Chapter 221: Banks

In the room, several ink calligraphy and paintings hang on the wall, all of which are famous treasures, and on the rosewood shelves on the side are some antique treasures.

These are all gifts sent by some of the following people during the group period or after Yan Shao became the governor of Anhui, and Yan Shao was not easy to refuse, so they were all placed in the house, and after a long time, his collection became much richer.

Sitting behind the desk, Yan Shao was playing with a silver coin in his hand, but he didn't even look at the antique treasure next to him. In fact, in his opinion, the silver coin in his hand was indeed much more interesting than those antique curiositiesβ€”β€”β€”β€”β€”β€” at least for him at this stage.

Yan Shao is actually not very interested in antiques and treasures, so it doesn't mean that he doesn't like it, if he doesn't like it, he won't put it in the room. It's just that he is not very good at these things, and he doesn't have that much energy and motivation if he wants to learn.

"Li Liang, what do you think about opening a bank and issuing currency by ourselves?"

"Open a bank?" Li Liang, who was admiring a jade cup on the wooden shelf, was stunned when he heard this, Yan Shao was not interested in antiques, it didn't mean that other people were not interested, at least Li Liang and other people were still very interested, and they would usually go to Yan Shao when they had nothing to do, but after hearing Yan Shao's words, although his attention was focused on antiques, he still groaned and said. "This is a good idea, although the military government is not short of money now, but if it can mint its own coinage, it is still very beneficial to increase the revenue of the military government, and now there are many varieties of silver dollars, including about 100 kinds at home and abroad. If it can be unified, it will also be conducive to the stability of the political power and the development of the economy. ”

That's right, there are almost 100 kinds of silver dollars in circulation in China today. The weight and fineness of each silver dollar are different, which is very troublesome. Among the more famous are the Mexican silver dollar, which is the more famous eagle ocean, and the trade silver dollar issued by the British, that is, the 'station man' and the like. The circulation of so much currency in a country is obviously very detrimental to the development of the economy, and if it were not for this, it would be impossible for Yuan Shikai to unify the currency after becoming president. It happened later as 'Yuan Datou'.

However, after listening to Yan Shao's words, Yan Shao shook his head and chuckled. "Not just silver dollars, but paper money..."

"Banknotes?"

"That's right. Paper money is obviously much more convenient than the silver dollar, so I plan to issue paper money after I set up a bank..."

"But..."Li Liang, who originally had some agreement, heard Yan Shao say that he wanted to issue banknotes. Suddenly hesitated. "Banknotes. Will the common people approve of it? ”

Paper money is not new today, not to mention that China was the first country in the world to use paper money. The problem is that indiscriminate issuance of paper money will not only destabilize the economy, but also damage the credibility of the government.

Especially the current Anhui military government, after all, is only a military government of a local province, if it issues paper money, even if Yan Shao's prestige is high. It's really hard to say whether the people will buy this kind of money-related thing, and the people in this province don't buy it. Not to mention people from other provinces.

"I have also taken this into consideration..."Of course Yan Shao thought of this question, in fact, now the Anhui military government has just been established, if the government's credit is used to issue banknotes, it is really difficult to say whether the people will buy it, and if it is forcibly apportioned to government officials or soldiers in the army, it will also damage their loyalty to Yan Shao, that's right, Yan Shao's, don't look at the people below who are following him now, that's because if you follow Yan Shao, your own interests will not be harmed, and you can get a lot of benefits, but if you are damaged, For them, it was enough to remove the person who sat in the position of governor and replace him with someone who would not harm their interests.

"So I thought about it, after the implementation of paper money, we can also set a rule, that is, paper money can be directly exchanged for silver dollars or gold in the bank, of course, there needs to be an upper limit, such as how many banknotes can be exchanged for silver dollars or gold, so that people do not need to worry about credit problems..."

This is similar to the foreign bullion standard, which is also known as the "raw gold standard", which refers to the domestic non-minting and non-circulating gold coins, and only issuing bank bills (or banknotes) representing a certain weight of gold to circulate, and the bank bills (or banknotes) cannot be freely exchanged for gold and gold coins, and can only be exchanged for gold bullion to the issuing bank under certain conditions.

The bullion standard is a monetary system in which gold is used as a reserve and a value symbol with legal gold content is used as a means of circulation. Gold is concentrated in the central bank only as a reserve for monetary issuance, and gold coins are no longer minted and circulated. The currency in circulation is completely replaced by value symbols such as bank bills, which can be exchanged for gold for a certain amount of gold according to their gold content. The central bank maintains a certain amount of gold reserves to maintain the link between gold and currency.

At least at present, the gold standard, including the gold bullion standard, is the mainstream monetary system of various countries, in fact, Yan Shao originally planned to implement the gold bar standard in one step and directly. After all, there are very few countries that still use silver dollars as currency, and the silver dollar has been depreciating in recent years.

But after all, it is still in a state of military government, and there is only one place under the jurisdiction of the military government, Anhui. If the implementation of credit currency is replaced by Yuan Shikaiβ€”β€”β€”β€”β€”β€” here is talking about the abdication of the Qing Dynasty.

If it was Yuan Shikai at that time, there would be more or less a trace of possibility.

But for Yan Shao, there is really no possibility at all.

At least in Yan Shao's view, if you want to issue credit currency, you first need to end the military and political stage, and it is possible to enter the stage of political training.

"Is the nugget standard?" After all, he was the Minister of Finance, and after listening to Yan Shao's words, Li Liang quickly understood. "What do you mean?"

"Later, I asked Elaline to arrange to buy some real money from abroad and use it as a reserve. Preparation for the issuance of banknotes. Speaking of which, Yan Shao looked at Li Liang again. Speaking of which, how much do you think this exchange limit is appropriate? 100 pieces? 1000 pieces? Or 10,000 pieces? ”

"10,000 yuan..."After thinking about it, Li Liang replied. This exchange system is the currency. In fact, I didn't plan to let ordinary people exchange it, after all, if it could be exchanged at will, it would be a big trouble in itself. And now the salary of an ordinary person is only about 50 yuan a year, and the employees in our group are much stronger than other places, but they are only barely close to 100 yuan, since those ordinary people around them can't be exchanged, it is better to set the number at 10,000 yuan..."

After listening to Li Liang's words. Yan Shao nodded. "Okay, I'll let Eleno prepare this later, as well as the bank. Especially the equipment for printing banknotes and minting silver dollars..."

If you only issue banknotes, after all, it is still a bit risky, not to mention that even in later generationsβ€”β€”β€”β€”β€”β€” there are coins, although they are all small denominations, and in addition to 1 yuan coins. The rest of the coins are basically no longer able to buy anything.

So Yan Shao planned to come with banknotes and silver dollars. After the end of the military and political stage and the entry into the stage of political training, Yan Shao slowly reduced the silver dollar, made paper money the mainstream as much as possible, and implemented credit money after achieving this goal and at the same time the government's credit was sufficient, that is, not converting paper money.

After speaking, Yan Shao saw that Li Liang's eyes had been focused on the jade cup on the wooden frame, and smiled helplessly. "Like it? If you like it, take it back, right? ”

"Really? What's so embarrassing...", he excused himself. Li Liang was a little embarrassed, but waited until Yan Shao said it again. He didn't hesitate to take the jade cup in his hand.

Li Liang knows very well that his boss is not interested in this kind of thing at all, and it is usually because of the relationship between Elaline and Katarina, otherwise he would just find a warehouse and install it, which is simply a pearl.

Because of this, Li Liang and several other people who love this kind of thing sighed.

Now that Yan Shao is willing to give him one, it is naturally impossible for him to refuse.

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Banks, in fact, have existed for a long time, but in modern China, the first bank founded by Chinese in the true sense should be China International Commercial Bank.

In 1895, after China's defeat in the First Sino-Japanese War, due to the need to pay huge indemnities, foreign enterprises experienced a serious shortage of funds. On May 27, 1897, the China International Commercial Bank was established at No. 6 the Bund in Shanghai, with a paid-in capital of 2.5 million taels, of which 1 million taels came from the steamship China Merchants Bureau and the telegraph bureau supervised by Sheng Xuanhuai, 780,000 taels were invested by Li Hongzhang and other officials, and the rest were commercial stocks. In 1898, the bank issued banknotes, which were discontinued after 1912.

The first government-run bank was the Daqing Bank, which was founded in July of the 34th year of Guangxu (1908) of the Qing Dynasty, and was originally known as the Hubu Bank of the Qing government, and in the 32nd year of Guangxu (1906), the Hubu Bank was renamed the Daqing Bank. After the Xinhai Revolution, the Nanjing Provisional Government was established, and the Daqing Bank was reorganized as the Bank of China.

Starting a bank is not a simple task, first of all, you need to have sufficient professionals, and secondly, coinage and money printing machines.

The former is also counted, the latter is very critical, after all, if the banknote is not up to standard, it is likely to appear counterfeit, this problem is very serious.

"In addition, let's talk about this silver yuan..."In the conference room of the Governor's Mansion, Yan Shao called almost everyone over for the bank's affairs, except for Zong Wu and Li Guoyun, because these two people are now in a meeting in Nanjing.

"In the case of silver dollars, I plan to divide them into several grades, such as one dollar, five cents, two cents, and one dime, and there are also nickel coins, five cents, and five copper coins, two cents, one cent, five cents, two cents, and one cent..."

"At the same time, after deciding to start a bank, we also consulted several other banks, so I decided that the weight of one dollar in the silver dollar should be seven cents and two cents, and that the silver dollars minted by the bank in the future will use this standard..."

Do you mint coins, you always have to ask how other banks do it, and this is the result of Yan Shao and Li Liang's discussion. The so-called seven coins and two cents refer to the total weight of Kuping silver, which is 26.86 grams, which contains six coins and eight cents of silver. It is cast in the manner of silver and nine bronze one.

"In addition, the obverse of the silver dollar is the military flag of our military government, that is, the red dragon flag and the year number of the mint, and the back is the ornament and the currency value..."

Yan Shao didn't plan to get his own head on the front of the silver dollarβ€”β€”β€”β€”β€”β€” the silver dollar was too small. Even if you get it, it's not like it, it's better not to get it.

Of course, Yan Shao did not intend to give up such an opportunity to expand his influence, so Yan Shao had decided to wait for the printing of banknotes in the future, and the front of the banknotes would be replaced with his own avatar.

It is important to know that the issuance of banknotes is much larger than that of coins...

Naturally, like coins, banknotes are divided into different grades. The highest level is one dollar, and then five cents, two cents, one dime, five cents, two cents, and one penny...

As for the high amount, it is not necessary, after all, in this era. Six dollars is equivalent to a month's salary for most people. If you really need a denomination of tens, hundreds, or even thousands of dollars, it is better to get a check directly.

When Yan Shao bought stocks in London, he used 1,000 pound banknotes issued by the Bank of Englandβ€”β€”β€”β€”β€”β€” which is actually a cheque, but it can also be called a banknote.

In fact, if not a check. Which country would have the leisure to get a Β£1,000 banknote? He's not Zimbabwe...

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At the meeting of the Governor's Palace, the matter concerning the bank was quickly approved.

According to Li Liang. "It's also a good thing, because if the banks are really successful, then the junta's financial problems can be solved." Moreover, if you want to strengthen the country, you must first give industries to those who have them, and banks can also issue low-interest loans to some capitalists who want to start industries or increase the scale of enterprises, so as to promote the development of industries, and so on..."

For Li Liang and others, the former is obviously the most important. After all, when the junta's finances are good, many things can be done more smoothly. Naturally, the current junta does not need to worry about money. After all, no matter how much money is lacking, Yan Shao can afford it.

If needed, Yan Shao's net worth can even support the country's financial expenditure, and it can last for many years.

But after all, the military government belongs to the whole of Anhui, and in the future, it will be the whole country. Although most people don't mind Yan Shao's dictatorship, they are afraid that Yan Shao will make the government a family, and finally even to the point of wanting to become emperorβ€”β€”β€”β€”β€”β€” although the latter is still a little far from now.

Therefore, if they can, whether it is Li Liang or Li Guoyun and Zongwu, who are far away in Nanjing and have already learned about the bank, they all hope that the military government can reduce its dependence on Yan Shaoβ€”β€”β€”β€”β€”β€” it has only been more than one month since Anqing was restored, and the military government's expenditure has reached more than 50 million yuan, which is already equivalent to Anhui's taxes for five years.

The reason why I can get it is completely because of Yan Shao's backing.

After all, more than 50 million pounds is more than 5 million pounds. And Yan Shao's safe contains wealth worth more than 100 million pounds. And because of the relationship between the automobile factory and several other industries, these belongings will grow at a rate of tens of millions of pounds or even tens of millions of pounds every year.

For Yan Shao, five million pounds is really a drizzle, although for such a little drizzle, there are many people in the country who are willing to sell the interests of the country...

Compared with Li Liang or others, Yan Shao attaches more importance to the consequences.

As I said in the past, the economic foundation determines the superstructure, and if the economy is not good, it is useless to do anything else, so the most important thing for Yan Shao at present is to develop industry. After all, industry is the foundation of the economy, without industry, there is no way to develop the economy, as for finance or something...

Due to the impact of the London stock market crash some time ago, no one has dared to participate in this kind of game for a long time.

What's more, even if there are already various securities exchanges, the means of communication in this era are too backward, and if there is really any trouble, the possibility of being able to react is very small.

Therefore, the most important thing for Yan Shao is to develop industry, and it is of course a good thing to lend money to those young industrialists who have no money, after all, the establishment of industry can not only solve the financial problem, but also solve the problem of unemployment is really very useful...

"Regarding the minting machine and the money printing machine, we have contacted a German foreign firm, and the specific design will be imported from Germany, and there will be strict quality control throughout the process..."Standing up from his seat, Li Liang pursed his lips and looked at the report in his hand. Now we're making big deals with the Germans, so I'm sure they're not going to do anything in there. ”

"In addition, regarding the bank staff, the work of the bank requires a high degree of professionalism, but we obviously do not have such members on our side, and if they are hastily hired, they may make some trouble."

"So after researching, we decided to first transfer a group of young and capable accountants from various departments within the military government..." Now we have a good relationship with Lihe Foreign Bank, so the military government decided to send everyone to a German bank for internships, so that even if they are rushed to work in the future, they don't have to worry about any trouble.

Speaking of this, Li Luliang looked up at Yan Shao. "Speaking of which, what's the name of the new bank?" (To be continued......)