Although being taken to learn something is sometimes more boring and boring, Hua Feng still has to accept this seemingly endless hard life, just like countless nights when he looks at the ceiling and thinks about the past and the future.

The theory of white holes has been around for some time, and in 1970 Germin proposed the possibility that they existed in quasars, vigorously active galaxies.

Scholars of relativity and cosmology have long understood the possibility of this doctrine, but it is different from the general orthodox view of the universe and is less likely to be recognized. Some theories suggest that due to the violent motion of cosmic objects, or the ejection of small high-energy objects from a galaxy, they obey the Köpler orbital motion.

This is a highly idealized speculation that there are several white holes in one place, rotating around each other in the core of galaxies, occasionally spewing out a sky full of stars.

The ejected white hole evolves into a new galaxy. Photographs of galaxy clusters show a series of galaxies connected by matter. This suggests that they are formed by a series of violent ejections, and in this case, the white hole may divide and reproduce like an amoebic protozoa, splitting to form galaxies and thus star fields. However, this is contrary to current theory.

From this point of view, even galaxy generation has different opinions. Some astronomers have proposed and accepted that there was a clump of inhomogeneous matter at the beginning of the universe, and that there were white holes in it.

The universe shrinks towards the initial singularity, and galaxies and groups of galaxies all act in the same way, which is of course similar to the singularity of black holes. Different regions of the universe have different densities, and when they contract, they first reach the critical density of black holes in high-density places, and then disappear in the event horizon, and the universe continues to shrink, so that high-density singularities continue to appear.

The universe becomes a collection of black holes and surrounding matter. However, in fact, the universe expands rather than contracts, so it is a white hole rather than a black hole.

In the great singularity, which is the origin of the universe as a whole, there are small particles with high density, which spread in all directions as they expand, and a large number of large white holes erupt to give birth to small white holes. It is from which uneven objects such as galaxies are generated. The reason why inhomogeneous objects are easily related to black holes is that they are in proportion to the process of local contraction in the universe, which is commensurate with the current state of expansion.

The existence of black holes and white holes in the current universe is parallel, and they are just two endpoints of the process. The singularity of a black hole is the end of the collapse of matter, and the beginning of a white hole is the beginning of a galaxy. It's just that the processes are not simultaneous, but staggered.

Scientists generally agree that our universe has been expanding and decreasing in density since the Big Bang. Therefore, the expanding celestial bodies and gases and even the entire universe were imprisoned in a "point" (outflow singularity) more than 20 billion years ago (13.7 billion years ago), and after the original Big Bang, they began to expand outward, and when they rushed out of the "event horizon", they became white holes that we can see.

Contrary to the above, one view is that, due to the inhomogeneity of the original Big Bang, some dense cores that have not yet had time to explode may remain, and they still have a tendency to explode after they are ejected, but the time of the explosion is delayed, and these delayed cores, the "delayed nuclei", are white holes.

It has also been suggested that white holes may be "transformed" from black holes. That is to say, when the collapse of a black hole reaches the "limit", it will change into an expansion state through some kind of contradictory motion inside - an anti-collapse explosion, and then it will change from accumulating energy inward to radiating energy outward from the center.

One of the most attractive ideas is that just as there are positive and negative particles in the universe, there must be white holes in the universe that are identical to black holes (negative holes) but have opposite properties (positive holes). They correspondingly coexist on the walls of a cosmic expansion bubble and belong to two different universes.

Since there are more than 100,000 black holes in our universe, there may also be an equal number of white holes. As a result, as the universe continues to expand, some of the slightly denser areas around the white hole become denser, and some of the slightly thinner areas around the black hole become more empty. These large areas of emptiness are hollows.

If the radiation is produced by a white hole, this phenomenon is natural. The higher the radiant energy, the greater the blue shift, so initially the visible light also moves to the ultraviolet region.

He also calculated the phenomenon of occasional small-scale eruptions in the Milky Way, illustrating the possibility of small white holes in the galaxy erupting at any time, such as the intragalactic X-

ay, the maximum energy of the intensity arrives first, then the energy decreases, and the whole is shown in the spectrum decreasing as a power function. This is consistent with the white hole theory calculations.

Each X-

The spectrum is not the same between ay, but this difference can be explained by the distortion of the electromagnetic radiation produced by the white hole itself, because the radiation produced in the white hole may have different forms such as black-body radiation (noise below microwaves) and synchrotron radiation (generated by charged particles passing through strong magnetic fields).

Bursts observed by sporadic satellites

rays, which can be explained by the influence of white holes, and the generation of high-energy particles in the background of cosmic rays can also be identified as objects erupted by white holes. But the gravitational pull of a celestial body will be greater than the repulsive force of the celestial body, and everything that erupts from the white hole will be sucked back into the white hole.

So far, "white hole" is only a theoretical term, and scientists have not actually discovered it. Technically, it is much easier to discover black holes, even supermassive black holes, than white holes. Maybe every black hole has a corresponding white hole!

But we don't know for sure that all supermassive "holes" are "black" holes, or whether white holes and black holes should occur in pairs. But from the point of view of gravity, the properties are the same when viewed from a distance.

When people had sophisticated mathematical tools to analyze these equations, they discovered much more. In this simple case, the space-time structure must have time-reversal symmetry, which means that if you turn back time, everything should be the same.

Therefore, if at some point in the future the light can only enter and not go out, then there must be a time in the past when the light can only go out and not go in. This looks like an inversion of a black hole, hence the name a white hole, even though it is just an extension of the black hole's past.

(What's even stranger is that there seems to be a universe within the world, although the word "inside" here may not be accurate.) Time exists in the White Hole, but since you can't go in, you can only know if you are born in it.

But in reality, white holes may not exist, because real black holes are much more complex than this simple solution of general relativity describes.

They didn't exist in the past, but formed after the collapse of the star at some point. This destroys the time-reversal symmetry, so if you look back in time, you won't see the white hole described in this solution, but the black hole turning back into a collapsing star.

We know that because of its strong gravitational pull, black holes can suck up anything in their vicinity, and they can only get in and out. If we regard a black hole as an "entrance", then there should be an "exit" that can only enter and exit, which is the so-called "white hole".

The pathway between a black hole and a white hole is also known as the "gray channel" (that is, the "wormhole" is also known as the "silicon hole"). Although the white hole has not yet been discovered, one of the most beautiful things in scientific exploration is that many theoretically existing things have been discovered or confirmed by people since then.

Therefore, perhaps one day in the future, with the progress of science and technology and the continuous exploration of human beings, astronomers will really discover the existence of white holes!

Relationship with black holesWhite holes and black holes are complementary and opposites. In his article "Black Holes and White Holes Complement Each Other", Shen Wei made the following discussion on the interrelationship between black holes and white holes: "Hawking focuses on black holes, but his hypothesis may give cheap to the idea of the mutual transformation of black holes and white holes.

Of course, this idea is mainly based on the symmetry of black holes and white holes, because the collapse of matter into a central singularity and the explosion of matter from a central singularity are two opposite processes, so it seems possible to transform from a black hole into a white hole in an instant. As for the evolution of the universe, we will try to explain it as follows. An evolutionary model derived from the general theory of relativity assumes that the universe was born from the Big Bang of the primordial fireball, then expanded, expanded to the maximum, then collapsed, contracted to the minimum, and then a second explosion and its expansion and contraction, and so on.

In this mode, can the primordial fireball that explodes each time be treated as a primordial white hole, which is instantaneously transformed from the black hole that terminated the previous collapse process? The start and end points are the central singularities of the white and black holes. This exposition contains profound dialectical logic ideas.

Based on the above, the following conclusions can be drawn:

First, black holes are an extreme phenomenon and form of inter-universe attraction, and its direct result is the "Great Collapse", in contrast, white holes are an extreme phenomenon and form of inter-universe repulsion, and its direct result is the "Big Bang" or "Great Expansion". The two are indispensable, closely linked, complementary, mutually transformed, and opposite.

Second, black holes and white holes are transformed into each other through some kind of "polar change mechanism" (worm eye mechanism, etc.), and because of this mutual transformation, all material phenomena in the quantum ladder can be generated, developed, and died. In this process, there is neither an eternal thing that is immutable, nor something that appears once and then perishes forever. What is produced will die, and what will die will be created again, and so on.

Third, the mutual transformation of black holes and white holes is the most fundamental and important dynamic source of cosmic evolution. The existence and transformation of the two of them is a vivid embodiment of the ancient polar opposition of attraction and repulsion, and is the deepest root cause of all changes.