After the king of Qi fled to Gaomi, he sent someone to Chu for help. When Han Xin attacked Linzi, Xiang Yu heard the news and personally led his troops and horses to join forces with Qi Wang Tian Guang to fight against the Han, claiming to be 200,000 people. Someone came to offer advice to Longhe: the Han army fought on an expedition and was invincible, while the local soldiers of Qi and Chu were easy to scatter, and it was better to have a deep ditch and a high fortress, and to defend as an attack. Recruiting and appeasing the fallen cities, so that the king of Qi is saved, and Chu comes to the rescue, which will definitely make the Han army unable to get food, and will be defeated without a fight. Long and despised Han Xin, and was anxious for military achievements, so he did not need to use this plan, and led his troops to set up a position with Han Xin's army across the east and west of Weishui (now Weihe in Shandong). Han Xin sent people to make more than 10,000 bags overnight, filled with sand and soil, and blocked the upper reaches of the Wei River. Led half of the army to wade into the water to attack the formation of Long Ji, Long He sent troops to meet the attack, Han Xin pretended to be defeated and retreated, Long He thought that Han Xin was cowardly, and led the army to cross the river to attack. At this time, Han Xin ordered people to break open the sand sac that blocked the Wei River, and the river rushed in, and most of Long Ji's army did not cross it. Han Xin waved his army and violently intercepted and killed

The allied forces of Qi and Chu on the east bank saw that the army on the west bank was annihilated and fled in all directions. Han Xin led his army to cross the water and pursue to Chengyang, and the Chu soldiers were all captured. Tian Guang, the king of Qi, was killed shortly after he fled. In the fourth year of the Han Dynasty (203 BC), all the land was pacified.

Pacify Shikoku

Han Xin destroyed Wei, Zhao, Wei Yan, and Ding Qi in a row, and after the Qi State was pacified, he sent someone to Liu Bang and said: "The Qi State is cunning

Han Xin's crotch was humiliated

[2] Chang was a capricious state, bordering Chu to the south, and the situation would not be stable unless a proxy king was set up to rule. I hope to be the acting king of Qi, which will be beneficial to the situation. At that time, Xiang Yu was besieging Liu Bang tightly in Xingyang, the situation was critical, and after reading the content of Han Xin's letter, Liu Bang was very angry, and scolded Han Xin for not saving Xingyang and wanting to establish himself as the king. Zhang Liang and Chen Ping secretly stepped on Liu Bang's feet, approached his ear and said, "The Han army is in a disadvantageous position, how can Han Xin be forbidden to be king?" It is better to make him king at this opportunity, and treat him well, so that he will defend himself, or there may be chaos. Liu Bang also understood after being reminded, and changed his tone and scolded: "The eldest husband is the prince, that is, the real king's ear, why fake!" ("Historical Records: The Biography of the Marquis of Huaiyin") so he sent Zhang Liang to establish Han Xin as the king of Qi and requisitioned his troops to attack the Chu army.

The defeat of the Qi State and the death of the dragon made Xiang Yu very panicked. Wu She, a native of Xutai, was sent to lobby Han Xin to oppose Han and unite with Chu, and divide the world into three parts and claim the king of Qidi. Han Xin refused and said: "I have served as the king for many years, and the official is just a man, but a man with a halberd." No one listened to my words, and no one used my schemes, so I left Chu and returned to Han. Liu Bang, the king of the Han Dynasty, gave me the seal of the general, let me lead tens of thousands of people, undressed me, gave me food to eat, and obeyed me, so I have today's achievements. King Han is so close and trusts me, it will not end well for me to betray him. I will not rebel to the Han until death, please thank King Xiang for his kindness. ”

After Wu She's lobbying failed, Qi Renkui informed Han Xin that the key to the overall situation of the world was in the hands of Han Xin, so he used Xiangren to persuade Han Xin, thinking that although he was in the position of a courtier, he had the merit of shaking the lord and was famous all over the world, so it was very dangerous. finally said that Han Xin was moved, but Han Xin hesitated and couldn't bear to betray Liu Bang, and thought that he had a great credit, Liu Bang would not come to seize his own Qi country, so he did not listen to Kuaitong's plan.

Liu Bang lost

In the fifth year of Emperor Gao of the Han Dynasty (202 BC), Liu Bang took advantage of Xiang Yu's unpreparedness and the Chu army was hungry and tired, and suddenly launched a strategic pursuit against the Chu army. About Han Xin moved south from Qi (present-day Shandong) and Peng Yue from Liangdi (present-day northeastern Henan) to encircle the Chu army. In October of the fifth year (the early Han Dynasty inherited the Qin system, and October was the first year of the year), Han Xin and Peng Yue failed to go south as scheduled. Liu Bang pursued the Chu army to Guling (northwest of present-day Huaiyang, Henan), and the Chu army counterattacked, and Liu Bang returned defeated.

In order to mobilize Han Xin and Peng Yue, Liu Bang obeyed Zhang Liang's strategy and designated the vast area east of Chen (now Huaiyang, Henan) to the sea as the fief of Han Xin, the king of Qi; Feng Peng Yue was the king of Liang, and the north of Suiyang (now Shangqiu, Henan) was drawn to Gucheng (now Dongan, Shandong) for his fief. The battle was commanded by Han Shin. Han and Peng then led their troops to attack

Picture of the rice of the drifting mother's house

Clear; Han Xin marched south from Qidi and occupied Pengcheng, the capital of Chu (present-day Xuzhou, Jiangsu), and the vast areas of present-day northern Jiangsu, northern Anhui, and eastern Henan. The Han general Liu Jia and Wang Yingbu of Jiujiang went north from Xiachengfu (now Boxian Chengfuji, Anhui); Liu Bang led his troops out of Guling to march eastward, and the Han army formed a situation of encircling the Chu army from the south, north, and west, and Xiang Yu was forced to retreat to Qixia (now Lingbi South, Anhui, now Huaiyang, Luyi, Henan).

In December of the fifth year, Liu Bang, Han Xin, Liu Jia, Peng Yue, Yingbu and other Han armies totaled about 400,000 people and 100,000 Chu troops fought a decisive battle under the wall. The Han army was centered with Han Xin leading the army, the general Kong Xi as the left wing, Chen He as the right wing, Liu Bang leading the troops to follow, and the general Zhou Bo was broken. Han Xin's army failed to attack, led his troops back, and ordered the left and right flank armies to continue the attack. The Chu army was unfavorable, and Han Xin waved his army to counterattack. The Chu army was defeated, retreated into the barrier and held on, and was heavily surrounded by the Han army. The Chu army was invincible and exhausted. Han Xin ordered the Han soldiers to sing Chu songs at night, singing clouds: "People's hearts are to Chu, and the world has belonged to Liu; Han Xin took advantage of the situation to attack, the Chu army was defeated, 100,000 troops were completely annihilated, and Xiang Yu fled to Dongcheng and died by suicide. Liu Bang then returned to Dingtao, galloped into Han Xin's army, seized his military power, and later renamed Han Xin as the king of Chu, and all went down to Pi (now east of Pi County, Jiangsu).

Give back to the drifting mother

After Han Xin arrived in the state of Chu, he summoned his mother, who had given him food back then, and rewarded her with a thousand gold. When it was the turn of the Nanchang Pavilion Chief to go to the countryside, he only rewarded him with 100 yuan, and said: "You are a villain, and doing good deeds has a beginning and an end." Then he summoned the boy who had insulted him and made him crawl under his crotch, made him lieutenant, and told the generals: "This is a strong man, and when he insults me, can I not kill him?" Killing him won't make a name for himself, so I endured it, which is what I have today. ”

After Xiang Yu's defeat, his fugitive general Zhong Lifu had a good relationship with Han Xin, so he defected to Han Xin

Wang Sun's rice picture

[3]。 Liu Bang hated Zhong Lifu, and when he heard that he was in the state of Chu, he ordered the king of Chu to arrest him. At that time, when Han Xin first arrived in the Chu State, he went to various counties and towns to inspect and send troops to martial law. In the sixth year of the Han Dynasty (201 BC), someone sued Han Xin for rebellion. Liu Bang used Chen Ping's strategy to say that the Son of Heaven was going out to inspect and meet with the princes, and notified the princes to meet in Chendi, saying: "I want to visit Yunmengze." "In fact, he wanted to attack Han Xin, but Han Xin didn't know. When Liu Bang was about to arrive in the state of Chu, Han Xin planned to raise an army to rebel, but he believed that he was innocent; I wanted to meet Liu Bang, but I was afraid of being captured. At this time, someone suggested to Han Xin: "Kill Zhong Liwu and go to meet Han Gaozu, Gaozu will be happy, and there will be no need to worry about disaster." So Han Xin discussed the matter with Zhong Liwu, and Zhong Liwu said: "The reason why Liu Bang did not attack Chu is because I am here with you, if you want to arrest me to curry favor with Liu Bang, I will die today, and it will be you Han Xin who will die next." It seems that you are not a virtuous person. As a result, Zhong Liwu committed suicide and died. Han Xin took Zhong Li's head to Chen to meet Liu Bang. Liu Bang ordered the warriors to tie up Han Xin and put him on the side car behind the emperor. Han Xin said: "If people say, 'The cunning rabbit dies, and the good dog cooks; The high bird is exhausted, and the good bow is hidden; The enemy country is broken, and the ministers are killed. 'The world has been decided, I am a Heng! Gaozu said: "Someone sued you for rebellion. "Just put on Han Shin's equipment. Returning to Luoyang, he pardoned Han Xin's sins and renamed him the Marquis of Huaiyin.

Success is degraded

Degraded to the Marquis of Huaiyin

After Han Xin was demoted to the Marquis of Huaiyin, he knew that Gaozu Liu Bang was afraid of his talents, so he often pretended to be sick and did not participate in court meetings or followers

Han Shin

On the go. Han Shin became increasingly resentful and sullen at home. I am ashamed to be on the same status as Jianghou Zhou Bo and Yingyang Hou Guanying. Once Han Xin went to visit Fan Xu, Fan Xu knelt down to greet him, and said: "The king is willing to come to the door of his subordinates, it is really the glory of his subordinates." After Han Xin went out, he said with a smile: "I am actually the same as Fan Hao in my life!"

Gaozu Liu Bang was happy to often talk to Han Xin about the talents of the generals, and Liu Bang asked: "If I can make geometry?" Han Xin said: "Bixia can only take 100,000." Liu Bang asked: "How is Yu Jun?" Han Xin said: "The more ministers there are, the better the ears." Liu Bang smiled and said: "The more the merrier, what is my bird?" Han Xin said: "Bixia can't be a general, but a good general, this is the reason why Bixia is a bird." And bixia's so-called heavenly endowment is not human. ("Historical Records: The Biography of the Marquis of Huaiyin")

During the time when Han Xin was under house arrest, he and Zhang Liang sorted out the military books since the pre-Qin period, and obtained a total of 182 military books, which was also the first large-scale military book collation in the history of our country, and laid a scientific foundation for China's military academic research. At the same time, the laws of the army were collected and supplemented. He is the author of three articles on the art of war, which have been lost.

Chen Feng was named the county guard of Julu County and came to resign to Han Xin. Han Xin resigned, took Chen Xuan's hand and looked up to the sky and sighed, "Can you talk to me?" I have something to say to you. Chen Xuan said that everything was subject to the general's orders. Han Xin said: "The place under your jurisdiction is a place where the world's elite soldiers are gathered, and you are a courtier favored by Bixia's cronies, if someone says that you are rebelling, Bixia will not believe it; If someone accuses you of rebellion, Bixia will become suspicious; If someone accuses you of rebellion for the third time, Bixia will be furious and personally lead the army to conquer. I will do the internal response for you in the capital, and you can plan the world. Chen Xianping knew Han Xin's talents, believed in his schemes, and said that everything would follow Han Xin's instructions.

Tragic end

In the tenth year of the Han Dynasty (197 BC), Chen Feng really rebelled. Liu Bangqin led the army to conquest, Han Xin said that he was sick and did not go out with Gaozu, at this time someone accused Han Xin of rebellion, and it happened that at this time one of Han Xin's disciples offended Han Xin, and Han Xin imprisoned him. In order to save his brother, the younger brother of the doorman secretly told Empress Lu that Han Xin was going to rebel. Empress Lu had no clear evidence, so she could only deceive Han Xin, so she discussed with Xiao He, Xiangguo, saying that Chen Feng had been killed, and all the princes and ministers came to the palace to congratulate. Because of his friendship with Xiao He, Han Xin entered the court, and Empress Lu sent warriors to tie up Han Xin, beheaded him in the bell room in the Changle Palace, and was exterminated by the three clans. Han Xin said when he was about to behead: "I don't need to use tricks, but I am deceived by women, isn't it heavenly!" ”

In the first month of the cold winter of 196 BC, Han Xin, the founding father of the Han Dynasty, the Marquis of Huaiyin, died in the Changle Bell Room at the age of 33. subsequently

Drifting mother rice letter map

[4], Han Xin's three clans were punished, thousands of innocents, blood stained Chang'an, the sound of crying, spread through the ages, when it was, the cold wind was cold, the sky was snowing, Chang'an was full of people sighing, all were sad, all said that Huaiyin Hou had a meal and a thousand gold, and did not forget the drifting mother; Undress and push food, rather lose the Han Emperor? Xiao He forced him to congratulate him as soon as he said a word, how could those who wanted to rebel be so frank? It is Hou who does not live up to Han, and Han endures Hou, Hou's death, unjust! A few days later, Kuaitong was brought to Gao Zu for personal interrogation. "What did you and Han Xin say that day?" Kuai channel: "My prime minister Han Xin, his face is not a marquis, and his back is unspeakably expensive." Because it is said that the Han is self-reliant, it can divide the world into three parts. Gao Zu asked again, "What does Ranxin say?" Kuaitong sighed and said: "Han Xinyan: 'The king of Han met me very well, carried me with his chariot, clothed me with his clothes, and fed me with his food. I have heard that the people who ride in people's cars carry people's troubles, those who wear people's clothes have people's worries, and those who eat people die of people, how can I see the benefits and forget my righteousness? Gao Zu was stunned for a moment, he didn't speak for a long time, but tears rolled in his eyes. Kuaitong sighed again: "The reason why Han won the world is because of the merit of the Marquis of Huaiyin." However, he didn't listen to the ministers, and thought of the grace of bixia to undress and push food, and led the army south, defeated the king of Xiang in Xiaxia, handed over the army and returned to Chu, persuaded to enter Yu Bishui, and welcomed Bixia to Chen. Woo husband, in the past, the lives of Chu and Han were all hanging on him, but he had no objection, and today he has been gathered, and he has no power and no soldiers, he actually has a rebellion, and colludes with Chen Xuan, and wants to plot misdeeds, Han Xin is really a fool! Gao Zu couldn't bear to listen to Kuaitong's rhetorical question, so he turned his head and waved his hand: "Put it away!" ”

Edit this paragraph: Han Shin's death

Regarding Han Xin's death, in the words of the person concerned: 'The cunning rabbit dies, and the good dog cooks; The birds are all gone, and the good bow is hidden; The enemy country is broken, and the ministers are killed. 'The world is decided, I will cook!' ”。 In the words of ordinary people, it is: Han Xin occupies the position of a minister, wears the authority of the lord, and does not reward his merits. Liu Laosan has no reward, so Han Xin has only a dead end. These two perspectives are combined into one. It is also the most common opinion. It has been enthusiastically embraced by millions of people for thousands of years. "The Biography of the Marquis of Huaiyin": Gaozu has come from the army, and he has seen the death of the letter, and he is happy and pity.

The birds are good and the bow is hidden

Liu Bang's emotional reaction after knowing Han Xin's death is also very revealing. Rejoice and pity! Where does the joy come from? Why pity? Hongmen banquet, Xiang Yu wanted to kill Liu Bang, but he didn't bother to kill him. Liu Bang also has such a similar psychology towards heroes. Liu Bang wanted to kill Han Xin, but because his credit was too big, he couldn't bear to kill him, which was a little different from Xiang Yu. But since he was killed, he was still happy and pitiful. It is the truest reflection of human nature. The death of any potential enemy will be happy if it is replaced.

"The Biography of the Marquis of Huaiyin" is often calm and believes that the generals can not, each has its own differences. He asked, "What if I could make geometry?" The letter said: "Bixia can only take 100,000." Shang said: "How is Yu Jun? He said: "The more ministers there are, the better the ears." Shang smiled and said: "The more the merrier, what is my fowl?" The letter said: "Bixia can't be a general, but a good general, this is the reason why Bixia is a bird." And bixia's so-called heavenly endowment is not human. ”

After Han Xin was placed under house arrest, Liu Bang often chatted with Han Xin and played chess in order to relieve his boredom and relieve his mental pressure. This is also very telling. Liu Bang felt guilty about Han Xin, why couldn't he bear to kill him?

"The Biography of the Marquis of Huaiyin": Empress Lu wanted to summon, fearing that his party would not be satisfied, but conspired with Xiao Xiangguo, deceiving people from above, saying that he had died, and the princes and ministers all congratulated. Xiang Guo said: "Although he is sick, he is strong." "The letter entered, and the Empress Lu made the samurai bind the letter and cut off the Changle Bell Room. The letter beheaded, saying: "I regret not using the plan, but for the children to deceive, isn't it heavenly!" "Sui Yixin three clans.

It is clearly written that it was Empress Lu who killed Han Xin, not Liu Bang!

Empress Lu is also a political strongman, no less than Liu Bang. Empress Lu spied into Liu Bang's heart, and wanted to kill but couldn't bear to kill, so let the old lady come! Empress Lu's killing of Han Xin was not a sycophant against Liu Bang, but a huge political conspiracy.

Han Shin set two Guinness Shijie records:

1. Han Xin was the first hero of the Han Dynasty.

2. Han Xin was the first hero of the Han Dynasty to be killed.

Lu Hou's killing of Han Xin had two effects:

1. Kill the monkey and show the chicken, the old lady even dares to kill a great hero like Han Xin, let alone you young generals.

Han Shin

2. The way Empress Lu killed Han Xin makes people shudder. She used the method of slashing first and then killing the three clans of Han Xin and Yi. And Liu Bang acquiesced in this way. The psychological effect on the ministers was no less than the two atomic bombs that the United States sent to Japan! It is tantamount to explaining to the ministers that Empress Lu has the power to cut first and then play. Who else will dare to offend Empress Lu in the future? During the day, Liu Bang didn't have a chance to do it at work, and when Liu Bang slept at night, he quickly cut through the mess and dealt with it, and by the way, he razed the three clans. Wait until the next day, when the raw rice is cooked and mature, and then play the report. Scary enough! Of course, it is impossible for Empress Lu to kill people indiscriminately, but those who are ministers have to be careful.

Empress Lü had the effect of deterring the ministers by killing Han Xin and established his authority.

The reason for Lu Hou's murder is very simple, for the sake of his own power, Lu Hou wants to kill not just one Han Xin, but all the heroes!

"Empress Dowager Lu Benji" in the autumn and August of the seventh year, Emperor Xiaohui collapsed. mourning, the queen mother cried and couldn't cry. The marquis's son Zhang Bibi was a servant, fifteen years old, and the prime minister said: "The queen mother has only filial piety, and now she is collapsing, crying is not sad, you know what it is?" The prime minister said, "What's the explanation? Bi Yi said: "The emperor is not a strong son, and the queen mother is afraid of the king." Jun today please worship Lu Tai, Lu Chan, Lu Lu as generals, the soldiers live in the north and south army, and Zhu Lu are all in the palace, in the middle of the matter, so that the queen mother is at ease, Jun and others are fortunate to get out of trouble. "The prime minister is like a trick. The Queen Mother said that her crying was mourning. This is where Lu's power begins. It is amnesty for the world.

The minister invited Bai Lu Tai, Lu Chan, and Lu Lu to be generals, and the soldiers lived in the northern and southern armies, and all of them entered the palace, and they worked in the middle, and when they were at ease, they would not kill anyone, or for power.

It can be said that starting from killing Han Xin, Empress Lu let go and killed.

"Empress Dowager Lu Benji": Empress Lu is resolute, Zuo Gaozu sets the world, and the ministers are more Lu Houli. "The Biography of Wei Bao Peng Yue": King Liang was angry with his servant and wanted to behead him. The servant died and went to the Han Dynasty, suing the king of Liang and Hu to rebel. Peng Wang Zhuangshi, the Shu of this migration, this self-legged trouble, it is better to punish it. Concubines come with you. So Empress Lu ordered his retainer Peng Yue to rebel. Tingwei Wang Tian opened the concert to invite the clan. Shang Naike, then raze the Yue clan, the country is removed.

Establish your own authority in the constant killing! Kill to the power of the sky after the survey!

The four people of "Staying in the Hou Family" have finished their lives and tend to go. Seeing it off, Mrs. Qi summoned the four people and said: "I want to make it easy, and the other four people will assist them, and their wings have been completed, and it is difficult to move." Lu Hou is really in charge. Mrs. Qi cried and said: "Dance for me Chu, I will sing for Ruo Chu." The song says: "The bird flies high, and it is a thousand miles in one fell swoop." Yu Xi has been completed, across the four seas. Across the four seas, when the can be what! Although there is a payment, Shang An has done! "The song counted, Mrs. Qi sighed and sobbed, got up, and stopped drinking.

As a feudal emperor and a political strongman, even Prince Yi can't do anything when he reaches Zuihou, which shows how great the authority of Empress Lu is to kill people!

Success or failure is a confidant, life and death are two women. It refers to: Han Xin's success and failure were all created by Xiao He, and when Han Xin was unknown, it was Xiao He who recognized the talent and strongly recommended Han Xin to become a general. At the same time, Xiao He, who knew Han Xin's weaknesses well, offered a plan to get rid of Han Xin in front of Empress Lu, as the so-called "success is also Xiao He, defeat is also Xiao He". "Survival and death of two women" refers to Han Xin's life and death are closely related to the two women, Han Xin was hungry in his early years, an old woman who washed clothes gave him life-saving food, and the other woman was Lu Hou, who designed a generation of famous generals Han Xin to die.

Such a statement is true. Han Xin died at the hands of Empress Lü, not Liu Bang. Liu Bang wanted to kill Han Xin, but he couldn't bear to kill him because of his merits. Besides, Han Xin has been placed under house arrest by Liu Bang, and there is no need to kill such a dead tiger. Killing it will incur infamy through the ages. Lu Hou spied on Liu Bang's delicate heart. Let it go. And established his own authority in killing heroes! Strengthened the dictatorship of the Lu clan! It can be said that killing Han Xin was the political need of Lu Hou Liwei. As a stumbling block to Empress Lu's dictatorship, Han Xin will always have to kill sooner or later......

There is an idiom in China, called: no poison, no husband, probably talking about people like Liu Bang.

But there is another idiom, which is more poisonous than men, called: The most poisonous woman's heart, only Empress Lu is spoken.

Taishi Gong said: I am like Huaiyin, Huaiyin people are Yu Yan, although Han Xin is cloth, his ambition is different from the others. His mother died, and he was too poor to be buried, but he camped high and open, so that ten thousand families could be placed next to him. Looking at his mother's mound, it is good. If Han Xin learns to be humble, does not cut down his own merits, and does not hold back his abilities, then he will be a few people, and Yu Han Jiaxun can be compared to Zhou, Zhao, and Taigong's disciples, and the blood will be eaten in later generations. If you don't do this, and the world has gathered, it is a plot to rebel and destroy the clan, and it is not appropriate!

Translation: I once went to Huaiyin County, and the people there told me that Han Xin's ambition was different from ordinary people, even when he was a commoner. At that time, his mother passed away, and the family was poor, and Han Shin had no way to bury his mother according to the etiquette of the time. However, he found a treasure of feng shui - a high, spacious and flat place that could accommodate tens of thousands of families as his mother's cemetery. I also went to his mother's cemetery, and it was exactly what Huaiyin's father said. If Han Xin can be allowed to cultivate morality, develop a humble and courteous character, and not boast of his own merits, and not rely on his own merits, then he will be able to complete his fame and blessings. Then, his contribution to the Western Han Dynasty can be as famous as Zhou Gongdan, Zhao Gongxiao and Jiang Taigong of the Zhou Dynasty, and his descendants can also worship him for a long time. However, Han Xin did not take the time to change himself, but when the world was unified and the people were stabilized, he conspired to rebel, and as a result, the whole clan was implicated and killed, isn't this the will of God?

Chen Guang said: Shi or Han Xin first built a big strategy, and Gaozu from Hanzhong, Dingsan Qin, then divided the army to the north, captured Wei, replaced, servant Zhao, Wei Yan, the east attacked together, and the south destroyed Chu Yuan, the reason why Han won the world, most of them believed in the merit. Looking at his rejection of Kuai's rejects and welcoming the ancestor Yu Chen, how can he be anti-hearted! The good cause was dereliction of duty, and then fell into rebellion. The husband used the old grace in Luxuan, and Wang Yan in the south of Judah, and the letter was invited by the marquis of Eliel; Isn't it true that the ancestors are also disappointed in their faith? The minister thought that Gaozu used deceit to capture Chen's trust, and his words were negative; Although, faith is also to be taken. At the beginning, Han and Chu were separated from Xingyang, and the letter was extinguished, and he did not return to the king; Later, the Han Dynasty pursued Chu to Guling, and attacked Chu together with the letter period but did not believe it; When it was, Gaozu had the inherent heart to win trust, and he couldn't listen to it. And the world has been decided, what a reply!

Translation: Ordinary people may think that Han Xin was the first person to put forward the great strategy of unifying the world, he and Liu Bang together in Hanzhong, after pacifying the Three Qin, he and Liu Bang divided their troops to attack the north, captured the King of Wei, captured the State of Dai, defeated the State of Zhao, threatened the State of Yan, took advantage of the victory to attack and occupy the State of Qi to the east, and to the south and destroyed the State of Chu under the wall, so the Han Dynasty was able to get the world, probably all of which are the credit of Han Xin. Seeing that he refused Kui Che's lobby and greeted Liu Bang in Chen, how could he have a rebellious heart?! It was because he was unhappy that he lost the prince, so he betrayed and rebelled. With the old kindness that Lu Juan was just Liu Bang's neighbor, he could still be named the king of Yan, but Han Xin could only see the monarch on time as a liege; Isn't this where Liu Bang also treats Han Xin badly? I think that Han Gaozu used fraud and trickery to capture Han Xin in Chen, and it cannot be said that there is no treatment of Han Xin; However, Han Shin was also at fault, which led to this fate. At the beginning, when Han and Chu were fighting each other in Xingyang, Han Xin happened to destroy the Qi State, but he did not immediately return to Liu Bang, but asked himself to be the fake king of Qi; Later, Liu Bang led the Han army to chase the Chu army until Guling, and made an appointment with Han Xin to attack the Chu army together, but Han Xin missed the appointment; At that time, Liu Bang had the idea of killing Han Xin, but Liliang was not enough, so he didn't dare to do it. When the world has been calmed, what else will Han Xin rely on?!

Scholars of the past dynasties on Han Xin

(Song) Sima Guang: "The world or Han Xin first built a big strategy, and Gaozu started Hanzhong, set the three Qin, then divided the army to the north, captured Wei, replaced, broke Zhao, threatened Yan, attacked Qi in the east, and destroyed Chu in the south. "Zizhi Tongjian", vol. 12, "Han Ji", IV

(Song) Su Shi: "(Han Xin) Embrace the strategy of the king, accumulate the hero's grand plan, swallow Liuhe, and cover Wanfu"

(Ming) Tang Shunzhi: "When Kong Ming first saw Zhaolie talking about the Three Kingdoms, he couldn't pass it." Therefore, it is said: Huaiyin is not a special general. ”

(Ming) Wang Shizhen: "At the beginning of Huaiyin, Emperor Gao said, at the beginning of Gaomi (Deng Yu) said Guangwu, and at the beginning of Wuxiang (Zhuge Liang) said Zhaolie. Oh, it's already there!"

(Yuan) Yang Weizhen: "On the day Han Xin ascended the altar, Bi Chen Pingsheng's painting strategy, the reason why Chu was lost, the reason why Han gained, and the plan of the three Qins was determined so that Han Xin's hand was also determined." ”

(Ming) Dong Fen: "Guanxin Zhiluo is like this, he really has the heart to expose the world, not only military strategy, so he is called 'talent'." ”

(Ming) Li Zhen: "The letter and Pei Gong first met, whenever Xiang Yu was said, the words were held by Pei Gong, and Pei Gong was benefited. ”

(Qing) Wang Mingsheng: "Guanxin introduced the art of war to prove his use of soldiers, and wrote three books, the order of the families is 35, it can be seen that the original of the letter is the original of learning. When the food is humiliated, it has been pondered for a long time, and even millions of people, the battle will be won, and the attack will be taken, all of which are based on daily knowledge, not those who try to do dangerous things. Although the letter was not transmitted, the examination of the war contained in this biography shows that it was purely a use of power, and the so-called surprise ambush and deceitful soldiers."

(Ming) Mao Kun: "Taishi Gong passed on Huaiyin, and it is not clear what his art of war taught, so this is missing." ”

(Qing) Wang Zhiyan: "The strength of the world pulls out the mountain, seeing the public tied his hands, singing the wind and thinking of the warriors, and feeling sad for it." ”

(Qing) Xu Jing: "Shi Gong cherishes Huaiyin, but not only Huaiyin." ”

(Ming) Mao Kun: "To look at the ancient soldiers, when Han Xin is the most, break Wei to Mu Poppy, break Zhao to establish Han Red Banner, break Qi to bag sand, they all come down from the sky, and have not tasted a bloody battle with the enemy." Yu Fang said: Ancient and modern, Taishi Gong, Wenxian also; Li Bai, Shi Xianye; Qu Yuan, the word is endowed with immortals; Liu Ruan, Jiuxianye; And Han Xin, the soldier immortal also! Oh yes!"

Edit the relevant allusions in this paragraph

Create chess and kites

Xiangqi is a traditional Chinese chess game. Its origin and legend are varied, and the most widely circulated theory is that it was founded in the Western Han Dynasty to command a million-strong army.

After Liu Bang unified the Western Han Dynasty, Han Xin, a general who had made many military exploits, was ensnared and imprisoned by Empress Lu. Han Xin knew that his life was coming to an end, so he planned to write a military book in prison and pass it on to future generations. Unexpectedly, Empress Lu knew about this, so he issued an edict, saying that as a criminal official, he could not be good at military writing. Han Xin was so sad and indignant that he looked up to the sky and sighed: "This mother-in-law is too vicious!" Not only the life of this king, but also the name of this king!" At that time, when a jailer heard his words, he knelt in front of Han Xin and said, "Lord Wang! You can pass on the art of using war to the villain!" Han Xin smiled bitterly and said, "If this king didn't know how to use soldiers, he wouldn't have ended up like today." Now that it's too late to regret it, how can I cause you to be killed again?" The jailer pleaded repeatedly, but Han Xin just refused.

One day, when the jailer brought food to Han Xin, the tears in his eyes swirled, as if he had something important to say to Han Xin, and he held back again. When Han Xin saw his expression, he felt bad, so he asked the jailer: "Big brother, is that mother-in-law going to poison me?" The jailer couldn't help but cry. Han Xin daxiao said: "After killing the rabbit and killing the hound, shoot all the birds and break the bow!" It's been like this since ancient times, there's nothing to be afraid of. After that, he asked the jailer to sit down, Han Xin took a chopstick, drew a box on the ground, and drew a "boundary river" in the frame, in which the words "Chu River" and "Han Boundary" were written. Then he drew thirty-six small grids on each side of the river boundary, and said: "This king is just thirty-six years old this year, and he has helped the Han Dynasty to destroy Chu all his life, and has made many great achievements, but in the end he died in a woman

Sideways portrait of Han Shin

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hand. You usually take care of me in every way, and I will never have a chance to repay you in this life and this life, so I will pass on to you the thaumaturgy I have learned in my life. As he spoke, he called the jailer to fetch a pen and paper, and cut it into thirty-two pieces, and spread them on both sides of the river within the box. The sixteen pieces of paper on one side are written with the words "handsome", "officer", "xiang", "car", "horse", "artillery", "soldier", and "soldier", and on the other side, on which are written the words "general", "soldier", "elephant", "car", "horse", "cannon", "pawn", etc.

After setting it up, Han Xin told the jailer while moving the piece of paper: "This box is a battlefield of thousands of troops, and each side represents the military strength of one side. The way of using troops is that the commander is resourceful and fickle, planning as a whole, cooperating with Qizheng, and responding to all changes with the same ......" and specifically taught the jailers how to jump off the horse and send troops. The jailer nodded and praised: "Strange! What a strange man!"

From that day on, Han Shin studied the art of war with this jailer every day guarding the box (chessboard). Soon after, Han Xin was killed by Empress Lü, and the jailer also fled. He hid in a deep mountain, built a grass hut, cultivated the land, and the whole family cultivated and fed themselves, and whenever he had free time, he concentrated on studying the thaumaturgy taught to him by Han Xin. Because the paper is easy to perish, it is replaced with a flat round small wooden lump, which is dyed red and black for good distinction. According to the homonym of "Qi", he called "Qi" "Qi", and wrote a "Chess Book" and passed it to his son. Later generations believed that although chess could be arranged, it was not really a battle between the two armies, but only a symbol, so it was called "chess".

The origin of the kite is related to Han Shin. China is the homeland of kites, called "harriers" in the south and "kites" in the north. According to legend, the inventor of the kite was the great military strategist Han Shin. In order to break the military heart of the Chu army, Han Xin sent people to make kites with cowhides, put bamboo flutes on them, and put them in the air at night, the wind blew the flute and made a desolate sound, and the Han army sang the folk songs of Chu with the flute. When Chu Jun heard the hometown sound, he missed his hometown, and his fighting spirit was weakened. As a result, the overlord of Chu was defeated and committed suicide on the edge of the Wujiang River, which is the story of the idiom "embattled". Zhao Xin of the Tang Dynasty also said in "The Lights Out Harrier": During the battle of Qixia, Han Xin made a kite and asked Zhang Liang to sit on a kite to the sky and sing Chu Song, which was transmitted to Chu Ying, which shook Xiang Yu's heart. The Song Dynasty's "Chronicle of Things" also records that Han Xin used a kite to measure distance.

Hanshin divides oil

Han Xin was a famous generalissimo in ancient China, who assisted Liu Bang in defeating Xiang Yu, the overlord of Chu, and laid the foundation of the Han Dynasty. There are some stories about smart people with Han Shin as the main character, and here is one of them.

It is said that one day, Han Shin was walking on the road on horseback and saw two people worrying about the oil on the side of the road. The two men had a basket with a capacity of 10 catties (1 catty = 500 grams) filled with oil; There is also an empty jar and an empty gourd, the jar can hold 7 catties of oil, and the gourd can hold 3 catties of oil. The 10 catties of oil should be divided equally, 5 catties per person. But no one had a scale, so they had to take the three containers they had at hand and pour them upside down. How should it be divided?

Han Xin rode on the horse, and after understanding the situation, he said: "The gourd will return to the pot and the basket, and the two of them will divide the oil and go home." "When he was done, he beat his horse and left. The two of them poured it back and forth according to Han Xin's method, and sure enough, they divided the oil in half equally, 5 catties per person, and went home happily. How does it turn around? The change process of the number of pounds of oil in each of the three containers can be seen from the table below.

Han Xin's "gourd to the jar" refers to pouring the oil in the gourd into the jar; "Returning the tank to the basket" means pouring the oil from the jar into the basket. Normally, oil is poured from a large container to a small container, but now the oil from a small container is "returned" to a large container. Pouring oil into the oil hyacinth can only get 3 catties of oil; "Return" the oil in the gourd to the tank, and "return" to the third time, and there will be 2 catties of oil in the gourd. Then "return" a full can of oil to the basket, vacate it, and "return" the 2 catties of oil in the gourd to the empty can; Zuihou poured another gourd and 3 catties of oil, "returned" to the tank, and completed the oil separation task.

Xiao He

Feng Pei raised troops to follow Liu Bang

Xiao He (257 BC - 193 BC), born in the 58th year of King Zhou (257 BC), died in the second year of Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty (193 BC) in July Xinwei. He was born in Zhongyangli, Fengyi County, Surabaya County, Qin Dynasty (that is, Zhongyangli, Fengyi, Pei County, Western Han Dynasty), and is now a native of Fengxian County, Jiangsu. Sima Qian's "Historical Records" "Xiao Xiangguo's Family" contains: "Xiao Xiangguo, Pei (County) Feng (Yi) people. The text is harmless, and it is the main official. When Gaozu was clothed, he protected Gaozu with a number of officials. "Han nationality, a politician in the early Western Han Dynasty, one of the three heroes of the early Han Dynasty. He came to Pei when he was young. County (now Pei, Jiangsu. county) Ren Gongcao, that is, the county jailer. He was diligent and studious, quick-witted, and had studied the laws of the past dynasties. Xiao He is diligent and thrifty by nature, and never extravagant and wasteful. There are the ruins of his former residence on the east bank of the moat in Fengxian County, Jiangsu Province today, and the memorial tablet of Xiao He's former residence in the Western Han Dynasty exists in the Fengxian County Museum: "Xiao Xiangguo is thrifty and heavy, and the east gate of his camp city is a remote place in Zhongyangli. ”

"Jiangnan Tongzhi" contains: "Xiao He's house is under the north city of the east gate of Fengxian County, and its place is the most secluded." It means that Xiao He built the house in the most remote place in Fengxian County, and the "Historical Records" recorded: What is the inadministered house, so that "the future generations are virtuous, and the teacher is thrifty", which means that Xiao He built the house without pulling the wall, in order to let future generations learn his frugality. He has an easy-going personality, is very good at reading people, and has made many good friends. Among them, Liu Bang, the chief of the Qin Surabaya Pavilion, Fan Xu, the scribe Cao Shen, the executioner Xiahou Ying, and the drummer Zhou Bo (the father of the famous general Zhou Yafu), because they were close in age and had the same personality, they soon became friends. Especially for Liu Bang, the feelings are even more unusual. He saw that Liu Bangqi was magnificent, extraordinary, and his conversation was different from everyone else, so he admired him very much, and used his power to secretly protect him many times. In July of the first year of Qin II (209 BC), Chen Sheng and Wu Guang rose up in Daze Township and raised the banner of anti-Qin. At this time, Xiao He was still in Pei. As a county official, he and Cao Shen, Fan Xu, Xiahou Ying, Zhou Bo and others often gathered, closely watched the development of the situation, and secretly kept in touch with Liu Bang in Mangdang Mountain.

Stay in touch about the start of the army

Under the influence of the uprisings of Chen Sheng and Wu Guang, many local officials also felt that Qin's tyranny could not last long, so they also rebelled against the imperial court and joined the rebels to protect themselves. Xiao He's Pei. The county is close to Qizhou. The county magistrate saw that the beacons were everywhere, and he was afraid that he would lose his head. So he found Xiao He, Cao Shen and others to secretly discuss the matter of raising troops. Xiao He suggested: "You are an official of the Qin Dynasty, Pei. The people of the county may not be able to listen to you, and if they want to do great things, they must invite the fugitive heroes back. In this way, Pei. The county can be as safe as Mount Tai. After listening to the county order, I felt reasonable. Xiao He promoted Liu Bang and asked the county order to pardon the crime and hire him. The county commander felt a little embarrassed at first, but then he thought about it, the world is in chaos, although Liu Bang is guilty, as long as he is willing to help me sincerely, he is the right person. So, the county order sent Liu Bang's wife's sister Lu Xu's husband Fan Hao to Mangdang Mountain to find Liu Bang and revolt together. Liu Bang readily agreed and immediately led the crowd to Benpei. county comes. Unexpectedly, the county commander saw that Liu Bang was overwhelmed, and he was worried that he would not be able to control the team, so he repented and turned Liu Bang out of the city, and arrested Xiao He and others and put them in prison. Liu Bangbing came to the city and saw that the city gate was closed, and he knew that there was a change in the city. So, he ordered the city to be surrounded and prepared to attack it. At this time, Xiao He and Cao Shen fled to Liu Bang, and Liu Bang was overjoyed. After the three of them discussed, Liu Bang wrote a letter on the silk. The old book of the county father, shot into the city with arrows. The book said: "The people of the world have endured the hardships of Qin's harsh government for a long time, but now the fathers and brothers are guarding the city for the county order. The princes of the world rose up, and they were about to break through Pei. The county seat is up. If the people of Peicheng rise up now to kill the county order and respond to the princes, the family can be saved. Otherwise, both father and son will be killed in vain. "Pei. When the people of the county read Liu Bang's letter, they gathered to attack the county office, killed the county order, and opened the city gate to welcome Liu Bang......