World War I Imperial Amphibious Landing Ships and Equipment Manual
1. Dock Landing Ship (CDJ)
1. "Dengyingzhou" class (a total of 4 ships, Dengyingzhou, Dengpenglai, Dengqiongzhou, and Denghuanzhou, all of which were in service before the war):
Full load 9656 tons, standard 4961 tons, 4 oil-coal mixed boilers, 7200 horsepower, maximum speed of 14 knots of twin-shaft propulsion, range 7000 nautical miles / 10 knots.
The huge dock can carry 18 mechanical landing craft or 3 general purpose landing craft, the hull can be diverted to semi-sink the dock dinghy to flood out, and has the ability to repair the dinghy, in addition, the front and rear main decks can also carry a number of vehicles.
It is designed to be armed with four 90 mm rapid-fire guns, two 60 mm anti-aircraft guns and four twin machine guns. The ship's special boat mount can also accommodate six light infantry landing craft.
2. "Yongxing" class (a total of 10 ships, namely Yongxing, Yong'an, Yongfu, Yongle, Yonghua, Yonghai, Yongping, Yongning, Yongrui, Yongxiang, 3 ships in service before the war):
Full load 10,210 tons, standard 5,122 tons, 4 oil-coal mixed boilers, 7,200 horsepower, biaxle propulsion maximum speed 14 knots, range 9,000 nautical miles / 10 knots.
It can carry 18 mechanical landing craft or 3 universal landing craft. The ship's special boat mount can also accommodate six light infantry landing craft.
It is designed to be armed with four 90 mm rapid-fire guns, two 60 mm anti-aircraft guns and four twin machine guns.
2. Combat Vehicle Landing Ship (ZDJ)
1. "Huawei" class (a total of 8 ships, namely Huawei, Huasheng, Huaxing, Hua'an, Huazhen, Huading, Huaqing, Huafu, all of which were in service before the war):
Full load 4580 tons, standard 1910 tons, 2 heavy oil boilers, 3000 horsepower twin-shaft propulsion, maximum speed 14 knots, cruising speed 10 knots, range 7000 nautical miles / 10 knots, no chimneys, exhaust gases are discharged from holes on both sides of the hull.
When rushing to the beach, the bow gate is opened left and right, and the gangplank is lowered to allow vehicles to drive directly out of the tank cabin, and multiple vehicles (up to 16 2.5 ton trucks or 6 2.5 ton trucks with 90 howitzers) can be parked on the main deck, and they can go down to the hatch through the retractable ramp.
The tank compartment can carry 32 Type IV Flying Wolf Light Tanks or 20 Type 5 Iron Leopard Heavy Tanks, or 20 Universal Amphibious Landing Vehicles (TDCs). In addition, six light infantry landing craft, each capable of carrying 36 infantrymen, were installed on special dinghy racks.
Crew: The captain is a lieutenant colonel, with an establishment of 12 to 24 officers and 100 to 124 enlisted men.
Armament: 3 75mm rapid-fire guns in the bow, 4 twin machine guns and 2 60mm anti-aircraft guns in the rear.
2. "Zhongxing" class (a total of 18 ships, namely Zhongxing, Zhonghai, Zhongsheng, Zhongtian, Zhong'an, Zhongqing, Zhongfeng, Zhongji, Zhongxiang, Zhongshun, Zhongli, Zhongzhen, Zhongming, Zhongyang, Zhongtong, Zhongrui, Zhongjie, Zhonglong, 9 ships in service before the war):
Full load 4976 tons, standard 2216 tons, 2 heavy oil boilers, 3000 horsepower twin-shaft propulsion, maximum speed 14 knots, range 9000 nautical miles / 10 knots.
The carrying capacity and design armament are the same as those of the Warwick class.
3. Universal Landing Ship (TDJ)
1. Merlot-class (not equipped before the war, planned * ships, 59 ships completed in 1916-1918)
Standard displacement 945 tons, full load displacement 1836 tons.
2 marine diesel engines, 1800 hp twin-shaft propulsion, maximum speed 14 knots, range 7000 nautical miles / 10 knots.
It can carry 12 Type 4 Flying Wolf light tanks or 300 tons of cargo or 450 soldiers, without an upper deck, covered only with canvas between the bulwarks. The bow has bow doors that open to the sides and ramps that are lowered forward, the circular bridge is on the starboard side, the top floor is an open sailing bridge, the middle deck is the wheelhouse, the lower deck is the chart room, and behind it is the chimney.
The captain of the ship is a major rank, with 9 officers and 36 soldiers.
Design armament: 1 75 mm rapid-fire gun, 2 37 mm rapid-fire guns, 4 twin machine guns.
4. Medium-sized universal landing craft
TDT-1 type, TDT1-TDT100, a total of 100 ships were built, 46 were commissioned before the war.
The full load is 320 tons, the power is 3 gasoline main engines, 660 horsepower, two-shaft propulsion, and the speed is 4-5 knots.
The captain is a second lieutenant with 4 officers and 15 soldiers.
It can carry 6 Type 4 Flying Wolf light combat vehicles or 150 tons of cargo or 300 soldiers.
Armament: 3 37mm rapid-fire guns, 2 twin machine guns.
5. Light mechanical landing craft
JDT-1 type, JDT1-JDT600, a total of 600 ships were built, and 316 were commissioned before the war.
Full load 60 tons, 2 gasoline main engines, 440 horsepower, two-shaft propulsion, speed 8 knots.
With a crew of 4 people, it can carry 35 tons of cargo or 80 soldiers.
6. Light infantry landing craft
QBDT-1 type, QBDT1-QBDT800, a total of 800 ships were built, of which 402 were commissioned before the war.
Full load of 15 tons, 1 Taipei Ocean Heavy Industries HK-H2 gasoline main engine, 220 horsepower, speed 8 knots, crew of 2 people, can load 4 tons of cargo or 36 armed soldiers.
7. Universal Amphibious Landing Vehicle (TDC)
In 1913-1914, a small number of unprotected TDC-1 models were manufactured for testing, with only 18 people on board, and the maximum speed was only 20 km/h on land and 7 km/h on water.
TDC-2 amphibious armored personnel carrier: In 1914, mass production of the TDC-2 and its derivatives began, with a total combat weight of 18.5 tons, a length of 9.4 meters, a width of 3.6 meters, a height of 2.7 meters, and a height of 480 mm from the ground. With a crew of 3 and a crew of 30 people, in addition, it is possible to transport 4 tons of combat materiel.
Equipped with 1 Taipei Ocean Heavy Industries 220 horsepower HK-9D aero engine, the maximum speed on land is 22 kilometers per hour, and the speed on water is 6-7 kilometers per hour (track paddling navigation).
Key parts of the hull are equipped with 7-10 mm armor steel plates.
Armament is 1-2 machine guns.
Variants:
TDC-37 Amphibious Fighting Vehicle: Equipped with a modified main turret of the Flying Wolf Light Chariot IV, the hull and turret are steel armor riveted structure, the thickness of the armor in the key parts of the hull is 7-10 mm, the armor thickness on the front of the turret is 10-15 mm, and the sides and rear of the turret are 7-10 mm. The turret is equipped with a light tank gun modified from a 37 mm naval rapid-fire gun, with a maximum range of 2,100 meters and a hownel weighing 1 kg. The turret is equipped with a 7-point 92 mm coaxial machine gun and one roof machine gun. 2 movable machine guns (with shields) were installed in the rear of the hull. The crew is 7.
TDC-75 Amphibious Combat Vehicle: Equipped with a newly designed special turret (with an open top), 7-10 mm armor in key parts of the hull, 10-15 mm thick armor on the front of the turret, and 7-10 mm on the sides and rear. The turret is equipped with a 75 mm infantry gun with a maximum firing range of 3,000 meters, a shell weight of 4 kg, and 120 rounds of ammunition in the vehicle. 1 coaxial machine gun and 1 roof machine gun. Crew 5.
TDC-LP90 90mm amphibious self-propelled howitzer: the gun body is erected at the rear of the TDC-2 landing vehicle with an open hull of 15 degrees to the left and 35 degrees to the right of the directional firing range. The maximum range is 6900 meters, the ammunition weighs 12 kilograms, and the vehicle has 40 rounds of ammunition. There is one self-defense machine gun on the left side of the hull. The crew is 6 people.
TDC-PP160 160mm amphibious self-propelled mortar: The gun body is erected at the rear of the TDC-2 landing vehicle openly, and the directional firing range is 35 degrees to the left and right. The 160-mm mortar shell weighs 26 kg and has a maximum firing range of 3600 meters. The car had 24 rounds of ammunition. The crew is 6 people.