the development of industry and commerce.

The main contents of the "One Whip Law" are: first, to clear the land and expand the area of increased revenue, so that the tax is relatively equal. At this stage, some new nobles appeared on the territory under Qin Dong's control, these are Qin Dong's subordinates, and those who have merit have been awarded a certain amount of land and cattle, sheep and horses, after granting fields and cattle, sheep and horses, these people have secretly opened up new fields in the surrounding fields, and these newly opened fields have not been counted, so it is necessary to re-measure the fields, plus many rich households and landlords have more or less occupied the land. However, this situation is not very strict, after all, it has only been a year or two since the rise of Qin Dong, and now the Qingzhang land is the most suitable, and no one dares to oppose Qin Dong's authority.

Second, it is necessary to unify taxation and limit the intrusion of excessive taxes and miscellaneous taxes, so that taxation tends to be stable. Before the introduction of a whip, it was a separate servitude. Given acres of land to pay taxes, enlisted by households, in addition to enlistment, there are a variety of items, soil tribute and other additional assignments. After the implementation of a whip law, it was all simplified into one. The land will be attributed to the land and collected by the mu; Forced labor was changed to hired labor, and the government hired people to serve on their behalf. Due to the unification of the assignment, it is difficult for officials at all levels to use their names skillfully. Therefore, the disadvantages were cleared up, so that the taxes tended to be stable, and the peasants were able to settle down a little.

The new regime has just been established, and there is basically no excesses and miscellaneous taxes, which Qin Dong is still very confident about, and the second most important thing is to combine taxes and levies, which used to be only levied according to the fields and people, and collected levies according to the number of people, which is convenient for officials to set up a name to make money, and after the implementation of a whip law, there is no more levies, only according to the number of people to collect money, and then the official hires manpower to work.

Third, the collection of silver per mu should be calculated, and the official settlement should be resolved, so that the collection method will be more complete. In most cases, the general levy of taxes is offset in kind, before the Xiongnu Empire did not have its own currency, there is no tax, only tribute, slaves do not have any property, civilians to the territory of the centurion tribute, centurion to the commander of the thousand to pay tribute, the commander to the commander of the thousand tribute, the commander to the commander of the tribute, the number of tribute according to the size of the territory and the number of cattle, sheep and horses. It was not feasible to collect money as tribute, because the Xiongnu Empire did not have its own currency.

But now it is different, now the regent palace of Qindong has issued currency, changed the tribute to tax, changed the collection of goods to collect coins, and after the issuance of currency, the collection of taxes and conscription can be completely realized by discounting coins.

And there is also an advantage, that is, there was a lot of loss on the road when paying tribute in the past, some carried grain to pay tribute, but the heavy rain on the road, the grain was moldy, all could not be eaten, and the cattle and sheep were driven to Nagong, and the cattle, sheep and horses on the road had a plague, and died a lot, in short, the loss was quite large, but now it is changed to collect all the coins, and there are special tax officials to collect, and after the collection, they are escorted by the official special silver difference, which saves a lot of transportation and storage costs, and also avoids the disadvantages of eroding the distribution.

In fact, there are many drawbacks to a whip law, the first is the problem of "fire consumption", this problem has a very far-reaching impact, because the tax law stipulates the payment of gold and silver, and the gold and silver casting process produces the so-called "fire consumption", so the local government has charged additional fees to taxpayers, claiming to make up for the loss of casting, fire consumption has become a clever means of local accumulation, and has also become a heavy burden for taxpayers.

Qin Dong knew about this drawback, of course he would not let this drawback continue, he decided to let the fire consumption return to the public, only by letting the fire consumption go back to the public, the local officials did not have the name to charge additional fees to the people, otherwise it would be a violation of law and discipline. In China, the problem of the return of fire to the public was not resolved until the Qing Dynasty.

In addition to the problem of fire consumption, there are also some drawbacks of a whip law, such as after Zhang Juzheng implemented a whip law in the Ming Dynasty, in fact, the conscription in various places has not been completely eliminated, and the old apportionment has also been completely eliminated. A series of laws promulgated by Zhang Juzheng were still in force during his lifetime, but died after his death.

In other words, Zhang Juzheng's reform was not thorough, and the whip law is one of the examples, why did there still be problems of forced labor and various apportionments after the implementation of the whip law? It is because this regulation is not implemented thoroughly and there is a problem in supervision, Qin Dongming knows this, of course he will not make the same mistake again. (To be continued......)