1905 Reorganizational of the Imperial Army

A. From 1905 to 1917, the reorganization of the national army was completed within 12 years.

(b) All units of the Standing Army shall complete mobilization within 5 days after the issuance of the mobilization order, the first batch of national defense reserve forces shall complete the mobilization within 15 days after the issuance of the mobilization order, and the second batch of national defense reserve forces shall complete the mobilization within 45 days after the mobilization order is issued.

C. By 1917, the following arrangements were to be completed:

1. Standing Army

The Praetorian Guards consisted of: the 1st and 2nd Praetorian Divisions, the 7th-15th Independent Janissaries Brigades, the Praetorian Teaching Brigade, and the 1st-3rd Janissaries Regiments.

The standing forces of national defense include: the 1st to 13th Infantry Divisions, Army Instructors, the 201st-208th Independent Infantry Brigades, the 1st-15th Cavalry Regiments.

The standing army has a total of 16 divisions, 18 independent infantry brigades, and 18 cavalry regiments.

other

It is planned to set up 48 independent artillery battalions, including:

4 battalions of 380 mm siege guns [3 guns per battalion] [12 guns in total]

3 305 mm train gun battalions [3 guns per battalion] [9 guns in total]

6 305mm siege artillery battalions [9 guns per battalion] [54 guns in total]

4 battalions of 240 mm heavy mortars [18 guns per battalion] [72 guns in total]

8 battalions of 210 mm heavy field artillery [9 guns per battalion] [72 guns in total]

6 battalions of 160 mm heavy mortars [18 guns per battalion] [108 guns in total]

8 battalions of 150 mm heavy howitzers [18 guns per battalion] [144 guns in total]

9 battalions of 105 mm heavy field artillery [18 guns per battalion] [162 guns in total]

The total strength of the independent artillery is about 40,000 people.

It is planned to set up 50 independent engineer battalions: 482 personnel per battalion. The total strength is 24,100 people.

It is planned to set up 60 independent transport battalions: each battalion has a battalion headquarters of 40 personnel in peacetime and 442 personnel in wartime. The total strength is 2,400 in peacetime and 26,520 in wartime.

The above field and field auxiliary forces were about 1.05 million before mobilization, and can reach about 1.2 million after mobilization.

In addition, there are about 250,000 servicemen on active duty in headquarters organs at all levels, logistics organs, mobile training institutions, army hospitals, military academies and scientific research institutions, floating units, border defense units, and army fortress garrison units.

The total number of active duty soldiers in the army is about 1.3 million.

2. Reserves

The first batch of defense reserve units consisted of the 14th-25th Reserve Infantry Divisions and the 301-310th Reserve Separate Infantry Brigade. Cavalry 21-28 regiments. There are 12 infantry divisions, 10 separate infantry brigades and 10 cavalry regiments, as well as 40 reserve engineer battalions and 60 reserve transport battalions, with a total strength of about 820,000 troops.

The second batch of defense reserve forces includes: the 26th-36th Reserve Infantry Division, the 401-416th Reserve Separate Infantry Brigade. There are 10 infantry divisions and 16 independent infantry brigades, as well as 40 reserve engineer battalions and 60 reserve transport battalions, with a total strength of about 770,000 troops.

D. The new establishment of the Army in 1905 was as follows (regardless of the Janissaries and the Wehrmacht):

1. Summary of the formation of infantry platoons to infantry divisions

1. Infantry platoon [46 people] [with 2 light machine guns, 42 rifles, 2 pistols]

Jurisdiction:

3 infantry squads [1 squad leader, 2 squad deputies, 9 soldiers, a total of 12 people] [with rifles 12]

1 platoon squad [1 platoon commander and platoon deputy, 2 signal soldiers, 2 three-person light machine gun groups] [2 pistols, 6 rifles, 2 light machine guns]

2. Infantry company [180 people] [with 2 60mm mortars, 8 light machine guns, 154 rifles, 8 pistols]

Jurisdiction:

3 infantry platoons [46 people*3]

1 company squad [14 people] [see Appendix 1 for establishment] [2 pistols, 10 rifles]

1 supply squad [14 people] [1 squad leader, 1 deputy squad, 12 soldiers] [14 rifles]

1 machine gun squad [14 people] [1 squad leader and 1 deputy squad, 3 people 60 mortar team 2, 3 people light machine gun team 2] [60 mortars 2, light machine guns 2, rifle 4]

1 stretcher detachment [none in peacetime, deployed by superiors in wartime depending on the situation]

3. Infantry battalion [732 in peacetime, 764 in wartime] [3 80mm mortars, 6 60mm mortars, 9 heavy machine guns, 26 light machine guns, 559 rifles, and 47 pistols] [After 1912, each battalion was equipped with an infantry artillery platoon, equipped with 3 75mm infantry guns, and a total of 36 people, including 12 gunners, 4 platoon squads, and 20 ammunition squads]

Jurisdiction:

3 infantry companies [180 people*3]

1 battalion platoon [40 personnel] [see Appendix 1 for establishment] [1 light machine gun, 15 rifles, 11 pistols]

1 machine gun company [94 personnel] [see Appendix 2 for establishment] [3 80mm mortars, 9 heavy machine guns, 34 rifles, 10 pistols]

1 supply platoon [50 people] [1 platoon commander and platoon deputy, 3 orderlies, 3 supply squads, 1 three-person light machine gun group] [1 light machine gun, 48 rifles, 2 pistols]

1 battalion clinic [8 people in peacetime, expanded to 40 people in wartime]

1 stretcher team [not available in peacetime, deployed by superiors in wartime]

4. Infantry regiment [2,994 in peacetime, 3,154 in wartime, excluding sanitary company]

Jurisdiction:

3 infantry battalions [732*3]

1 regimental headquarters company [70 personnel] [see Appendix 1 for establishment]

1 regimental mountain artillery battalion [318 people] [see Appendix 2 for establishment] [equipped with 12 75mm field or mountain guns, 6 120mm mortars, a total of 18 guns, the artillery can be disassembled and carried out as a pack or manpower]

1 guard platoon [46 people, 2 light machine guns, 42 rifles]

1 reconnaissance platoon [40 people, 38 rifles]

1 communication platoon [40 people]

1 engineer company [134 people]

1 baggage company [134 people]

1 regimental medical center [16 people in peacetime, expanded to 80 people in wartime]

1 health company [i.e., stretcher brigade, no in peacetime, and deployed by superiors in wartime depending on the situation]

5. Infantry Brigade: [11,738 in peacetime, about 12,800 in wartime]

Jurisdiction:

3 infantry regiments [2994*3]

1 brigade battalion [270 personnel] [see Appendix 1 for establishment]

1 brigade field artillery battalion [910 personnel] [see Appendix 2 for establishment] [with 18 90mm light howitzers, 6 160mm mortars, a total of 24 guns]

1 guard company [180 people]

1 reconnaissance company [194 people] [horses, bicycles, motorcycles, cars, balloons, etc.]

1 communication company [134 people]

1 engineer battalion [482 people]

1 baggage battalion [442 people]

1 brigade ordnance station [104 people]

1 brigade hospital [40 people in peacetime, expanded to 200 field hospital in wartime]

1 brigade health camp [none in peacetime, about 450 people in wartime] [equipped with stretchers, carriages, cars, etc.]

6. Integrated infantry division: [44,034 in peacetime, about 50,000 in wartime]

Jurisdiction:

3 infantry brigades [11738*3]

1 division battalion [470 people]

1 divisional artillery brigade [3026 people] [equipped with 36 105mm heavy field guns, 18 150mm heavy howitzers, a total of 54 guns]

1 guard battalion [912 people] [Note: 4 guard companies]

1 cavalry battalion [730 people]

1 communications battalion [442 people]

1 baggage regiment [1,396 in peacetime, two additional transport battalions in wartime, reaching 2,280 people]

1 engineer regiment [1,516 people]

1 division ordnance factory [248 people]

1 divisional field hospital [80 in peacetime, expanded to 400 divisional field hospital in wartime]

1 division health regiment [none in peacetime, about 900 people in wartime] [equipped with stretchers, carriages, cars, etc.]

2. Independent Infantry Brigade: [12,548 in peacetime, about 13,600 in wartime]

3 infantry regiments [2994*3]

1 brigade artillery regiment [1084 people] [2 companies with 12 105mm heavy field guns, 2 companies with 12 90mm howitzers, 1 company with 6 160mm mortars, a total of 30 guns]

1 brigade battalion [270 people]

1 guard company [180 people]

1 communication company [134 people]

1 Search Battalion [686 people] [1 Cavalry Company (176 people), 2 Search Company (180 people*2 people), Balloon Platoon Platoon 1 (60 people, 3 observation/school balloon launchers), 1 battalion headquarters platoon (40 people), Supply Platoon 1 (50 people)]

1 baggage battalion [586 people] [1 transport company more than the infantry brigade under the division]

1 engineer battalion [482 people]

1 brigade ordnance station [104 people]

1 brigade hospital [40 people in peacetime, expanded to 200 field hospital in wartime]

1 brigade health camp [none in peacetime, about 450 people in wartime] [equipped with stretchers, carriages, cars, etc.]

3. Independent Cavalry Regiment: [2,900 in peacetime, 2,964 in wartime]

3 cavalry battalions [730 people] [each battalion has 4 cavalry companies, each cavalry company has 4 cavalry platoons, each cavalry platoon has 42 people, and the cavalry company headquarters has 8 people, and the cavalry battalion headquarters has 26 people]

1 regimental headquarters company [94 people] [Note: including 32 people from the veterinary clinic and the sick horse factory]

1 mounted artillery battalion [330 men] [3 57mm cavalry artillery companies, 80 men and 6 guns per company] [18 57mm cavalry guns, artillery with four portable gun wagons or disassembled and loaded]

1 machine gun company [94 people] [12 counterweight machine guns (wheeled gun mounts, which can be towed directly, carried by horse-drawn carriage or carried by mule and horse)]

1 baggage company [134 people]

1 armory station [42 people]

1 regimental medical center [16 people in peacetime, 80 people in wartime] [equipped with a portable medical carriage]

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Appendix 1: Establishment of command organs at all levels

(1) 14 company squad [10 rifles, 2 pistols]

Company Commander 1

Company 1

Secretary 1

Trumpeter 1

Flag-bearer 1

Herald 3

Sanitary Corps 2

Cook 2

Orderlies 2

(2) The battalion headquarters platoon has 40 men [equipped with 1 light machine gun, 15 rifles, and 11 pistols]

Battalion commander 1

Battalion deputy 1

Staff Officer 5 [1 each for Director, Training, Intelligence, Personnel, Supplies] [Pistol 5]

Accounting 1

Instrument 2

Flag Bearer 1 [with pistol]

Trumpeter 1 [with pistol]

7 people in the communication class [with 1 telephone, 2 pistols, 5 rifles]

Guard squad 12 people [10 rifles, 1 machine gun]

There are 2 people in the cooking class

There are 7 people in the service class

(3) The regimental headquarters company has an establishment of 70 members

Regiment Commander 1 [with Adjutant 1, Guard 1]

Regimental Deputy 1 [with Guard 1]

Staff Officer 10 [Sub-Director, Training, Intelligence, Personnel, and Supply Sections]

Accountant 2 people

5 clerks

3 flag bearers

8 members of the military music class [1 military music officer, 7 musicians]

Regiment veterinarian station 8 people

12 members of the gendarmerie squad

There are 2 people in the cooking class

There are 15 people in the service class

(4) The brigade headquarters and battalion establishment are 270

Brigade Commander 1 [with 2 adjutants, 3 guards, 1 clerk, 2 orderlies]

Deputy Brigade Commander 1 [with 1 guard, 1 orderly]

Chief of Staff 1 [with Adjutant 1, Guard 1, Clerk 1, Orderly 1]

Deputy Chief of Staff 1 [with 1 security officer and 1 orderly]

The brigade staff department is responsible for eight sections: training, intelligence, quartermaster, ordnance, personnel, military law, finance, and general affairs

There are 16 officers, 2 accounting officers, 4 accountants, 8 clerks, and 24 service officers in the eight sections

12 members of the marching band

Military police platoon 46 people

36 people in the communications company [4 officers, 6 non-commissioned officers, 26 soldiers] [2 radio stations, 1 carrier pigeon, 12 telephones, 10 pistols, 32 rifles]

35 people from the brigade veterinary institute (including the sick horse factory).

There are 8 people in the canteen of the brigade headquarters

There are 36 people in the order platoon

(5) The division headquarters and battalion establishment are 470

Division Commander 1 [with Adjutant 3, Guard 3, Clerk 2, Orderly 2]

Deputy Division Commander 1 [with 1 guard, 1 orderly]

Chief of Staff 1 [with Adjutant 1, Guard 2, Clerk 1, Orderly 1]

Deputy Chief of Staff [with 1 security officer, 1 orderly soldier]

The division's staff department is responsible for eight divisions, including training, intelligence, quartermaster, ordnance, personnel, military law, finance, and general affairs, with a total of 32 officers, 2 accounting officers, 4 accountants, 16 clerks, and 32 service soldiers

The division honor guard is 16 people

There are 16 members of the divisional military band

180 members of the gendarmerie company

87 people in the division and veterinary hospital (including the sick horse factory).

There are 12 people in the canteen of the division headquarters

The order platoon is 50 people

Appendix 2: Establishment of fire support units at all levels

(1) Battalion machine gun company [94 people] [3 80mm mortars, 9 heavy machine guns, 34 rifles, 10 pistols]

Subordinate:

1 company squad [14 people] [2 pistols, 10 rifles]

3 machine gun platoons [20 people*3] [3 counterweight machine guns, 6 rifles, 2 pistols]

1 mortar platoon [20 people] [with 3 80mm mortars, 6 rifles, 2 pistols]

(2) Regimental artillery battalion: [318 people] [equipped with 12 75mm field or mountain guns, 6 100mm mortars, all of which can be carried on a carrier or by manpower, and 117 rifles]

Jurisdiction:

2 mountain artillery/infantry artillery batteries [80 people*2] [company headquarters and 3 artillery platoons, 2 artillery squads and 1 guard group per platoon, a total of 22 people] [the whole company is equipped with 24 mules and horses, 6 75mm mountain rifles, and 18 rifles]

1 mortar company [68 people] [under the jurisdiction of the company headquarters and 3 artillery platoons, each platoon has 2 artillery squads and 1 guard group with a total of 18 people] [the whole company is equipped with 12 mules and horses, 6 100mm mortars, and 18 rifles]

1 battalion platoon [40 people]

Supply platoon 1 [50 people] [with 48 mules and horses, 1 light machine gun, 48 rifles, 2 pistols]

(3) Brigade artillery regiment [910 people] [18 90mm howitzers and 6 160mm mortars]

Jurisdiction:

3 75 Field Artillery Companies [174 people*3] [40 people in charge of the company headquarters, 3 artillery platoons and 1 supply platoon, 2 artillery squads and 1 guard squad in each platoon] [The whole company is equipped with 6 90mm howitzers, 6 seven-horse artillery carriages, 6 quadruple carriages, 25 double-carriages, 116 horses, and 16 horses]

160 mortar company 1 [174 people] [under the jurisdiction of the company headquarters, 3 artillery platoons and 1 supply platoon, each artillery platoon 2 artillery squads and 1 guard squad for a total of 40 people] [the whole company is equipped with 6 160 mm mortars, 6 seven-gun vehicles, 6 quadruple carriages, 25 double-troikas, 116 horses, 16 horses]

1 battalion platoon [40 people] [12 carriages, 24 horses, 8 horses]

1 ordnance platoon [40 people] [8 carriages and 16 horses]

1 baggage company [134 people] [with 50 carriages, 100 horses, 10 horses]

(4) Divisional artillery brigade [3026 people] [with 36 105mm heavy field guns in the 2nd battalion and 18 150mm heavy howitzers in the 1st battalion]

Jurisdiction:

2 battalions of 105 heavy field artillery (cannons) [736 people*2] [174 men per artillery company] [18 105 mm heavy field guns (cannons) per battalion] [Note: 105 heavy field guns with nine artillery vehicles]

1 150 heavy howitzer battalion [838 people] [208 people per artillery company] [18 150mm heavy howitzers per battalion] [Note: 150 heavy howitzers with 11 artillery vehicles]

1 regimental headquarters company [70 people]

1 artillery observation company [194 people] [with horses, carriages, motorcycles, cars, observation balloons, etc.]

1 regimental baggage battalion [452 people]