Since the beginning of the 20th century, the total amount of human knowledge has been growing rapidly every year, and the most intuitive feeling of this knowledge explosion is that hundreds of thousands of academic papers are published every year in the world, thousands of new books are published every day, and the latest news is broadcast on the television network all the time...... As a result, mankind has achieved more scientific and technological achievements in recent decades than in the past two thousand years combined.

In the rolling wave of knowledge, we ordinary people can occasionally catch scientific and technological terms such as Fermat's theorem, Higgs glass, iron-based superconducting materials, neutrino experiments, etc., but we will never pay too much attention to it, at most we like to hear it. People who do research are different, in addition to joy when facing the explosion of knowledge, they are more resentful and depressed:

For example, I tried my best to think of a wonderful idea, and I was about to show my hands, but when I searched on the Internet, I found that someone had thought of it a few years ago and made a very good result.

That's fine, but at most it's a few days of frustration, because this kind of thing is common in scientific research. What's worse is that I came up with a good idea, and I didn't find anyone who was the same as me when I searched on the Internet, and then I started to do experiments without sleep or food, and as a result, half of other people's papers were published, and the idea was exactly the same as my own, and at that time, I would definitely spurt out a mouthful of old blood!

In the early years, because of backward communications, information exchange was not smooth, but it was okay to encounter this situation. For example, Shinichiro Asaga of Rìmoto, and American physicists Schwinger and Feynman solved the divergence difficulty in quantum electrodynamics almost simultaneously, and the Nobel Prize was awarded to these three people at the same time. But now that the Internet information is so developed, the results made in the morning can be known to the whole world at noon. It doesn't make much sense for you to make a result in the afternoon, at most it is to verify the success of others, so everyone is trying their best to race against time to grab that first. It's like the Daya Bay neutrino experiment, which was popular not long ago.

There are three modes of neutrino oscillation, two of which have been found before, and a third has never been discovered. In order to find the third oscillation of neutrinos. As early as around 2003, 7 countries successively proposed 8 experimental schemes, and finally entered the construction stage of a total of 3, in addition to China's Daya Bay experiment, France's doublechooz experiment and South Korea's Reno experiment. After the latest results of the Daya Bay experiment, the experiments of France and South Korea can only sigh with admiration, and they have no share in the honor. Therefore, some South Korean media said: "The Nobel Prize in hand has flew!" ”

The worst-case scenario is not to be preempted. The so-called "heroes see the same thing", there are so many heroes in the world, and things that are similar to the idea are naturally inevitable, and being the first to be the first to be able to blame their hands for not being fast enough. There is also a situation where you think of a novel idea and hurriedly report it to the tutor, only to be told by the tutor after a few glances: your idea is very ridiculous. Because it conflicts with the theory of so-and-so. Of course, if you are really wrong, you naturally have nothing to say; The most fearful thing is that your idea is right, and the teacher's judgment or the bull's theory is wrong. At that time, I was afraid that I wanted to kill and kill myself!

Like the hapless Kronig, who was the first to propose the "electron spin hypothesis", he unfortunately shared his idea with Pauli, who was considered the brightest physicist of his time. Pauli is indeed very intelligent and has amazing insight. But even more famous is his vitriol, which Ehrenfest called "God's whip." There is such an interesting little story circulating in the Western scientific community:

It is said that after Pauli's death, his soul ascended to heaven and met God, and he thought that God is omnipotent, and there happened to be a question that had been bothering him in his academic career, so he asked God: "Brother Di, do you know why the jīng fine structure constant α is equal to 1/137?" God wrote a few pages and gave them to Pauli: "That's the answer." Pauli took it and looked at it a few times, and immediately skimmed it out disdainfully: "It's pure nonsense!" ”

You see, Shang dìdū can't escape Pauli's whip, let alone Kronig?

Pauli hurriedly read the paper and then sharply criticized: "If according to your theory." The speed of the surface of an electron will be ten times the speed of light, which is obviously inconsistent with the theory of relativity, so the spin of the electron is an unfounded assumption, and you should not spend jīng force on it. It is good for young people to be imaginative, but it is inevitable that they will make mistakes. But you must not do such stupid and stupid things! ”

Kronig was so embarrassed that he had to hide his face and flee. Who knows that Pauli was wise in his life, but he was wrong about the two most important things, one was that the cosmic symmetry of Salaam was not conserved, which was mentioned earlier; The other is Kronig's electron spin. Both of these are important scientific discoveries at the Nobel Prize level.

Later science proved that spin, like static mass, charge and other physical quantities, is to describe the physical quantity of microscopic particles, not only electrons have spin, neutrons, protons, photons and other microscopic particles have spin, but the values are different. How do you think Kronig will feel when he learns the result? Do you have the heart to rip Pauli alive?

It has been a hundred years longer than the scientists of the early twentieth century, and the explosion of knowledge during this period made Sun Yuanqi not worry at all that there would be people in this era who "saw the same as his heroes", let alone worry that there would be nothing to attack, because many of the famous theories and superficial knowledge written into the textbooks in later generations have not yet been put forward, such as the theory of continental drift, the theory of three-circle circulation, vitamins and their functions, and the determination of carbon dating.

As for publishing, it's even less difficult. First, there is no page fee for publishing papers now, and newspapers and magazines such as Rìben, the United States, and France even offer high prices to ask Sun Yuanqi for manuscripts in order to attract readers; Second, with Sun Yuanqi's great reputation, not to mention the "Journal of Jingshi University", which is an internationally renowned journal such as "Science", "Nature" and "JACS", is also very welcome to the manuscripts.

But what exactly should be written made Sun Yuanqi hesitate.

In Sun Yuanqi's view, what he writes should first of all be of epoch-making significance and have a significant impact on the international scientific community. Otherwise, writing some articles that are not in the mainstream will not only be useless, but will also fall into the great fame you earned before.

Secondly, write something that is not very harmful. Inventions such as tanks, atomic bombs, napalm, sarin, rockets, radar, and other inventions that could be used in warfare were almost all of epoch-making significance, and their publication could indeed achieve earth-shattering results. However, if these weapons of mass murder are researched by Britain, France, Russia and other powers, who can guarantee that China will not become one of the victims? Of course, if World War I broke out, the two sides were in a fierce battle, and China took the lead in developing a book that could deal with Xiao Rìben, Sun Yuanqi would not mind selling some to Europe.

Third, it is better to have a certain amount of deception in what is written, such as the positron and antimatter mentioned in Britain in 1904, which provoked countless scientists around the world to use various instruments to "go up and down to the yellow spring" to search, as a result, everyone saw the trajectory of the positron in the cloud room more than once, but in any case could not find the "antimatter" that Sun Yuanqi said.

Although it is "not seen in two places", everyone has always been superstitious about Sun Yuanqi, and few people question the correctness of the antimatter theory, but think that their own detection method is wrong. - Look at Professor Martin! It was through painstaking efforts and the invention of several experimental instruments of great value that he successfully completed the experiment designed by Johnson, proving that light is a particle, and writing his name into the university physics textbook. If he can all succeed, why can't we? If we don't succeed, it's the wrong instrument or method!

In order to deceive xìng, Sun Yuanqi also did not fail to consider the use of "pseudoscience".

In the process of scientific development, science and pseudoscience have always been only one step away, and many of the scientific theories that we now think are true appeared in the guise of pseudoscience back then. And what was thought to be the truth at the time is now likely to be proven to be pseudoscience. In fact, the process of verifying pseudoscience is also the process of scientific development.

For example, the "ether", which is a substance conceived by the ancient Greek philosopher Anaxagoras, is considered to be one of the five elements. In the 17th century, Descartes, known as the "ancestor of modern science", first introduced it to science, believing that space is full of ether, and although it cannot be perceived by the human senses, it can transmit the action of force. Even Newton acknowledged the existence of the ether. In the 19th century, physicists believed that the ether was the propagation medium of electromagnetic waves. Later experiments and theories showed that "ether" was a pseudoscience, but in the process, people's understanding of gravity, electromagnetic force, and electromagnetic waves was gradually corrected and improved.

In the last two decades of the 20th century, although China has made few achievements in cutting-edge science, pseudoscience has blossomed into a hundred flowers, such as water-to-oil technology, natural therapy, supersensory vision, Bigu hunger strike, and so on, and many people have been fooled, in addition to ordinary people, many of them are high-ranking officials and great scientists. If one or two of these stunts were borrowed at the beginning of the twentieth century, would it have been possible to bluff a large part of the world?

Sun Yuanqi thought about it seriously, and felt that the use of "pseudoscience" was too harmful to use such a taboo trick, and if it was not good, it would be "killing a thousand enemies and damaging eight hundred", which was too cost-effective, so it was better to find another way!

Just as he was meditating, he suddenly received a call from Jingshi University, saying that in the list of Nobel Prize winners announced in early October, Professor Rutherford of Jingshi University won this year's Nobel Prize in Chemistry for "discovering neutrons, nuclear fission and chain reactions", and Zhao Jinghui won the Prize in Physiology or Medicine for "discovering a series of drugs such as penicillin and sulfonamides and their clinical effects". (To be continued...) )