Just as Qin Dong was preparing to issue the Xiongnu Empire's own currency, Avetus, who had already been elected as the Western Roman Emperor by the Visigoths and the Gallic provinces, finally came to Rome from Gaul. Unfortunately, Avitus had limited abilities, and he had little support from any other force other than the Visigoths and the Gallic provinces, which made it difficult for him to make his way in Rome, let alone issue executive orders, and he could not even afford to pay the salaries of officials.

The political chaos and the fact that the governors, local consuls, and military generals did not take the Roman executive orders seriously, made it useless for the emperor to speak, and the city of Rome had not yet recovered after the sack of Geseric last year, and the economic depression, social order, and the increasing shortage of food to ensure basic life caused the Romans to be strongly dissatisfied with Avitus.

Although Avitus was only a nominal emperor and had no real power, and the edict could not leave Rome, the governors and consuls and army generals did not dare to oppose him in name, but not everyone was unwilling to tear his face with him on the surface, among which the Western Roman general Reichmel in Corsica openly opposed him.

Who is Richmel? This man was originally a subordinate of Aetius, and his parents were Suebi, one of the Germanic peoples, who were actually barbarians, and the Suebi people first appeared in the annals of history in Julius? During Caesar's time, Caesar discovered the Suebi while suppressing a Gallic Celtic uprising and saw them as a threat. Afterwards. Classical writers such as Strapo, Pliny the Elder, Tacitus and Cassius? Dior also mentioned the Suebi.

In the later years of the Roman Empire, the Suebi also became a force that stormed the borders of the empire. In 406, the Suebi crossed the Rhine with the Vandals and the Alans. Invasion of northern Gaul. In 409, a group of Suebi people, led by King Helmerik, crossed the Pyrenees and invaded the Iberian Peninsula, establishing the Suebi Kingdom in the northwest corner of the peninsula. This kingdom survived for almost two centuries and gradually became Christianized. The Suebi first embraced Arianism in 466 and later converted to Catholicism in 560. This led to their conflict with the Visigoths (another Germanic people) who still believed in the Arian sect. In 585, the Visigoths wiped out the Suebi kingdom.

As a young man, Reichmel served in Aetius's army and was a loyal subordinate of Aetius. In 450, under the auspices of Aetius, Reichmel entered politics from the army. This man was not a simple person, in history this man did not buy Avitus's account and raised troops north to the Italian mainland, and Avitus fled Rome in fright. Died on the way. In the following twenty years. Reichmel has always been the emperor behind the scenes of the Western Roman Empire, and he secretly supported a total of four emperors, but these emperors were only puppets, and he was the one who really held the power.

At a time when Avitus had been toiling in Rome all day, but had no real political achievements, and begged his grandfather and grandmother everywhere, Qin Dong had already begun issuing coins in his territory under his control in June 456 AD.

He had already ordered the official issuance of the currency on March 1, three months later, on June 1. The new currency will gradually replace foreign currency in circulation in the country, until January 1 of next year. All foreign currencies are not allowed to circulate in the domestic market, and from June 1 this year to January 1 next year, all citizens must go to local government gold banks to exchange their foreign currencies for their new national currency, of course, individuals can continue to hold foreign currency, but cannot use foreign currency to buy goods in their own country, that is to say, foreign currency in the domestic market no longer has purchasing power.

The Regent's Office also stipulated that, in view of the fact that most of the Roman coins on the market today contain too high impurities, it is stipulated that the ratio of 3 Roman ori to huàn 1 gold dollar, 7.5 Roman dinar to huàn 1 silver dollar, and 1.2 Roman as-huàn 1 copper coin should be used.

When the news came out, the reaction in the market was very hot, the new coins are not only exquisite, but also much higher than Roman coins in fineness, as far as gold dollars are concerned, the minting of gold dollars is pure gold, because the value of gold coins is high, less circulation in the market, so the wear and tear is also negligible, unless the bulk of goods are traded, the amount of money traded is too large will be traded with gold dollars, the general market circulation is silver dollars and copper coins, silver dollars and copper coins are added to other wear-resistant metals, Even if they are in circulation for a long time, there is very little wear and tear, and when these coins have been in circulation for a certain number of years, the old coins will be recycled and minted.

On June 1st, a large number of people came to the official gold stores in various places in the territory of Qin Dongkong zhì to exchange the coins issued by the Regency of Huàn with the coins of the Roman Empire, and the purchasing power of the new coins was much stronger than that of the coins of the Roman Empire, not to mention the fineness of the new coins containing gold, silver and copper, and their exquisite appearance alone invisibly increased the value of the coins themselves.

The issuance of currency is not a simple matter, it is not as much as you want to issue, and if the currency issued is too small, then the value of the currency is too high, resulting in a large appreciation of the currency, but if the amount of currency issued is excessive, and the productivity does not increase accordingly, that is, the goods produced do not increase accordingly, so that due to the supply and demand relationship, you have to use more money to buy goods, so that the currency is depreciated in the international view. Money is just a form in which the government controls the country's economy, for example, the government wants to enrich the treasury, one way is normal taxation and so on, and the other way is printing money. The second method is that because the productive forces have not developed accordingly (the number of commodities has not increased accordingly), the money in the hands of the common people is worthless, which means that the second method will make the government rich and the people poor, and then the common people will not be able to afford things, and it is not conducive to economic development (not conducive to the increase of commodity output). In order to make the country rich as a whole, it is necessary to ensure the development of the economy, and after economic development, the more commodities are produced, and the less money will buy more commodities, and the currency will appreciate. Then, in order to ensure exports, the government will print some money and circulate it in the market, so that the currency does not appreciate too quickly.

Generally speaking, the issuance of money can be divided into two types in terms of nature, one is economic issuance, and the other is fiscal issuance, economic issuance is to meet the needs of commodity circulation. This kind of issuance is in line with the requirements of the law of currency circulation, so it can not only meet the needs of the national economy, but also maintain the stability of the currency value. Fiscal issuance is a currency issued to cover fiscal deficits (see Fiscal Revenue and Expenditure). This kind of issuance exceeds the actual needs of commodity circulation, and tends to lead to inflation. If there is no special reason, it is generally not possible to issue currency in the form of financial issuance, otherwise the consequences will be difficult to control.

There are many problems in the currency generation industry, take the ratio of huàn to huàn, 1 gold dollar can be exchanged for huàn 10 silver dollars, can be exchanged for huàn 1000 copper coins, and the currency of the Roman Empire to huàn ratio is 1 ori to huàn 25 dinars, to huàn 400 as, so how many asas can be exchanged for huàn to 1 gold dollar? It takes 1200 asis to exchange huàn1 gold dollars, 120 ass to huàn1 silver dollars, and 75 dinars to huàn1 gold dollars, which is very complicated to convert, and in this era, not everyone has good computing ability, and there are very few educated and arithmetic people, in order to train enough gold bank staff, Qin Dong can be said to have taken great pains, and finally trained four or five hundred gold bank staff who can barely work, but when the new currency was officially issued on June 1, There were still some people in the gold bank who miscalculated when exchanging huàn coins.

This is only one aspect, there were many problems that day, but this is just that these newly trained gold bank staff are not familiar with the business, and it will be good to be proficient in business in the future.

To say why Qin Dong is so keen to issue his own currency, the benefits of this are self-evident, the first advantage is that there is no need to be controlled by others economically, take a very simple example, in the past, the coins issued by the Eastern Roman Empire were popular in the territory controlled by Qin Dong, Qin Dong has vigorously developed the economy in recent years, encouraged industry and commerce and farming, and the basic light industry and textile industry have been established, and there is also a "heavy industry" in this period, which can manufacture weapons and equipment by itself, and make a lot of money, However, last year, the Eastern Roman Empire issued new coins and announced that the coins issued before would be restricted, and the currencies issued before could not be circulated in the market, which was equivalent to making Qin Dong's efforts in the past two years all in vain, and the money he had saved in his treasury could not buy anything from the Roman Empire, how could this work? Isn't this about human life? How can Qin Dong stand it? The Eastern Roman Empire panicked and sent envoys to apologize, saying that the coins in Qin Dong's hands could still be purchased through the Eastern Roman Empire officials, and they could also be exchanged for new currency.

The second benefit of issuing currency is that it can make money, which is similar to another way of issuing currency, why it is said that the issuance of currency can make money, this is a very simple reason, generally speaking, the copper content of a copper coin will definitely not be 100%, it must also contain other metals, and the value of the metal mixed in it is lower than that of copper, but in fact, after the issuance, the value of a copper coin is still calculated according to the copper content of 100%, there is a price difference, and the currency issuer earns this difference. The same is true for silver coins, because the texture of silver is relatively soft, it can be cut with scissors, and it is easy to deform and wear out when minting silver coins, so it is necessary to participate in some harder and wear-resistant metals to ensure its service life. Among the three coins issued by Qin Dong this time, only the gold dollar was not doped with other metals, of course, not all the purified gold was gold, but no other metals were artificially added when minting. (To be continued......)